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A Brief Review: Advancement in the Synthesis of Amine through the Leuckart Reaction. REACTIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/reactions4010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents a summary of reactions that take place during the “Leuckart-type reaction”. The significance of, as well as recent advancements in, the synthesis of amines through simple and inexpensive methods using readily available raw materials is discussed. This review includes all catalytic and noncatalytic reactions that involve the Leuckart method. Recent studies have shown that at least a quarter of C–N bond-forming reactions in the pharmaceutical industry are occur with the support of reductive amination. Recently, experimental conditions have achieved excellent yields. The “Leuckart-type reaction” is technically associated with Eschweiler–Clarke methylation. Compounds are grouped in accordance with the precept of action. This includes drugs affecting the central nervous system, cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal tract; anticancer drugs, antibiotics, antiviral and antifungal drugs; drugs affecting anxiety; convulsant, biotic, and HIV drugs; and antidiabetic drugs. Therefore, this review supports the development of the Leuckart-type preparation of nitrogenous compounds, as well as their advancement in other areas of human development.
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Qin H, Jiang X, Huang H, Liu W, Li J, Xiao Y, Mao L, Fu Z, Yu N, Yin D. Ionic liquid-assisted catalytic oxidation of anethole by copper- and iron-based metal-organic frameworks. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Synthesis and organic impurity profiling of 4-methoxymethamphetamine hydrochloride and its precursors. Forensic Sci Int 2017; 272:184-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Evans E, Costrino C, do Lago CL, Garcia CD, Roux C, Blanes L. Determination of Inorganic Ion Profiles of Illicit Drugs by Capillary Electrophoresis. J Forensic Sci 2016; 61:1610-1614. [PMID: 27569250 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A portable capillary electrophoresis instrument with dual capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4 D) was used to determine the inorganic ionic profiles of three pharmaceutical samples and precursors of two illicit drugs (contemporary samples of methylone and para-methoxymethamphetamine). The LODs ranged from 0.10 μmol/L to 1.25 μmol/L for the 10 selected cations, and from 0.13 μmol/L to 1.03 μmol/L for the eight selected anions. All separations were performed in less than 6 min with migration times and peak area RSD values ranging from 2 to 7%. The results demonstrate the potential of the analysis of inorganic ionic species to aid in the identification and/or differentiation of unknown tablets, and real samples found in illicit drug manufacture scenarios. From the resulting ionic fingerprint, the unknown tablets and samples can be further classified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Evans
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249
| | - Carolina Costrino
- Departmento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudimir L do Lago
- Departmento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos D Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249
| | - Claude Roux
- Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, NSW,2001, NSW, Australia
| | - Lucas Blanes
- Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, NSW,2001, NSW, Australia
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Xu YZ, Lin HR, Lua CA, Chen C. Synthesis of Deuterium Labeled (±)-2,5-Dimethoxyamphetamine (DMA), (±)-4-Bromo-2,5-Dimethoxyamphetamine (DOB), and (±)-4-Methoxyamphetamine (PMA) as Internal Standards for Quantitative Analyses by GC-MS. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200700070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kochana J, Wilamowski J, Parczewski A. TLC Profiling of Impurities of 1‐(3,4‐Methylenedioxyphenyl)‐2‐nitropropene an Intermediate in MDMA Synthesis. Influence of Sample Preparation Methods and Conditions. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-200028182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Kochana
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Ingardena 3, 30‐060 , Cracow , Poland
| | - J. Wilamowski
- b Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Cracow , Poland
| | - A. Parczewski
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Ingardena 3, 30‐060 , Cracow , Poland
- c Institute of Forensic Research , Cracow , Poland
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Kochana J, Tomaszewski W, Moszczyński T, Zakrzewska A, Parczewski A. Application of Carbon Adsorbents for Extraction of MDMA Impurities in TLC Drug Profiling. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070801890553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Kochana
- a Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Cracow, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Moszczyński
- a Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Cracow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zakrzewska
- a Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Cracow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Parczewski
- a Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Cracow, Poland
- c Institute of Forensic Research , Cracow, Poland
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Kochana J, Parczewski A, Wilamowski J. SPE/TLC Profiling of the Impurities of MDMA: The Influence of an Agglutinant, Diluents, and Adulterants. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070600598894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Kochana
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Cracow, Poland
| | | | - J. Wilamowski
- c Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Cracow, Poland
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Kochana J, Zakrzewska A, Parczewski A, Wilamowski J. TLC Screening Method for Identification of Active Components of “Ecstasy” Tablets. Influence of Diluents and Adulterants. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070500269984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Kochana
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Cracow, Poland
| | | | | | - Jarosław Wilamowski
- c Department of Organic Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Cracow, Poland
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Kochana J, Wilamowski J, Parczewski A. SPE?TLC Profiling of Impurities in 1-(3,4-Methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-nitropropene, an Intermediate in 3,4-Methylenedioxy- methamphetamine (MDMA) Synthesis. Chromatographia 2004. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-004-0385-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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