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Abu Rasheed M, Alshaghel A, Sakur AA. A new bonded silica based on an amino acid derivative as a TLC stationary phase to solve nitrophenol structural isomerism and ibuprofen stereoisomerism. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Many amino acids and their derivatives have been used previously as chiral selectors in thin layer chromatography. Herein, we reported the synthesis, characterization, and chromatographic evaluation of a new modified stationary phase based on (S)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid (also known as pregabalin) as an amino acid ligand bonded to the silica surface via triazine attachment.
Results
SC-2P (silica-cyanuric-2-pregabalin) is a bonded silica stationary phase prepared by direct binding of the pre-synthesized cyanuric-2-pregabalin organic ligand on the chlorinated silica surface. FT-IR and UV diffuse reflection spectroscopy (UV-DRS) were used to characterize the synthesized bonded phase, and the specific surface area was determined using the methylene blue Langmuir isotherm method to be 147.04 m2/g. TLC plates were prepared from a slurry of this synthesized material with 2 mM of Cu2+ as a selector additive, and the chromatographic characteristics of these plates were investigated to separate a ternary mixture of o-, m-, and p-nitrophenol as structural isomers, and a racemic mixture of (±)-ibuprofen as stereoisomers. Solvent systems of n-hexane:dichloroethane:n-propanol (75:20:5, v/v/v) and Dichloroethane:acetonitrile (90:10, v/v) were selected as mobile phases for nitrophenol and ibuprofen mixtures, respectively. The successful separation was densitometrically confirmed, and retardation factors (Rf) were determined for o-, m-, and p-nitrophenol at 320 nm to be 0.83, 0.45, and 0.28, and for R(−)-, S(+)-ibuprofen at 220 nm to be 0.43 and 0.63, respectively.
Conclusion
The synthesis, characterization, and chromatographic evaluation of SC-2P were reported in this article. SC-2P was used with copper ions to form in situ ligand exchange reagent (LER), which was successfully employed to solve an isomeric mixture of nitrophenol and a racemic mixture of (±)-ibuprofen. The synthesized stationary phase showed high repeatability with minimum Rf shifts between batches.
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Sobańska AW. Impregnated silica-based layers in thin layer chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2020.1725554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna W. Sobańska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Chromatographic methods for the simultaneous determination of binary mixture of Saxagliptin HCl and Metformin HCl. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bfopcu.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Salama NNED. Rapid chiral separation and impurity determination of ropivacaine and bupivacaine by Densitometry-HPTLC, using mucopolysaccharide as chiral mobile phase additive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.5.2.214-218.964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Naguib IA, Abdelrahman MM. Stability indicating HPTLC method for determination of Metopimazine in pharmaceutical formulation and human plasma. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Del Bubba M, Checchini L, Cincinelli A, Lepri L. Enantioseparations by thin-layer chromatography. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 970:29-43. [PMID: 23283769 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-263-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An up-to-date overview of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) techniques for chiral separations of various significant and/or recent examples of enantioresolutions is reported. Furthermore, examples for chiral separations obtained on achiral commercially available C18 TLC plates are described in detail. These include the enantioseparation of methylthiohydantoin-phenylalanine and methylthiohydantoin-tyrosine using hydroxyethyl-β-cyclodextrin as mobile phase additive and the separation of the enantiomers of warfarin and p-chlorowarfarin using bovine serum albumin as mobile phase additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Del Bubba
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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Del Bubba M, Checchini L, Lepri L. Thin-layer chromatography enantioseparations on chiral stationary phases: a review. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:533-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6514-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bhushan R, Dixit S. Amino acids as chiral selectors in enantioresolution by liquid chromatography. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 26:962-71. [PMID: 22729784 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids are unique in terms of their structural features and multidimensional uses. With their simple structures and the ready availability of both enantiomers, amino acids not only serve as a chiral pool for synthesis but also provide an inexpensive pool for resolution studies. There has been no attempt to review the application of amino acids as chiral selectors for chromatographic enantioresolution of pharmaceuticals and other compounds. The present paper deals with application of l-amino acids and complexes of l-amino acids with a metal ion, particularly Cu(II), as an impregnating reagent in thin-layer chromatography or as a chiral ligand exchange reagent or a chiral mobile phase additive in both thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Enantiomeric resolution of β-blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, amino acids (and their derivatives) and certain other compounds is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Bhushan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India.
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Ali NW, Abbas SS, Zaazaa HES, Abdelrahman MM, Abdelkawy M. Validated stability indicating methods for determination of nitazoxanide in presence of its degradation products. J Pharm Anal 2011; 2:105-116. [PMID: 29403729 PMCID: PMC5760833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Three sensitive, selective and reproducible stability-indicating methods are presented for determination of nitazoxanide (NTZ), a new anti-protozoal drug, in presence of its degradation products. Method A utilizes the first derivative of ratio spectra spectrophotometry by measurement of the amplitude at 364.4 nm using one of the degradation products as a divisor. Method B is a chemometric-assisted spectrophotometry, where principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS) were applied. These two approaches were successfully applied to quantify NTZ in presence of degradation products using the information included in the absorption spectra in the range 260–360 nm. Method C is based on the separation of NTZ from its degradation products followed by densitometric measurement of the bands at 254 nm. The separation was carried out on silica gel 60F254, using chloroform–methanol–ammonia solution–glacial acetic acid (95:5:1:1 by volume, pH=5.80) as a developing system. These methods are suitable as stability-indicating methods for the determination of NTZ in presence of its degradation products either in bulk powder or in pharmaceutical formulations. Statistical analysis of the results has been carried out revealing high accuracy and good precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouruddin W. Ali
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Hussin El-Shafey Street, Beni-Suef City, Egypt
| | - Samah Sayed Abbas
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala El-Sayed Zaazaa
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Mohamed Abdelrahman
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Hussin El-Shafey Street, Beni-Suef City, Egypt
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +20 141418206; fax: +20 82 2317950.
| | - Mohamed Abdelkawy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
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Taha EA, Salama NN, Wang S. Micelle enhanced fluorimetric and thin layer chromatography densitometric methods for the determination of (+/-) citalopram and its S-enantiomer escitalopram. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY INSIGHTS 2009; 4:1-9. [PMID: 19652757 PMCID: PMC2716673 DOI: 10.4137/aci.s2274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two sensitive and validated methods were developed for determination of a racemic mixture citalopram and its enantiomer S-(+) escitalopram. The first method was based on direct measurement of the intrinsic fluorescence of escitalopram using sodium dodecyl sulfate as micelle enhancer. This was further applied to determine escitalopram in spiked human plasma, as well as in the presence of common and co-administrated drugs. The second method was TLC densitometric based on various chiral selectors was investigated. The optimum TLC conditions were found to be sensitive and selective for identification and quantitative determination of enantiomeric purity of escitalopram in drug substance and drug products. The method can be useful to investigate adulteration of pure isomer with the cheap racemic form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham A Taha
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), 6-Abu Hazem Street, Pyramids Ave. P.O. Box 29, 35521 Giza, Egypt.
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Salama N. Validated densitometric TLC method for analysis of (R)-and (S)-bupivacaine, using cyclodextrin derivatives as chiral selectors. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2008. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.21.2008.6.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sajewicz M, Gontarska M, Kronenbach D, Kowalska T. Thin-layer chromatographic and polarimetric investigation of the oscillatory in-vitro chiral inversion ofS-(+)-ketoprofen. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2008. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.21.2008.5.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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André C, Berthelot A, Thomassin M, Guillaume YC. Enantioselective aptameric molecular recognition material: Design of a novel chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation of a series of chiral herbicides by capillary electrochromatography. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:3254-62. [PMID: 16865666 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A chiral stationary phase derived from an L-RNA aptamer is evaluated for the enantiomer separation of a series of herbicide molecules (aryloxypropionic, aryloxyphenoxypropionic, and aminopropionic acid) by CEC after binding to biotin and grafting upon streptavidin-modified porous glass beads. We demonstrated that the aptamer capillary was stable in term of efficiency and retention during a long period. The influences of the mobile phase constitution and its flow-velocity on the enantioseparation were also investigated. The results suggest that the interactions of the enantiomer during CEC are solely based on chromatographic mechanisms and that the electrophoresis plays only a minor role. The separation efficiency and peak shape could be improved by Mg2+ divalent cation that stabilized the aptamer secondary structure and thus enhanced the mass transfer kinetics during the ligand-aptamer binding process. In addition, it was demonstrated that the determination of the enantiomerization barrier of flamprop was possible using this chiral stationary phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire André
- Equipe des Sciences Séparatives et Biopharmaceutiques (2SB)-EA 3924, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté de Médecine Pharmacie, Besançon, France
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Siouffi AM, Piras P, Roussel C. Some aspects of chiral separations in planar chromatography compared with HPLC. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2005. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.18.2005.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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