Sarcomas in the Elderly

Osteogenic sarcoma (osteosarcoma) in the elderly: tumor delineation and predisposing conditions

Osteogenic sarcoma (OS), the most common primary bone cancer, is conventionally a primary intramedullary (conventional OS) high-grade malignant tumor characterized by malignant cells forming immature bone or osteoid. The age distribution data for primary bone sarcomas are bimodal. OS is largely a disease of the young but about one-third of OS occurs in patients over 40 years of age. Thus, though considered as rare occurrences, bone tumors occur also in the geriatric population. In this report, tumor delineation and the significance of predisposing conditions to the occurrence of OS are reviewed.

Surgical management of malignant soft tissue tumours in patients aged 65 years or older

OBJECTIVE

With the aim to determine the most effective treatment for primary malignant musculoskeletal tumours in patients aged 65 years or older, we reviewed cases of low- and high-grade neoplasms, surgical margins, surgical methods, and the prognoses of elderly and aged patients at our institution.

METHODS

Records of 25 patients aged 65 years or older who had malignant soft tissue tumours from December 1986 to February 1997 were reviewed. Low- and high-grade neoplasms accounted for 8 and 17 patients, respectively. 11 patients were aged 65 to 69 years, while 14 were 70 years or older. Surgical margins were wide in 19 cases, marginal in 4, and intralesional in 2. Reconstruction was done using 6 musculocutaneous flaps and/or 4 vessel grafts. As adjuvant therapy, radiotherapy was used in 5 cases and chemotherapy in 3. There was no recurrence in patients with wide surgical margins (determined on the basis of gross inspection of the excised tumour and the cut surface); but there was recurrence in 4 patients with marginal margins, and one patient with intralesional margin. Two patients with intralesional, 4 with marginal, and 2 with wide margins, died from recurrence at the primary site and metastasis, or from metastasis without recurrence at the primary site.

RESULTS

Follow-up periods ranged from 4 months to 180 months (mean, 91.6 months). The overall 5-year survival rate was 79.6%; for low- and high-grade neoplasms, the figures were 100% and 69.7%, respectively; for those aged 65 to 69 years and in their 70's or older, the figures were 90.9% and 70.1%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

For geriatric patients, wide surgical margins are required to manage both low- and high-grade neoplasms, in order to avoid multiple surgeries.