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Chung SM, Chang MC. Cadmium exposure and thyroid hormone disruption: a systematic review and meta-analysis. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2023; 0:reveh-2023-0122. [PMID: 38142367 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This meta-analysis aimed to analyze the effect of cadmium (Cd) exposure on thyroid hormone disruption. CONTENT Databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched for studies published up to December 14, 2022. Studies evaluating the association between Cd exposure (blood Cd [BCd] or urine Cd [UCd]) and thyroid function (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH], free thyroxine [FT4], total triiodothyronine [TT3]) or thyroid autoimmunity (thyroglobulin antibody [TgAb] or thyroperoxidase Ab [TPOAb]) were included. SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK This systematic review included 12 cross-sectional studies. Cd exposure showed a neutral association with TSH (pooled correlation=0.016, 95 % confidence interval [CI]=-0.013 to 0.045, p=0.277), FT4 (pooled correlation=0.028, 95 % CI=-0.005 to 0.061, p=0.098), and thyroid autoimmunity (pooled odds ratio=1.143, 95 % CI=0.820-1.591, p=0.430). However, Cd exposure showed a positive association with TT3 (pooled correlation=0.065, 95 % CI=0.050-0.080, p<0.001), which was consistent with the BCd and UCd subgroup analyses (pooled correlation=0.053 and 0.081, respectively, both p<0.001). Cd exposure was not associated with TSH, FT4, or thyroid autoimmunity but tended to increase with TT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Min Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Cheol Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Dose-Dependent Cytotoxicity of Polypropylene Microplastics (PP-MPs) in Two Freshwater Fishes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213878. [PMID: 36430357 PMCID: PMC9692651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The massive accumulation of plastics over the decades in the aquatic environment has led to the dispersion of plastic components in aquatic ecosystems, invading the food webs. Plastics fragmented into microplastics can be bioaccumulated by fishes via different exposure routes, causing several adverse effects. In the present study, the dose-dependent cytotoxicity of 8−10 μm polypropylene microplastics (PP-MPs), at concentrations of 1 mg/g (low dose) and 10 mg/g dry food (high dose), was evaluated in the liver and gill tissues of two fish species, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) and the freshwater perch (Perca fluviatilis). According to our results, the inclusion of PP-MPs in the feed of D. rerio and P. fluviatilis hampered the cellular function of the gills and hepatic cells by lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, protein ubiquitination, apoptosis, autophagy, and changes in metabolite concentration, providing evidence that the toxicity of PP-MPs is dose dependent. With regard to the individual assays tested in the present study, the biggest impact was observed in DNA damage, which exhibited a maximum increase of 18.34-fold in the liver of D. rerio. The sensitivity of the two fish species studied differed, while no clear tissue specificity in both fish species was observed. The metabolome of both tissues was altered in both treatments, while tryptophan and nicotinic acid exhibited the greatest decrease among all metabolites in all treatments in comparison to the control. The battery of biomarkers used in the present study as well as metabolomic changes could be suggested as early-warning signals for the assessment of the aquatic environment quality against MPs. In addition, our results contribute to the elucidation of the mechanism induced by nanomaterials on tissues of aquatic organisms, since comprehending the magnitude of their impact on aquatic ecosystems is of great importance.
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Rasool M, Malik A, Saleem S, Ashraf MAB, Khan AQ, Waquar S, Zahid A, Shaheen S, Abu-Elmagd M, Gauthaman K, Pushparaj PN. Role of Oxidative Stress and the Identification of Biomarkers Associated With Thyroid Dysfunction in Schizophrenics. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:646287. [PMID: 33995058 PMCID: PMC8118265 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.646287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Schizophrenia is associated with a deficiency of dietary antioxidants like vitamin B6, B9, and B12 resulting in defective methylation leading to hyperhomocysteinemia. Hyperhomocysteinemia causes mitochondrial DNA damage, oxidative stress, vascular damage, and lipid peroxidation. Oxidative stress and increase in reactive oxygen species result in 8-oxodG production which induces apoptosis of both astrocytes and thyrocytes thus predisposing them to thyroid dysfunction and neurodegeneration. Furthermore, the presence of excessive free radicals increases thyroid thermogenesis causing hyperthyroidism or its excess may cause hypothyroidism by inhibiting iodide uptake. In the present study, we evaluated the various biomarkers associated with thyroid dysfunction in schizophrenics. Materials and Methods: 288 patients suffering from schizophrenia and 100 control subjects were screened for liver function tests (LFTs) such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin (TB). Also, the stress markers, namely malondialdehyde (MDA), homocysteine, cysteine, methionine, the thyroid profile including triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine peroxide antibody (TPO-Ab); TSH receptor-Ab (TSHr-Ab), dietary antioxidants, lipids, cytokines, aminoacids and hormones, vitamins and trace elements, and other biochemical parameters. Results: The LFTs showed elevated levels of ALT (45.57 ± 4.87 Vs. 26.41 ± 3.76 U/L), AST (40.55 ± 1.34 Vs. 21.92 ± 3.65 U/L), ALP (121.54 ± 4.87 Vs. 83.76 ± 5.87 U/L), and total bilirubin (2.63 ± 0.987 Vs. 1.10 ± 0.056 mg/dl), in schizophrenics than controls. Increased levels of MDA (3.71 ± 0.967 Vs. 1.68 ± 0.099) and homocysteine (17.56 ± 2.612 Vs. 6.96 ± 1.987 μmol/L were observed in schizophrenics compared to the controls, indicating increased stress. Levels of cysteine and methionine were decreased in schizophrenics than the controls (1.08 ± 0.089 Vs. 4.87 ± .924 μmol/L and 17.87 ± 1.23 Vs. 99.20 ± 5.36 μmol/L). The levels of TPO-Ab (IU/ml), Tg-Ab (pmol/L), and TSHr-Ab (IU/L) were observed to be higher in the patients' group as compared to control subjects (9.84 ± 2.56 Vs. 5.81 ± 1.98, 55.50 ± 2.98 Vs. 32.95 ± 2.87 and 2.95 ± 0.0045 Vs. 1.44 ± 0.0023 respectively). Levels of Vitamin B6, B9, and B12 were also significantly decreased in the patients compared to the healthy controls. Conclusion: The schizophrenics, demonstrated altered liver function, increased stress markers, and decreased dietary antioxidants. Reduced primary and secondary antioxidant levels, may result in hyperhomocysteinemia and cause further DNA and mitochondrial damage. Therefore, homocysteine and/or prolactin levels may serve as candidate prognostic markers for schizophrenia. Also, both neurological symptoms and the susceptibility to thyroid disorders may be prevented in the initial stages of this debilitating disorder by appropriate dietary supplementation of antioxidants which can rectify a reduction in primary and secondary antioxidants, and disturbed prolactin-serotonin-dopamine interactions in schizophrenics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Rasool
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shamaila Saleem
- University College of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Altaf Qadir Khan
- Department of Psychiatry, Ameer-Ud-Din Medical College, Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sulayman Waquar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Zahid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Shaheen
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abu-Elmagd
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kalamegam Gauthaman
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peter Natesan Pushparaj
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Espín S, Sánchez-Virosta P. A review of metal-induced effects on vitamins A, E and D3 in birds. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:1-16. [PMID: 33151447 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Birds have been historically affected by metals and are considered powerful sentinels of environmental pollution. Some toxic elements (Pb, Cd, Hg, As) have been broadly studied in avian species and are well known for their accumulation capacity and deleterious effects, including alterations in vitamin levels. Vitamins A, E and D3 are fat-soluble nutrients involved in multiple physiological functions (e.g., immune function, vision, reproduction, growth and development). Publications reporting metal-induced effects on vitamins in birds are growing and, in some cases, results seem contradictory, making them difficult to interpret. Therefore, a clear view of the overall picture is needed. This mini-review article aims to compile relevant data and describe current knowledge on the effects of the most toxic elements (i.e., Pb, Cd, Hg, As) on vitamins A, E and D3 in birds. Although vitamins are diet dependent, they are strongly regulated and transformed in the organism, and metal-related disruption in their homeostasis may provoke alterations in different directions. Moreover, vitamin status and form in vivo is the result of complex interacting processes in the organism and metal exposure may produce cascade effects. Different factors that may contribute to the variable response of vitamins to metals in birds are discussed. Some final remarks and recommendations are provided for future studies. This mini-review shows an overview of the current knowledge in metal-induced alterations in vitamins of special concern for avian ecotoxicology, a research discipline facing important challenges in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Espín
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Socio-Sanitary Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Pablo Sánchez-Virosta
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Socio-Sanitary Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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Olgun O, Yildiz A, Şahin A. Evaluation of dietary presence or use of cadmium in poultry. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2020.1729669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Olgun
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - A.O. Yildiz
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - A. Şahin
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kirsehir Ahi Evran, Kirsehir, Turkey
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Ruuskanen S, Espín S, Sánchez-Virosta P, Sarraude T, Hsu BY, Pajunen P, Costa RA, Eens M, Hargitai R, Török J, Eeva T. Transgenerational endocrine disruption: Does elemental pollution affect egg or nestling thyroid hormone levels in a wild songbird? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 247:725-735. [PMID: 30721863 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) include a wide array of pollutants, such as some metals and other toxic elements, which may cause changes in hormonal homeostasis. In addition to affecting physiology of individuals directly, EDCs may alter the transfer of maternal hormones to offspring, i.e. causing transgenerational endocrine disruption. However, such effects have been rarely studied, especially in wild populations. We studied the associations between environmental elemental pollution (As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb) and maternally-derived egg thyroid hormones (THs) as well as nestling THs in great tits (Parus major) using extensive sampling of four pairs of polluted and reference populations across Europe (Finland, Belgium, Hungary, Portugal). Previous studies in these populations showed that breeding success, nestling growth and adult and nestling physiology were altered in polluted zones compared to reference zones. We sampled non-incubated eggs to measure maternally-derived egg THs, measured nestling plasma THs and used nestling faeces for assessing local elemental exposure. We also studied whether the effect of elemental pollution on endocrine traits is dependent on calcium (Ca) availability (faecal Ca as a proxy) as low Ca increases toxicity of some elements. Birds in the polluted zones were exposed to markedly higher levels of toxic elements than in reference zones at the populations in Finland, Belgium and Hungary. In contrast to our predictions, we did not find any associations between overall elemental pollution, or individual element concentrations and egg TH and nestling plasma TH levels. However, we found some indication that the effect of metals (Cd and Cu) on egg THs is dependent on Ca availability. In summary, our results suggest that elemental pollution at the studied populations is unlikely to cause overall TH disruption and affect breeding via altered egg or nestling TH levels with the current elemental pollution loads. Associations with Ca availability should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi Ruuskanen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.
| | - Silvia Espín
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland; Area of Toxicology, Department of Socio-Sanitary Sciences, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Campus de Espínardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Sánchez-Virosta
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland; Area of Toxicology, Department of Socio-Sanitary Sciences, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Campus de Espínardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Tom Sarraude
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland; GELIFES, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bin-Yan Hsu
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Piia Pajunen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Rute A Costa
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marcel Eens
- Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Rita Hargitai
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Török
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tapio Eeva
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
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Li J, Liu Y, Kong D, Ren S, Li N. T-screen and yeast assay for the detection of the thyroid-disrupting activities of cadmium, mercury, and zinc. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:9843-9851. [PMID: 26856863 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a two-hybrid yeast bioassay and a T-screen were used to screen for the thyroid receptor (TR)-disrupting activity of select metallic compounds (CdCl2, ZnCl2, HgCl2, CuSO4, MnSO4, and MgSO4). The results reveal that none of the tested metallic compounds showed TR-agonistic activity, whereas ZnCl2, HgCl2, and CdCl2 demonstrated TR antagonism. For the yeast assay, the dose-response relationship of these metallic compounds was established, and the concentrations producing 20 % of the maximum effect of ZnCl2, HgCl2, and CdCl2 were 9.1 × 10(-5), 3.2 × 10(-6), and 1.2 × 10(-6) mol/L, respectively. The T-screen also supported the finding that ZnCl2, HgCl2, and CdCl2 decreased the cell proliferation at concentrations ranging from 10(-6) to 10(-4) mol/L. Furthermore, the thyroid-disrupting activity of metallic compounds in environmental water samples collected from the Guanting Reservoir, Beijing, China was evaluated. Solid-phase extraction was used to separate the organic extracts, and a modified two-hybrid yeast bioassay revealed that the metallic compounds in the water samples could affect thyroid hormone-induced signaling by decreasing the binding of the thyroid hormone. The addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (30 mg/L) could eliminate the effects. Thus, the cause(s) of the thyroid toxicity in the water samples appeared to be partly related to the metallic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Yun Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Dongdong Kong
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shujuan Ren
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China
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Luo J, Hendryx M. Relationship between blood cadmium, lead, and serum thyroid measures in US adults - the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2014; 24:125-36. [PMID: 23782348 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2013.800962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Experimental studies have shown that both cadmium (Cd) and lead have potent endocrine disrupting activity. However, studies on whether these heavy metals disrupt thyroid system in humans, especially in general populations with low levels of exposure, are sparse. The study analyzed 6,231 participants aged 20 and older with measurements from 2007-2010 of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to investigate whether whole blood Cd and lead level are associated with serum thyroid hormones measures. Our study suggests that thyroid function may be disrupted by both Cd and lead exposures in the general population and the specific roles of Cd and lead exposure on thyroid axis may differ by sex. However, the mechanisms by which these heavy metals may disrupt thyroid system function in general population needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhua Luo
- a Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Indiana University - Bloomington , 1025 E. Seventh Street, Bloomington, 47405 , IN , USA
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Buha A, Antonijević B, Bulat Z, Jaćević V, Milovanović V, Matović V. The impact of prolonged cadmium exposure and co-exposure with polychlorinated biphenyls on thyroid function in rats. Toxicol Lett 2013; 221:83-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.06.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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