1
|
Statistical Treatment of Clinical Investigations in Pediatric Cardiology. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8040296. [PMID: 33921399 PMCID: PMC8069261 DOI: 10.3390/children8040296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes various statistical methods used by the author during multiple studies conducted by the author. Initially, the data were scrutinized to ensure normal distribution, and expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or standard error of mean (SEM) for normally distributed variables. Medians and ranges were given for the data with skewed distribution. Two tailed, paired t tests or independent sample t tests (analysis of variance) were used for normally distributed data, while non-parametric chi-square or similar other tests were utilized for data with skewed distribution. Statistical significance was set at a p value of < 0.05. Bonferroni correction was applied when the study involves multiple comparisons. A number of other statistical methods used during these studies were also discussed. Finally, special methods used in evaluating aortic remodeling subsequent to balloon angioplasty of native aortic coarctation were reviewed.
Collapse
|
2
|
Syamasundar Rao P. The Journey of an Indian Pediatric Cardiologist : Dr. K. C. Chaudhuri Lifetime Achievement Award/Oration at AIIMS, New Delhi, September 2017. Indian J Pediatr 2017; 84:848-858. [PMID: 28956269 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-017-2452-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The life journey of an Indian pediatric cardiologist, who bestowed considerable attention to the development of new knowledge and train/teach physicians around the world while providing care of patients with heart disease over a 45-y period, is reviewed. This appraisal focuses particular attention on the scientific contributions to the literature. These include spontaneous closure of physiologically advantageous ventricular septal defects, various issues related to a congenital heart defect namely, tricuspid atresia and transcatheter and, interventional pediatric cardiac procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Syamasundar Rao
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas-Houston McGovern Medical School/Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, 6410 Fannin Street, UTPB Suite # 425, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Feng J, Kong X, Sheng Y, Yang R. Patent ductus arteriosus with persistent pulmonary artery hypertension after transcatheter closure. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2016; 12:1609-1613. [PMID: 27843323 PMCID: PMC5098547 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s112400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To observe the change in pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) of patients with persistent pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) after patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occlusion. Background After occlusion of PDA in patients with PAH, some patients still tend to suffer from persistent PAH. Methods A chest X-ray, an electrocardiogram, and an echocardiogram were performed on nine patients at 24 hours, 1 and 6 months, and 1 year serially. Results There was a significant fall (P<0.05) in mean PASP after occlusion (to 59.3±12.7 mmHg). However, the aortic pressure and systemic arterial oxygen saturation changed slightly (P>0.05). During the follow up, there was a further fall in the PASP in five patients (No 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8). Four patients (No 2, 3, 4, and 8) showed the evidence of worsening PAH and were treated with sildenafil. Patient 2 died from acute right heart failure after a period of 11 months from the time of transcatheter closure, triggered by pulmonary infection. Conclusion Some patients with borderline hemodynamic data with PDA and PAH can deteriorate or keep sustained PAH after PDA closure. The treatment of permanent closure to these patients must be cautious.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianqi Feng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu; Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of XuZhou Medical University, XuZhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu
| | - Yanhui Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rangel A, Pérez-Redondo H, Farell J, Basave MN, Zamora C. Division or Occlusion of Patent Ductus Arteriosus? Angiology 2016; 54:695-700. [PMID: 14666958 DOI: 10.1177/000331970305400609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The traditional and most effective form of treatment of persistent ductus arteriosus is surgical ductal division. New therapeutic techniques such as intraluminal ductal occlusion are currently recommended to replace the traditional treatment procedure. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the state of the art of these new therapeutic modalities. From reports in the medical literature, the authors analyzed the indications, results, and complications of the intraluminal ductal occlusion procedures. They applied the Student's t test for independent samples to evaluate the results of intraluminal patent ductus arteriosus occlusion by means of umbrellas, buttons, coils, and Gianturco-Grifka and Amplatzer occluders, respectively, in 2,691 patients collected from the medical literature. According to their analysis the results of intraluminal ductal occlusion with coils were as follows: success 83.7 ±12.2%, failure 3.9 ±2.8%, incom plete ductal occlusion 17.5 ±15.3%, need for surgery 2.8 ±3.8%, need for a second intraluminal procedure 5.8 ±9.9%, and device embolization 6.2 ±7.2%. The use of the Gianturco-Grifka device showed the following results: success 96.0 ±5.6%, failure 4.0 ±5.6%, incomplete ductal occlusion 4.0 ±5.6%, need for surgery 0%, need for a second intraluminal procedure 4.0 ±5.6%, and device embolization 4.0 ±5.6%. The Amplatzer occluder showed the following results: success 92.8 ±6.1%, failure 7.2 ±6.1%, incomplete ductal occlusion 2.0 ±4.3%, need for surgery 0%, need for a second intraluminal procedure 0.8 ±1.7%, and device embolization 0.5 ±1.3%. According to the state of the art, intraluminal ductal occlusion with Gianturco-Grifka device and Amplatzer occluder reduces the proportion of incomplete obstructions and need for surgery. Additionally, the use of the Amplatzer occluder reduces need for a second procedure and the embolization rate. Although the results obtained with the new procedures are better than those obtained previously, they are still not totally satisfactory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Rangel
- Departamento de Hemodinamia, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, IMSS, México, DF, México.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu W, Fu W, Si Y, Chen X, Cai Q, Xiong Y, Hong S, Yang D. A novel endovascular occlusion device with a steerable introducer for embolization in a porcine model. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2015; 87:E86-96. [PMID: 26651031 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.26312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery; Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Weiguo Fu
- Department of Vascular Surgery; Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University; Shanghai China
| | - Yi Si
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery; Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Qiuni Cai
- Department of Vascular Surgery; Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery; Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Shichai Hong
- Department of Vascular Surgery; Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Donghai Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery; Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Venbrux A, Gailloud P, Radvany MG, Rudakov L, Emmert MY, Plass A, Rousselle SD, Tellez A. Acute, subacute, and long-term evaluation of a novel endovascular occlusion system in a large animal model. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2014; 85:1026-32. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.25748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Venbrux
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology; George Washington University; Washington D.C
| | - Philippe Gailloud
- Division of Interventional Neuroradiology; The Johns Hopkins Hospital; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Martin G. Radvany
- Division of Interventional Neuroradiology; The Johns Hopkins Hospital; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Leon Rudakov
- Artventive Medical Group, Inc; Carlsbad California
| | - Maximilian Y. Emmert
- Clinic for Cardiac and Vascular Surgery; University Hospital Zurich; Switzerland
| | - Andre Plass
- Clinic for Cardiac and Vascular Surgery; University Hospital Zurich; Switzerland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Baruteau AE, Hascoët S, Baruteau J, Boudjemline Y, Lambert V, Angel CY, Belli E, Petit J, Pass R. Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus: past, present and future. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 107:122-32. [PMID: 24560920 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to describe the past history, present techniques and future directions in transcatheter treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Transcatheter PDA closure is the standard of care in most cases and PDA closure is indicated in any patient with signs of left ventricular volume overload due to a ductus. In cases of left-to-right PDA with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension, closure may be performed under specific conditions. The management of clinically silent or very tiny PDAs remains highly controversial. Techniques have evolved and the transcatheter approach to PDA closure is now feasible and safe with current devices. Coils and the Amplatzer Duct Occluder are used most frequently for PDA closure worldwide, with a high occlusion rate and few complications. Transcatheter PDA closure in preterm or low-bodyweight infants remains a highly challenging procedure and further device and catheter design development is indicated before transcatheter closure is the treatment of choice in this delicate patient population. The evolution of transcatheter PDA closure from just 40 years ago with 18F sheaths to device delivery via a 3F sheath is remarkable and it is anticipated that further improvements will result in better safety and efficacy of transcatheter PDA closure techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alban-Elouen Baruteau
- M3C Marie-Lannelongue Hospital, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Paris Sud University, Paris, France; Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS UMR 6291, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes University, Nantes, France.
| | - Sébastien Hascoët
- M3C CHU Toulouse, Children's Hospital, Paediatric Cardiology, Paul-Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Baruteau
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Metabolic Medicine Department, University College London, Institute for Women's Health, Gene Therapy Transfer Group, London, UK
| | - Younes Boudjemline
- M3C Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paediatric Cardiology, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; M3C Georges-Pompidou European Hospital, Adult Congenital Cardiology, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Lambert
- M3C Marie-Lannelongue Hospital, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Paris Sud University, Paris, France; Inserm UMR 999, Marie-Lannelongue Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Claude-Yves Angel
- M3C Marie-Lannelongue Hospital, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Paris Sud University, Paris, France
| | - Emre Belli
- M3C Marie-Lannelongue Hospital, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Paris Sud University, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Petit
- M3C Marie-Lannelongue Hospital, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Paris Sud University, Paris, France
| | - Robert Pass
- Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Pediatric Cardiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is one of the most common congenital heart defects. Although surgery is still required in symptomatic neonates, the majority of older infants and children can undergo safe and effective transcatheter device closure on an out-patient basis. First described in 1967, over the past four decades, numerous devices have been specifically developed for this purpose. This article will review the current status of transcatheter therapy. The experience with each device is detailed and issues and controversies are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Rutledge
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
More than three decades have passed since the introduction of transcatheter devices for closure of patent ductus arteriosus, and many occluders have been made available since then. The ideal requirements of any procedure are a user-friendly technique, optimum success rate, no residual anomaly, minimal morbidity/mortality, and comparability or superiority to the existing conventional modality of treatment. With various advancements in device design, delivery and assisted systems, the tremendous procedural safety and effectiveness, along with low cost and widespread availability of these devices makes transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus a preferred therapeutic modality in all age groups, with decreasing demographic trends of surgical management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Arora
- Metro Hospital and Heart Institute, G.B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi 110002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Emmert MY, Venbrux A, Rudakov L, Cesarovic N, Radvany MG, Gailloud P, Falk V, Plass A. The endovascular occlusion system for safe and immediate peripheral vessel occlusion during vascular interventions. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2013; 17:882-5. [PMID: 23868605 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivt318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endovascular occlusion of blood vessels is an important part of interventional therapy concepts. Here, we evaluate the feasibility, procedural safety and efficacy of the novel endovascular occlusion system (EOS) in the arterial system in a porcine model. Thirteen devices were deployed in the iliac and femoral arteries (diameter: 4-5 mm) of five adult swine. Post-deployment angiography was performed at 1, 5 and 10 min and 6 h. All devices (n = 13) could be successfully delivered without any complications, such as dissection, perforation or rupture. The devices could be easily advanced to the target vessel segment, deployed at the intended target location and produced immediate and complete vessel occlusion which was confirmed to be maintained after 6 h. No leaks, recanalization or device migration was observed. In this pilot study, we demonstrate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of immediate vessel occlusion with the EOS device in the peripheral arterial system in a porcine animal model. Our data indicate that this novel device allows precise delivery without the occurrence of cardiovascular complications. Owing to its long-term safety and efficacy the EOS may represent a promising and effective alternative to currently available devices for vessel occlusion during vascular interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Y Emmert
- Clinic for Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Transcatheter closure of symptomatic arterial duct in infants younger than 1 year old. Pediatr Cardiol 2012; 33:1397-401. [PMID: 22639001 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-012-0356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Transcatheter closure is currently considered the first-choice therapeutic option in patent arterial duct (AD), although this approach remains challenging in younger patients. To evaluate feasibility, safety, and mid-term efficacy of percutaneous AD closure using different devices in symptomatic infants <12 months old. Among the 483 patients who underwent transcatheter AD closure at our institution from April 2000 to January 2012, 69 were <12 months old. All patients showed cardiac overload at echocardiography, and 72 % of them were on anticongestive therapy. Based on ductal morphology and local anatomy, AD closure was attempted using detachable coils in 24 cases (group A) or the Amplatzer Duct Occluder (AGA Medical, Golden Valley, MN) device in 45 cases (group B). Procedural feasibility was 95.7 % without any difference between groups (95.8 % vs. 95.6 %, p = NS) as were fluoroscopy and procedural times. AD size was 2.5 ± 0.9 mm, and QP/QS ratio was 2.2 ± 1.1, with both being significantly higher in group B [2.1 ± 0.9 vs. 2.6 ± 0.9 mm (p = 0.04) and 1.7 ± 0.8 vs. 2.5 ± 1.2 (p = 0.009), respectively]. Overall complication rate was 1.5 %, without any difference between groups, as was the occlusion rate at hospital discharge (86 %) and over midterm follow-up (55 ± 36 months) (98.5 %). Percutaneous closure of symptomatic AD might be considered effective and safe in very young infants by tailoring the device choice to ductal morphology and local anatomy. In this setting, the controlled-release coil option was shown to be as effective as the ADO device during midterm follow-up.
Collapse
|
12
|
Hildebrandt N, Schneider C, Schweigl T, Schneider M. Long-Term Follow-Up after Transvenous Single Coil Embolization of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2010; 24:1400-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2010.0605.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
13
|
Jung JW. Recent strategies and outcomes of transcatheter closure for patent ductus arteriosus. Korean Circ J 2010; 40:216-8. [PMID: 20514330 PMCID: PMC2877784 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2010.40.5.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jo Won Jung
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bhole V, Miller P, Mehta C, Stumper O, Reinhardt Z, De Giovanni JV. Clinical evaluation of the new Amplatzer duct occluder II for patent arterial duct occlusion. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2009; 74:762-9. [PMID: 19522000 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.22095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Bhole
- Heart Unit, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Patel NH, Madan TH, Panchal AM, Thakkar BM. Percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus via internal jugular vein in patient with interrupted inferior vena cava. Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2009; 2:162-4. [PMID: 20808632 PMCID: PMC2922667 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2069.58321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) using various occluders and coils via femoral vein is a well established therapeutic option. However, in patients with interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) it is not feasible to close the PDA percutaneously using traditional methods. We present a nine-year-old girl with IVC interruption in whom percutaneous closure of PDA was successfully accomplished via the transjugular approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nehal H Patel
- Department of Cardiology, U N Mehta Institute of Cardiology & Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Tarun H Madan
- Department of Cardiology, U N Mehta Institute of Cardiology & Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Amar M Panchal
- Department of Cardiology, U N Mehta Institute of Cardiology & Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Bhavesh M Thakkar
- Department of Cardiology, U N Mehta Institute of Cardiology & Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Yan C, Zhao S, Jiang S, Xu Z, Huang L, Zheng H, Ling J, Wang C, Wu W, Hu H, Zhang G, Ye Z, Wang H. Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension in adults. Heart 2006; 93:514-8. [PMID: 16954130 PMCID: PMC1861497 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2006.091215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension in adults carries higher risk than in children. OBJECTIVES To investigate the application of self-expandable occluders for transcatheter closure of PDA associated with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension in adults, and the assessment of immediate and short-term results. METHODS 29 adult patients (6 men, 23 women) underwent attempted transcatheter closure of PDA at a mean (standard deviation (SD)) age of 31.1 (11.4) years (range 18-58 years) and a mean (SD) weight of 54.1 (7.1) kg (range 42-71 kg). On the basis of haemodynamic and clinical data obtained before and after trial occlusion, the final duct occlusion was determined and carried out. Radiographs of the chest, electrocardiograms and echocardiograms were used for follow-up evaluation of the treatment within 1 day, 1 month and 3-6 months after successful closure. RESULTS 20 of the 29 patients had successful occlusion (group 1), and 9 patients failed (named group 2). In group 1, in which occlusion was successful, mean (SD) pulmonary arterial pressures decreased markedly after trial occlusion: 78 (19.3) mm Hg (range 50-125 mm Hg) before occlusion and 41 (13.8) mm Hg (range 23-77 mm Hg) after occlusion. Systemic arterial oxygen saturation was found to be >90% in 19 patients and <90% in the remaining patient before inhalation of oxygen, and >95% during inhalation of oxygen or after occlusion in all 20 patients. In group 2, the occlusion was not successful, because in two patients the device was not available; another two patients showed worsening of symptoms. The other five patients showed increased pulmonary arterial pressures after trial closure; their mean (SD) pulmonary arterial pressures increased by 10.3 (6) mm Hg (4-16 mm Hg) after trial occlusion, and systemic arterial oxygen saturation was 85.5% (2.6%) (range 82.6-88%) before inhalation of oxygen and 94.7% (1.7%) (range 90.7-99.1%) during inhalation of oxygen. In group 1, the dimensions of the left atrium, left ventricle and pulmonary artery increased considerably in 3-6-months of follow-up compared with those of preocclusion. CONCLUSIONS Transcatheter closure is an effective treatment for adults with PDA associated with reversible severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. Further research is needed for the evaluation of long-term results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Yan
- Department of Radiology, Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Eerola A, Jokinen E, Boldt T, Pihkala J. The Influence of Percutaneous Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus on Left Ventricular Size and Function. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47:1060-6. [PMID: 16516094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2005] [Revised: 08/23/2005] [Accepted: 10/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the effect of percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) on left ventricular (LV) hemodynamics. BACKGROUND Today, most PDAs are closed percutaneously. Little is known, however, about hemodynamic changes after the procedure. METHODS Of 37 children (ages 0.6 to 10.6 years) taken to the catheterization laboratory for percutaneous PDA closure, the PDA was closed in 33. Left ventricular diastolic and systolic dimensions, volumes, and function were examined by two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography and serum concentrations of natriuretic peptides measured before PDA closure, on the following day, and 6 months thereafter. Control subjects comprised 36 healthy children of comparable ages. RESULTS At baseline, LV diastolic diameter measured >+2 SD in 5 of 33 patients. In 3D echocardiography, a median LV diastolic volume measured 54.0 ml/m2 in the control subjects and 58.4 ml/m2 (p < 0.05) in the PDA group before closure and 57.2 ml/m2 (p = NS) 6 months after closure. A median N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) concentration measured 72 ng/l in the control group and 141 ng/l in the PDA group before closure (p = 0.001) and 78.5 ng/l (p = NS) 6 months after closure. Patients differed from control subjects in indices of LV systolic and diastolic function at baseline. By the end of follow-up, all these differences had disappeared. Even in the subgroup of patients with normal-sized LV at baseline, the LV diastolic volume decreased significantly during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Changes in LV volume and function caused by PDA disappear by 6 months after percutaneous closure. Even the children with normal-sized LV benefit from the procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Eerola
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Percutaneous closure of huge patent ductus arterious associated with anomalous inferior vein cava drainage and dextrocardia with muscular ventricular septal defect occluder. Chin Med J (Engl) 2006. [DOI: 10.1097/00029330-200601010-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
20
|
Wang JK, Hwang JJ, Chiang FT, Wu MH, Lin MT, Lee WL, Lue HC. A strategic approach to transcatheter closure of patent ductus: Gianturco coils for small-to-moderate ductus and Amplatzer duct occluder for large ductus. Int J Cardiol 2006; 106:10-5. [PMID: 16146660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2004] [Revised: 05/28/2004] [Accepted: 09/04/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of the strategy of transcatheter occlusion with the Gianturco coil for small-to-moderate sized ductus and with Amplatzer duct occluder (ADO) for large ductus. PATIENT AND METHODS For ductus closure, the following strategy was applied: ADO was used in large ductus: infants and young children weighing < 15 kg with a ductus diameter > or = 3 mm and in older children or adults with a ductus diameter > or = 4 mm and coils were employed in patients with small-to-moderate sized ductus. During a 3-year period, this strategy was applied in 136 patients. The results were compared between 214 patients (group I) undergoing ductus closure using only coil before application of this strategy and strategic closure in 136 patients (group II). Each group was divided into 2 subgroups: subgroup A with large ductus and subgroup B with small-to-moderate ductus. There were 54 patients in subgroup IA, 160 in subgroup IB, 33 in subgroup IIA and 103 in subgroup IIB, respectively. RESULTS In group I, PDA occlusion was successful in 207 (96.7%) and failed in 7 (6 of group IA and 1 of group IB). In group II, ductus closure was successful in 134 patients (98.5%) (32/33 with ADO and 102/103 with coils). There was no significant difference in success rate between group I and II. Distal embolization occurred in 19 patients of group I and in 2 of group II, respectively (19/214 vs. 2/136, P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in success rate between group IA and IIA but the distal embolization rate was higher in group IA than IIA (13/54 vs. 1/33, P=0.014). Left pulmonary artery stenosis was found exclusively in 9 patients of group I at the 6-month follow-up (P < 0.05). Nine patients in group I required second intervention to achieve complete occlusion. CONCLUSIONS The strategy of ductus closure worked well by reducing embolization rate, incidence of left pulmonary artery stenosis and the need of second intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jou-Kou Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Penny DJ, Taib R. What's Happening in Paediatric Cardiology? Heart Lung Circ 2004; 13 Suppl 3:S24-30. [PMID: 16352235 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2004.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent decades have witnessed dramatic advances in the care of adults with heart disease. However, equally significant advances have occurred in the care of children. In this review we describe some of the advances, which have been made in the care of children with heart disease, focusing not only on technological advances, but also on developments in team-based care, which together have resulted in significant improvements in outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Penny
- Department of Cardiology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Moore JW, Levi DS, Moore SD, Schneider DJ, Berdjis F. Interventional treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in 2004. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004; 64:91-101. [PMID: 15619281 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.20243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In 2004, the interventional treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is definitive and curative. In current practice, coils are used for smaller PDA, and devices are employed for larger PDA. Developing technologies offer small improvements in control and results, but do not appear to promise major changes in practice. This review summarizes the current and emerging interventional technologies directed at PDA closures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W Moore
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mattel Children's Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Arora R, Sengupta PP, Thakur AK, Mehta V, Trehan V. Device Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus. J Interv Cardiol 2003; 16:385-91. [PMID: 14603796 DOI: 10.1046/j.1540-8183.2003.01005.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Arora
- Department of Cardiology, G.B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Galal MO. Advantages and disadvantages of coils for transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus. J Interv Cardiol 2003; 16:157-63. [PMID: 12768920 DOI: 10.1046/j.1540-8183.2003.08029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Different coils have been used to close the patient ductus arteriosus (PDA). In small- and moderate-sized PDA, coils are an adequate alternative to surgery and/or to other devices. The aim of the study is to review and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using coils (excluding PFM coils PFM Medical, Germany) to close PDA. Cambier was the first to successfully close a PDA using a Gianturco coil. To date, thousands of patients worldwide have undergone transcatheter closure of PDA using this or other types of coils. The use of coils is analyzed with regard to costs in comparison with other therapeutic modalities; techniques--anterograde, retrograde approach, selection of coil size--in relation to the size of the PDA and the available sizes of coils; efficacy of the rate of complete occlusion and the need for reocclusion; and safety in relation to embolization rate, other complications including hemolysis, left pulmonary artery LPA stenosis and coarctation. It is concluded that coils are a cheap alternative for the occlusion of PDA in the small-to-moderate PDA. The technique can be learned quite quickly, it has a high rate of complete occlusion, and has an acceptable rate of safety. The disadvantages include a moderate rate of coil embolization and of hemolysis in patients with residual shunt after coil occlusion in large PDAs. When more than one coil is used, the potential for developing LPA stenosis is high.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Omar Galal
- Cardiovascular Department, MBC J 16, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and RC, P.O. Box 40047, 21499 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rao PS, Bromberg BI, Jureidini SB, Fiore AC. Transcatheter occlusion of ruptured sinus of valsalva aneurysm: innovative use of available technology. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2003; 58:130-4. [PMID: 12508216 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.10394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A 9-year-old boy was found to have ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (RSVA) and aortic coarctation. Following relief of aortic coarctation by balloon angioplasty, transcatheter coil occlusion of the RSVA was performed successfully under transesophageal echocardiographic and fluoroscopic monitoring; bioptome-assisted delivery of 0.052" Gianturco coil was undertaken via a 7 Fr sheath stabilized by an 0.035" guidewire passing through the RSVA and the sheath. This report details the technique of occlusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Syamasundar Rao
- Department of Pediatrics, St Louis University School of Medicine/Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang JK, Liau CS, Huang JJ, Hsu KL, Lo PH, Hung JS, Wu MH, Lee YT. Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus using Gianturco coils in adolescents and adults. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2002; 55:513-8. [PMID: 11948902 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.10090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We present the short- and intermediate-term results of transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus with Gianturco coils in adolescents and adults. During a 5-year period, 55 patients (44 females, 11 males) with ages ranging from 14 to 72 years (median, 23) underwent attempted transcatheter closure of patent ductus with the Gianturco coils. The diameter of the narrowest segment of the ductus ranged from 0.8 to 7.6 mm (3.9 +/- 1.3 mm). The 55 patients were divided into three groups. Group I consisted of nine patients with a ductal diameter < or = 3 mm, group II consisted of 27 patients with a ductal diameter > 3 mm but < or = 4 mm, and group III consisted of 19 patients with a ductal diameter > 4 mm. Four- to five-loop Gianturco coils were used, which were deployed via retrograde aortic route. Multiple-coil technique was generally applied in group II patients. Balloon occlusion technique in combination with multiple-coil technique was generally used in group III patients. Deployment of coil was successful in 51 patients (93%) but failed in 4. The success rate of coil deployment in group I, II, and III were 100% (9/9), 96% (26/27), and 84% (16/19), respectively. A mean of 1.9 +/- 0.7 coils was deployed per patient. Of the four patients with unsuccessful coil deployment, three underwent surgery and one received implantation with Amplatzer duct occluder. Distal embolization of 21 coils occurred in 10 patients (3 in group II and 7 in group III), from whom 20 coils were retrieved with a gooseneck snare and 1 coil was removed during surgery. The mean diameter of ductus in the 10 patients with distal embolization was significantly larger than that in those without (5.2 +/- 1.4 vs. 3.7 +/- 1.1 mm; P < 0.01). Among the 51 patients with successful coil deployment, immediate complete closure was achieved in 20 (39%), while trivial to mild leak was present in 31 (61%). No significant complications were encountered. After a follow-up period ranging from 5 to 42 months, four patients had a small residual shunt and three underwent a second intervention with complete occlusion. None had left pulmonary artery stenosis documented with Doppler echocardiography. Transcatheter closure of ductus with the Gianturco coils is safe and feasible in the majority of adolescents and adults. Taking high embolization rate in patients with a ductus diameter > 4 mm into consideration, controlled-release coils, Buttoned device, or Amplatzer duct occluder can be a better choice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jou-Kou Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Thanopoulos BD, Tsaousis GS, Djukic M, Al Hakim F, Eleftherakis NG, Simeunovic SD. Transcatheter closure of high pulmonary artery pressure persistent ductus arteriosus with the Amplatzer muscular ventricular septal defect occluder. Heart 2002; 87:260-3. [PMID: 11847167 PMCID: PMC1767051 DOI: 10.1136/heart.87.3.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The design of devices currently used for closure of persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with high pulmonary artery pressure is not ideal and there is a risk of embolisation into the aorta. OBJECTIVE To investigate the use of the Amplatzer muscular ventricular septal defect occluder (AMVSDO) for treatment of PDA with high pulmonary artery pressure. PATIENTS AND DESIGN Seven patients, aged 5-12 years, with large PDAs and systemic or near systemic pulmonary artery pressure underwent attempted transcatheter closure using the AMVSDO. The device consists of two low profile disks made of a nitinol wire mesh with a 7 mm connecting waist. Balloon occlusion of the duct was performed before closure from the venous side, and prosthesis size was chosen according to the measured diameter of the occluding balloon. A 7 French sheath was used to deliver the device. All patients underwent a complete haemodynamic and angiographic study one year after occlusion. RESULTS The mean (SD) angiographic PDA diameter was 9.8 (1.7) mm (range 7-13 mm) and the mean AMVSDO diameter was 11.4 (1.8) mm (range 9-16 mm). Q(p)/Q(s) ranged from 1.9-2.2 (mean 2.0 (0.1)). Successful device delivery and complete closure occurred in all patients (100% occlusion rate, 95% confidence interval 59.04% to 100.00%). Mean systolic pulmonary artery pressures were as follows: before balloon occlusion, 106 (13) mm Hg; during occlusion, 61 (6) mm Hg; immediately after the procedure, 57 (5) mm Hg; and at the one year follow up catheterisation, 37 (10) mm Hg. Fluoroscopy time was 10.4 (4.3) min (range 7-18 min). No complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS AMVSDO is an important adjunct for closure of large PDAs associated with high pulmonary artery pressure. Further studies are required to document its efficacy, safety, and long term results in a larger number of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B D Thanopoulos
- Department of Cardiology, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Salamat M, Brown PR, Magee CA, Reyes DK, Peters DN, Venbrux AC. Experimental evaluation of a new transcatheter vascular embolization device in the swine model. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2002; 13:301-12. [PMID: 11875090 DOI: 10.1016/s1051-0443(07)61724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate a new transcatheter device suitable for arterial embolization in an animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS A new prototype self-expanding braided embolic device (Embolizor), consisting of nitinol wire strands fixed at either end with platinum-iridium bands and covered with a film of polyethylene, was deployed through 5-F diagnostic catheters into renal artery branches in five swine. Standard stainless-steel spring coils were deployed in other renal branches and served as controls. The animals underwent follow-up selective renal arteriography to determine presence or absence of vessel recanalization or device migration 15-23 days after device deployment. Histopathologic evaluation of target vessels and peripheral renal parenchyma was also performed. RESULTS Ten Embolizors and 10 stainless-steel coils were deployed in arteries ranging in size from 1.8 to 3.0 mm in diameter. The Embolizor was easily and precisely deployed. Angiographic evidence of vascular occlusion in the Embolizor group was noted within 30 seconds in eight device deployments and within 5 minutes in two. No early or delayed device migration was noted on follow-up arteriography. In the control group, seven of 10 previously occluded arteries were recanalized. No recanalization was noted in the Embolizor group. Light microscopy revealed evidence of infarction in all specimens examined. Whereas three specimens in the Embolizor group contained occasional giant cells, there were numerous multinucleated giant cells present within the interstices of all control spring coils. CONCLUSION The Embolizor was easily, precisely, and successfully deployed through standard selective diagnostic angiographic catheters. Short-term follow-up demonstrated no recanalization or migration of the device. The Embolizor was shown on histopathologic analysis to have no significant foreign body reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Salamat
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Formigari R, Toscano A, Herraiz I, Bialkowski J, Donti A, Picchio FM, Bermudez-Cañete R, Ballerini L. Late follow-up of occlusion of the patent ductus arteriosus with the Rashkind device with emphasis on long-term efficacy and risk for infections. Am J Cardiol 2001; 88:586-8. [PMID: 11524079 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(01)01749-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Formigari
- Pediatric Cardiology, University of Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Thanopoulos BD, Hakim FA, Hiari A, Tsaousis GS, Paphitis C, Hijazi ZM. Patent ductus arteriosus equipment and technique. Amplatzer duct occluder: intermediate-term follow-up and technical considerations. J Interv Cardiol 2001; 14:247-54. [PMID: 12053313 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8183.2001.tb00743.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Between May 1997 and June 2000, 69 patients, ages 0.1 to 34 years, underwent attempted anterograde transcatheter closure of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) using the Amplatzer Duct Occluder (ADO). The ADO is a cone-shaped, self-centering, and repositionable occluder made of nitinol wire mesh. A 5Fr to 7Fr sheath was used for the delivery of the device. The mean PDA diameter (at the pulmonary end) was 4.6 +/- 1.9 mm (range 1 mm-8.5 mm). Sixty-seven of the 69 patients had successful device placement. The mean ADO smallest diameter was 6.9 +/- 1.8 mm (range 4 mm-12 mm). Complete angiographic closure occurred in 62 (92.5%) of 67 patients (95% confidence interval, 88.22%-98.77%). In five patients, there was a trivial residual shunt immediately after the procedure. At 24 hours, color Doppler flow imaging revealed complete closure in all 67 (100%) patients. The unsuccessful attempts occurred in two patients with a small, 1-mm diameter native PDA and residual PDA after surgical occlusion. Fluoroscopy time was 7.6 +/- 1.8 minutes (4 min-18 min). No complications were observed. At a median follow-up of 1.5 years (range 0.25 to 3.2 years), all patients had complete closure without complications. We conclude that transcatheter closure using the ADO is a highly effective and safe treatment for most patients with PDA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B D Thanopoulos
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Thivon & Levadias Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Affiliation(s)
- R Arora
- Department of Cardiology, GB Pant Hospital, New Delhi 110001, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sideris EB, Rao PS, Zamora R. The Sideris buttoned devices for transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus. J Interv Cardiol 2001; 14:239-46. [PMID: 12053312 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8183.2001.tb00742.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the experience in the last decade with Sideris buttoned devices for occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The devices used were the regular buttoned device, the infant buttoned device, the device with the folding plug, and the wireless device. The buttoned devices were implanted transvenously and introduced through 7Fr-8Fr long sheaths for PDAs up to 12 mm; wireless devices required 9Fr-11Fr sheaths for PDAs up to 22 mm. All different shapes of ductus were occluded. The records of 356 patients in the international and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) supervised United States (US) clinical trials were reviewed. Despite excellent long-term full occlusion rates and the absence of significant complications with the regular buttoned device, modifications were necessary to improve the full occlusion rates in 24 hours. The 24-hour rates improved from 60% with the regular device to 85% with the folding plug device. Most residual shunts disappeared on long-term follow-up without significant complications. Wireless devices were developed for very large PDAs and have excellent occlusion rates. The buttoned device with the incorporated folding plug and the wireless devices are currently under clinical trial. The safety record of the new devices needs to be established with larger clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E B Sideris
- Athenian Institute of Pediatric Cardiology, Athens, Greece
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Demkow M, Ruzyllo W, Siudalska H, Kepka C. Transcatheter closure of a 16 mm hypertensive patent ductus arteriosus with the Amplatzer muscular VSD occluder. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2001; 52:359-62. [PMID: 11246253 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
There is little experience with transcatheter closure of very large, hypertensive patent ductus arteriosus. We present a case of successful closure of a 16 mm ductus with the Amplatzer VSD occluder, a device originally designed for transcatheter closure of congenital muscular ventricular septal defects. To our best knowledge this is the largest ductus ever closed by an interventional technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Demkow
- Department of General Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ebeid MR, Masura J, Hijazi ZM. Early experience with the Amplatzer ductal occluder for closure of the persistently patent ductus arteriosus. J Interv Cardiol 2001; 14:33-6. [PMID: 12053324 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8183.2001.tb00708.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Using an Amplatzer duct occluder, 106 patients (weight 21 +/- 18 kg) underwent an attempt at catheter closure of a persistently patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Their age ranged from 22 days to 48 years. The PDA measured between 1.2 to 8.1 mm at its narrowest diameter. The device was successfully implanted in 105 patients. The immediate closure rate was 70% and gradually increased to 100% at 1-month follow-up. There was no clinical evidence of hemolysis and no incidence of device embolization or bacterial arteritis. Doppler evaluation showed no evidence of aortic arch or pulmonary artery obstruction. The device, which is currently undergoing multicenter clinical trial in the United States, is proving to be a safe and effective device for closure of the persistently PDA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M R Ebeid
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Rao PS, Sideris EB. Centering-on-demand buttoned device: its role in transcatheter occlusion of atrial septal defects. J Interv Cardiol 2001; 14:81-9. [PMID: 12053333 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8183.2001.tb00717.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the initial design and description of the buttoned device, it has undergone a number of design changes. Introduction of radiopacity in the knot (button) made it easier to visualize and document that buttoning has indeed occurred. Introduction of two buttons has markedly decreased the unbuttoning rate with potential for eliminating it. A centering mechanism was then incorporated into the device, which allowed closure of larger defects and use of smaller-sized devices. For some unknown reason, unbuttoning rate no longer occurs since the introduction of this device. The centering-on-demand (COD) device also appears to have increased the effective occlusion rates. At the present time, however, no long-term follow-up data are available to assess the long-term efficacy of the new device. Experience in a larger number of patients and evaluation of follow-up data are necessary to confirm the safety and efficacy observed in the small cohort reported in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P S Rao
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine/Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different types of coils have been designed for transcatheter closure of persistent arterial ducts. We compared the efficacy and safety of three types of coils: Gianturco coils (Cook), Cook detachable coils (Cook), and Duct Occlud devices (pfm). METHODS Sixty-three patients underwent coil occlusion of arterial ducts between April 1995 and July 2000. The mean age and weight were 4.8+/-3.4 years and 16.5+/-7.6 kg, respectively. The results and complications of ductal occlusion among the three types of coils were compared. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess reduction in the prevalence of residual shunt with time, and multiple regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of complete occlusion. RESULTS Coil occlusion of persistent arterial ducts that measured 2. 2 +/- 0.8 mm was feasible in 90% (57/63) of patients. Gianturco coils were used in 29, Duct Occlud devices in 16, and Cook detachable coils in 12 patients. The prevalence of residual shunt at 24 hours, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months was 42%, 20%, 18%, and 14%, respectively. The reduction in prevalence of residual shunt with time tended to be greater when Gianturco coils were used (P =. 067). Logistic regression identified the use of Gianturco coils to be a significant predictor of complete ductal occlusion on follow-up (P =.04). Pull-through of coils occurred in 4.8% (3/63) and coil embolization in 6.3% (4/63). There was no association between the type of coil and the risk of embolization (P = 1.00). CONCLUSIONS Transcatheter occlusion of small persistent arterial ducts with coils is safe and effective. There is no advantage of detachable coils (Cook detachable coils and Duct Occlud devices) over nondetachable Gianturco coils in reducing the risk of embolization. Our findings are in favor of the inexpensive, but more effective, Gianturco coils for occluding small arterial ducts of 3 mm or less.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Cheung
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Grantham Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
Thanopoulos BD, Hakim FA, Hiari A, Goussous Y, Basta E, Zarayelyan AA, Tsaousis GS. Further experience with transcatheter closure of the patent ductus arteriosus using the Amplatzer duct occluder. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35:1016-21. [PMID: 10732903 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(99)00626-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to report further experience with transcatheter closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) using the Amplatzer duct occluder (ADO). BACKGROUND The design of previously used devices is not ideal for this purpose, and their use has been associated with several drawbacks, especially in large PDAs. METHODS Forty-three patients, aged 0.3 to 33 years (mean 6.4+/-6.7 years), with a moderate to large, type A to E PDA, underwent attempted transcatheter closure using the ADO. The device is a plug-shaped repositionable occluder made of 0.004-in. nitinol wire mesh. It is delivered through a 5F to 6F long sheath. The mean PDA diameter (at the pulmonary end) was 3.9+/-1.2 mm (range 2.2 to 8 mm). All patients had color flow echocardiographic follow-up (6 to 24 months) at 24 h, 1 and 3 months after closure, and at 6-month intervals thereafter. RESULTS The mean ADO diameter was 6.1+/-1.4 mm (range 4 to 10 mm). Complete angiographic closure was seen in 40 of 43 patients (93%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 85.4% to 100%). The remaining three patients had a trivial angiographic shunt through the ADO. At 24 h, color flow mapping revealed no shunt in all patients. A 9F long sheath was required for repositioning of a misplaced 8-mm device into the pulmonary artery. The mean fluoroscopy time was 7.9+/-1.6 min (range 4.6 to 12 min). There were no complications. No obstruction of the descending aorta or the pulmonary artery branches was noted on Doppler follow-up studies. Neither thromboembolization nor hemolysis or device failure was encountered. CONCLUSIONS Transcatheter closure using the ADO is an effective and safe therapy for the majority of patients with patency of the arterial duct. Further studies are required to establish long-term results in a larger patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B D Thanopoulos
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Alcíbar Villa J, García Fernández E, Gutiérrez-Larraya Aguado F, Moreno Granado F, Pan Alvarez-Osorio M, Santos de Soto J. [Guidelines of clinical practice of the Spanish Society of Cardiology. Requirements and equipment of invasive techniques in pediatric cardiology: clinical application]. Rev Esp Cardiol 1999; 52:688-707. [PMID: 10523881 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-8932(99)74990-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Invasive techniques in pediatric cardiology have experienced a big change since the 80's. The growth of non-invasive methods for diagnosing congenital heart defects has made the number of diagnostic catheterizations decrease remarkably. On the other hand, the notable development of pediatric interventional catheterization techniques will allow that, in the near future, the number of therapeutic catheterizations overcomes the diagnostic ones in our country. The former are more difficult and dangerous, so they require experienced and skilled hands and more economic resources. This chapter is divided in three main sections: I) Requirements and equipment needed for pediatric invasive techniques; II) Current indications, contraindications and complications of the diagnostic catheterization, and III) Techniques, indications and results of pediatric therapeutic catheterization: current state. Likewise, we state the suitability or not for these therapeutic procedures in different cardiac anomalies.
Collapse
|