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Pligina KL, Zhanataev AK, Anisina EA, Daugel-Dauge NO, Durnev AD. Comet assay on one- and two-cell mouse embryos. Toxicol Lett 2020; 331:124-129. [PMID: 32534006 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage quantified as the comet tail length was assessed using in vitro and in vivo comet assay on one- and two-cell mouse embryos obtained by natural mating. The use of a protocol with three layers of agarose reduces the embryo loss and makes it possible to study a small number of embryos. A significantly lower level of basal, but not induced DNA damage was found in embryos with cleaved zona pellucida compared to embryos with intact zona pellucida. There were no significant differences in the length of the comet's tail between embryos lysed in different lysis solutions, both in cases of basal and induced DNA damage. A significant increase in the comet tail length was detected in one-cell embryos of mice treated with methyl methanesulfonate and etoposide compared to the control. The data show that DNA damage induced in maternal germ cells persists, which can be detected in embryos using the comet assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira L Pligina
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Mutagenesis, FSBI Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Baltiyskaya str. 8, 125315, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Aliy K Zhanataev
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Mutagenesis, FSBI Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Baltiyskaya str. 8, 125315, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Elena A Anisina
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Mutagenesis, FSBI Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Baltiyskaya str. 8, 125315, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Natalya O Daugel-Dauge
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Mutagenesis, FSBI Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Baltiyskaya str. 8, 125315, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Andrey D Durnev
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Mutagenesis, FSBI Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Baltiyskaya str. 8, 125315, Moscow, Russia.
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Giarma E, Mpampali Z, Lialiaris T, Mourelatos D. Cytoprotective and genotoxic effects of vitamins K1 and B1 on irinotecan in vitro. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 837:60-64. [PMID: 30595211 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cultured human lymphocytes were treated with vitamins K1 and B1, potential anticancer agents, either alone or in combination with irinotecan, a semisynthetic analogue of camptothecin. The frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) was measured as an indicator of genotoxicity and the proliferation rate index (PRI) and mitotic index (MI) was measured as indicators of cytostatic effect. Vitamin K1 alone did not induce SCEs at the concentrations tested and combined with irinotecan does not increase SCE rates induced by irinotecan alone. Vitamin B1 significantly increased SCEs and, in combination with irinotecan, increased rates further (p < 0.05). Vitamin K1 decreased PRI and MI in combination with irinotecan, there were further increases in MI. At a low concentration, vitamin B1 reduced the levels of SCE and increased PRI induced by irinotecan. The use of these vitamins in combination with antitumor agents might reduce clinical side effects of the antineoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Giarma
- Laboratory of Genetics, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis 68100, Greece
| | - Zoi Mpampali
- Laboratory of Genetics, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis 68100, Greece
| | - Th Lialiaris
- Laboratory of Genetics, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis 68100, Greece
| | - D Mourelatos
- Lab. of Med. Biol. and Genetics, Medical Faculty, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece.
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Rolland L, Courbiere B, Tassistro V, Sansoni A, Orsière T, Liu W, Di Giorgio C, Perrin J. Comet assay on thawed embryos: An optimized technique to evaluate DNA damage in mouse embryos. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 44:266-272. [PMID: 28712879 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to optimize the CA technique on mammal embryos. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1000 frozen 2-cell embryos from B6CBA mice were used. Based on a literature review, and after checking post-thaw embryo viability, the main outcome measures included: 1) comparison of the embryo recovery rate between 2 CA protocols (2 agarose layers and 3 agarose layers); 2) comparison of DNA damage by the CA on embryos with (ZP+) and without (ZP-) zona pellucida; and 3) comparison of DNA damage in embryos exposed to 2 genotoxic agents (H2O2 and simulated sunlight irradiation (SSI)). DNA damage was quantified by the % tail DNA. RESULTS 1) The recovery rate was 3,3% (n=5/150) with the 2 agarose layers protocol and 71,3% (n=266/371) with the 3 agarose layers protocol. 2) DNA damage did not differ statistically significantly between ZP- and ZP+ embryos (12.60±2.53% Tail DNA vs 11.04±1.50 (p=0.583) for the control group and 49.23±4.16 vs 41.13±4.31 (p=0.182) for the H2O2 group); 3) H2O2 and SSI induced a statistically significant increase in DNA damage compared with the control group (41.13±4.31% Tail DNA, 36.33±3.02 and 11.04±1.50 (p<0.0001)). The CA on mammal embryos was optimized by using thawed embryos, by avoiding ZP removal and by the adjunction of a third agarose layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rolland
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, AP-HM La Conception, Pôle femmes parents enfants, 147 bd Baille, 13005 Marseille, France; Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, Univ Avignon, Marseille, France
| | - B Courbiere
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, AP-HM La Conception, Pôle femmes parents enfants, 147 bd Baille, 13005 Marseille, France; Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, Univ Avignon, Marseille, France.
| | - V Tassistro
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, Univ Avignon, Marseille, France.
| | - A Sansoni
- Centre d'Immunophénomique - CIPHE, PHENOMIN, INSERM US012, CNRS UMS3367, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, France.
| | - T Orsière
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, Univ Avignon, Marseille, France.
| | - W Liu
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, CEREGE UM34, UMR 7330, 13545 Aix en Provence, France.
| | - C Di Giorgio
- Laboratoire de mutagagénèse environnementale, Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France.
| | - J Perrin
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, AP-HM La Conception, Pôle femmes parents enfants, 147 bd Baille, 13005 Marseille, France; Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, Univ Avignon, Marseille, France; CECOS, Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Department of Gynecology, Obstetric and Reproductive Medicine, Pôle femmes parents enfants, AP-HM La Conception, 147 bd Baille, 13005 Marseille, France.
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Valko M, Morris H, Mazúr M, Rapta P, Bilton RF. Oxygen free radical generating mechanisms in the colon: do the semiquinones of vitamin K play a role in the aetiology of colon cancer? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2001; 1527:161-6. [PMID: 11479033 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4165(01)00163-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It is proposed that bile acids (deoxycholic acid), the K vitamins, iron(II) complexes and oxygen interact to induce an oncogenic effect in the colon by the generation of free radicals. In the relatively low oxidising/reducing conditions of the colonic lumen the K vitamins exist in the reduced form; however, if absorbed into the mucosa they have the capacity to be chemically oxidised and to enter into a redox cycle yielding oxygen radicals. The semiquinone radical of K(1) (phylloquinone) has been stabilised in bile acid mixed micelles and investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. The estimated half-life of the radical was about 30 min which confirms a remarkably high stability in aqueous micellar solution. A model is presented in which the reduced K vitamins may initiate superoxide radical, O2(-*) generation leading to Fe(II) mediated Fenton reactions in the stem colon cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Valko
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Slovak Technical University, Bratislava.
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