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Arduino I, Depalo N, Re F, Dal Magro R, Panniello A, Margiotta N, Fanizza E, Lopalco A, Laquintana V, Cutrignelli A, Lopedota AA, Franco M, Denora N. PEGylated solid lipid nanoparticles for brain delivery of lipophilic kiteplatin Pt(IV) prodrugs: An in vitro study. Int J Pharm 2020; 583:119351. [PMID: 32339634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Here, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-stabilized solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) containing Pt(IV) prodrugs derived from kiteplatin were designed and proposed as novel nanoformulations potentially useful for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme. Four different Pt(IV) prodrugs were synthesized, starting from kiteplatin by the addition of two carboxylate ligands with different length of the alkyl chains and lipophilicity degree, and embedded in the core of PEG-stabilized SLNs composed of cetyl palmitate. The SLNs were extensively characterized by complementary optical and morphological techniques. The results proved the formation of SLNs characterized by average size under 100 nm and dependence of drug encapsulation efficiency on the lipophilicity degree of the tested Pt(IV) prodrugs. A monolayer of immortalized human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) was used as in vitro model of blood-brain barrier (BBB) to evaluate the ability of the SLNs to penetrate the BBB. For this purpose, optical traceable SLNs were achieved by co-incorporation of Pt(IV) prodrugs and luminescent carbon dots (C-Dots) in the SLNs. Finally, an in vitro study was performed by using a human glioblastoma cell line (U87), to investigate on the antitumor efficiency of the SLNs and on their improved ability to be cell internalized respect to the free Pt(IV) prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Arduino
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Orabona St. 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Depalo
- CNR-Institute for Physical and Chemical Processes SS, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Re
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB, University of Milano-Bicocca, Vedano al Lambro, MB, Italy
| | - Roberta Dal Magro
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB, University of Milano-Bicocca, Vedano al Lambro, MB, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Margiotta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Orabona St. 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Fanizza
- CNR-Institute for Physical and Chemical Processes SS, Bari, Italy; Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Orabona St. 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Lopalco
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Orabona St. 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Valentino Laquintana
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Orabona St. 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Cutrignelli
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Orabona St. 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Assunta Lopedota
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Orabona St. 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Franco
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Orabona St. 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Nunzio Denora
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Orabona St. 4, 70125, Bari, Italy; CNR-Institute for Physical and Chemical Processes SS, Bari, Italy.
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Liu Z, Yang X, Chen C, Liu B, Ren B, Wang L, Zhao K, Yu S, Ming H. Expression of the Arp2/3 complex in human gliomas and its role in the migration and invasion of glioma cells. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:2127-36. [PMID: 23969835 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of directional cell migration is localized actin polymerization at the leading protrusions of the cell. The Arp2/3 complex nucleates the formation of the dendritic actin network (lamellipodia) at the leading edge of motile cells. This study was designed to investigate the role of the Arp2/3 complex in the infiltrative behavior of glioma cells. Immunofluorescence and western blotting showed a positive correlation between the expression of Arp2/3 and the malignancy of glioma specimens (r=0.686, P=0.02) and confocal microscopy demonstrated localization of the Arp2/3 complex in lamellipodia of glioma cells. Furthermore, we examined the effects of Arp2/3 complex inhibition in U251, LN229 and SNB19 glioma cells using CK666, an Arp2/3 complex inhibitor. Glioma cells lost lamellipodia and cell polarity after treatment with CK666. Inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex significantly affected the ability of glioma cells to migrate and invade. In the wound-healing assay, CK666 markedly inhibited cell migration, U251 cell migration was inhibited to 38.73±3.45% of control, LN229 cells to 57.40±2.16% of control and SNB19 cells to 34.17±3.82% of control. Also, CK666 significantly impaired Transwell chamber invasion capability of U251, LN229 and SNB19 cells compared with DMSO control by 72.70±4.86, 39.12±8.42 and 41.41±4.66%, respectively. The Arp2/3 complex is, therefore, likely to be a crucial participant in glioma cell invasion and migration, and may represent a target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Liu
- Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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Gathinji M, McGirt MJ, Attenello FJ, Chaichana KL, Than K, Olivi A, Weingart JD, Brem H, Quinones-Hinojosa A. Association of preoperative depression and survival after resection of malignant brain astrocytoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 71:299-303, discussion 303. [PMID: 18786716 DOI: 10.1016/j.surneu.2008.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2008] [Accepted: 07/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical depression has been shown to negatively influence the morbidity and mortality of multiple disease states. It remains unclear if clinical depression affects survival after surgical management of malignant brain astrocytoma. We set out to determine whether patients with a diagnosis of clinical depression before surgery experienced decreased survival independent of treatment modality or degree of disability. METHODS One thousand fifty-two patients undergoing surgical management for malignant brain astrocytoma (WHO grade 3 or 4) performed at a single institution from 1995 to 2006 were retrospectively reviewed. The independent association of depression prior to surgery and subsequent survival was assessed via multivariate proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS Surgical management consisted of primary resection in 605 (58%) patients, secondary resection in 410 (39%), and biopsy in 37 patients (3.5%). Pathology was WHO grade IV in 829 (79%) and grade III in 223 (21%). Forty-nine patients (5%) carried the diagnosis of depression at the time of surgery. Mean age and KPS on admission was 51 +/- 16 and 80 +/- 10 years, respectively. Two hundred ninety patients (28%) received Gliadel (BCNU MGI Pharma, Inc., Bloomington, MN, USA) wafer implantation and 274 (26%) received postoperative temozolomide (concomitant in 102, delayed adjuvant in 172 patients). Subsequent resection was performed at the time of recurrence in 135 (13%) patients a mean of 10 +/- 6 months after surgery. Adjusting for all variables associated with survival in this model, age (P < .001), KPS (P < .001), WHO grade III vs IV (P < .001), primary versus secondary resection (P < .001), gross-total resection (P < .001), Gliadel wafer implantation (P = .048), postoperative temozolomide therapy (P < .001), and subsequent resection at time of recurrence (P < .001); preoperative depression was independently associated with decreased survival (relative risk [95% CI]: 1.41 [1.1-1.96], P < .05). The difference in percent survival between the depression and nondepression cohorts was most notable at 12 months (15% vs 41%) and 20 months (0% vs 21%) after surgery. CONCLUSION In our experience, patients who are actively depressed at the time of surgery were associated with decreased survival after surgical management of malignant astrocytoma, independent of degree of disability, tumor grade, or subsequent treatment modalities. In our opinion, the presence of an association between preoperative depression and survival warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muraya Gathinji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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Edvardsson T, Påhlson A, Ahlstrom G. Experiences of Onset and Diagnosis of Low-grade Glioma From the Patient's Perspective. Cancer Nurs 2006; 29:415-22. [PMID: 17006116 DOI: 10.1097/00002820-200609000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe adult patients' experiences of falling ill and being diagnosed with low-grade glioma. Information concerning such experiences is lacking in the literature. The study population were adults identified within a well-defined population. Interviews were conducted with 27 patients. The interview texts were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Illness onset was described as a sequence of events. Nineteen patients narrated rapid onset and 8 patients prolonged onset. The most commonly described symptoms in both types of onset were headache, epileptic seizures, vomiting, and vision changes. Racing thoughts, depression, and tinnitus were 3 of the more uncommon symptoms. The most prominent negative experiences regarding healthcare included disrespectful encounters and a lack of opportunity for participation. The salient negative life-situation consequences included a lack of social support and attitudes expressing a lack of understanding. However, to some extent, positive experiences also emerged in the interviews concerning healthcare and life situation despite the onset of the illness. In conclusion, most of the patients in the study experienced the illness onset as stressful. Healthcare staff need particular knowledge to understand the vulnerability of the patient in the onset of low-grade glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Edvardsson
- Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Orebro County Council and Swedish Institute for Disability Research, University of Orebro, Orebro, Sweden.
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Janda M, Eakin EG, Bailey L, Walker D, Troy K. Supportive care needs of people with brain tumours and their carers. Support Care Cancer 2006; 14:1094-103. [PMID: 16710653 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-006-0074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2005] [Accepted: 03/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
GOALS OF WORK The diagnosis and treatment of a brain tumour may result in long-term changes in a patient's functional and social abilities and/or in a greatly reduced life span. A qualitative investigation was conducted to examine the supportive care needs of patients with brain tumour and their carers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Overall, 18 patients and 18 carers participated in focus groups or telephone interviews, following a structured interview guide to elicit supportive care services of importance to these patients and carers. MAIN RESULTS Six major themes were identified using the framework analysis method, including needs for information and coping with uncertainty, practical support, support to return to pretreatment responsibilities or prepare for long-term care, support to deal with social isolation and organize respite care, support to overcome stigma/discrimination and support to discuss potentially reduced life expectancy. CONCLUSIONS Five recommendations to improve service delivery include: assignment of a dedicated member of the care team or case manager; proactive dissemination of information, education and psychosocial support; access to objective assessment of neuropsychological functioning; facilitating easier access to welfare payments; and services facilitating communication about difficult illness-related topics. Provision of services along these recommendations could improve supportive care of brain tumour patients and their carers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Janda
- Viertel Centre for Research in Cancer Control, Queensland Cancer Fund, Spring Hill, Australia.
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Abstract
Headache is one of the most common somatic complaints of patients seeking medical care. Most headaches are not of serious cause and can be diagnosed easily with a good history and physical examination. The challenges to the physician are to determine when underlying intracranial pathology may be causing the symptoms and signs, and to identify the few patients in whom a tumor is the cause of the headache. The subject of headache in patients with brain tumors has been reviewed in neurologic textbooks and in several investigations before, as well as after, modern imaging diagnostic techniques became available. Headache can also manifest as an acute or chronic complication of radiation treatment and/or chemotherapy in patients with intracranial neoplasm, but there are few data in the literature specifically addressing this subject. This article provides an overview of headache in patients with primary and secondary brain tumor, including headache characteristics, the putative mechanism for these headaches, the role of diagnostic testing, and the general principles of management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Loghin
- Neuro-Oncology Unit 431, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, PO Box 301402, Houston, TX 77230, USA
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Campbell J. Brain tumour-related epilepsy: The experience of a nurse-led seizure clinic in Scotland. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.12968/bjnn.2005.1.5.20268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Campbell
- Beatson Oncology Centre, Western Infirmary, Dumbareton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT
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Lemke DM. Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Cancer and High-grade Gliomas of the Central Nervous System. JOURNAL OF INFUSION NURSING 2004; 27:263-9. [PMID: 15273634 DOI: 10.1097/00129804-200407000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the hyperactive state of cell growth in which the multiplication and division of cells occur abnormally. Malignant cancer to the brain frequently begins and ends with the loss of self or quality of life. Cancer of the central nervous system can be in the form of a primary or secondary brain tumor commonly known as metastatic cancer. Primary brain tumors can be benign or malignant on the basis of the cell type or location within the brain. Metastatic cancer has a primary source of origin, from which it has traveled to the brain by direct extension (tumors arising from the skull or vertebral column), or most commonly by hematogenous spread (through the blood supply, lymphatic system, or cerebral spinal fluid). As the cancer grows, the individual can experience headache, seizures, or focal neurologic deficits, all impinging on quality of life. This article addresses malignant central nervous system cancer including metastatic cancer and malignant gliomas (anaplastic astrocytoma, grade III, and glioblastoma multiforme, grade IV). Epidemiology, diagnostic workup, treatment, and outcome also are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise M Lemke
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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