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Titiz Yurdakal S, Sami Güvenç I, Güngör S. Transient bacteremia following the removal of four different types of rapid palatal expanders. J Orofac Orthop 2024:10.1007/s00056-024-00523-4. [PMID: 38526808 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-024-00523-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE General health related recommendations for prophylactic measures in connection with orthodontic treatments are limited due to the lack of evidence-based data. This study aimed to investigate the development of transient bacteremia following the removal of four types of rapid palatal expanders (RPE). METHODS Seventy-five individuals aged 10-18 years undergoing rapid palatal expansion with four types of RPE were categorized according to the type of RPE used in their treatment: banded tooth-borne (group A (1), n = 17), banded tooth- and tissue-borne (group A (2), n = 17), bonded tooth-borne (group B (1), n = 18), and bonded tooth- and tissue-borne (group B (2), n = 23). Gingival inflammation was assessed using the gingival index one day before RPE removal. Furthermore, samples of blood (5 ml each) were collected before and 3 min after RPE removal. The groups were statistically evaluated for comparability with respect to sex, age, or wear time of the RPE and to the gingival index. In addition, the prevalence of bacteremia in the different groups was evaluated and statistically compared. RESULTS No significant difference was found among the groups (p > 0.05) for sex, age, and RPE wear time. Mean gingival index was higher in group B (2) than in group A (1) (p < 0.05). The prevalence of bacteremia did not differ significantly between groups. Streptococcus species were identified in all bacteremia cases. The bacteremia prevalence of the groups was as follows: group A (1), 11.8%; group A (2), 23.5%; group B (1), 16.7%; and group B (2), 30.4%. CONCLUSION This investigation demonstrated that removal of a RPE could cause bacteremia, but the RPE design did not affect the prevalence of bacteremia. The results of this study support the necessity of prophylaxis measures before RPE removal in indicated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serap Titiz Yurdakal
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey.
| | | | - Serdar Güngör
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Uşak University, Usak, Turkey
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Rahman A, Alqaisi S, Nath J. An Unexpected Outcome of Streptococcus sanguinis Endocarditis Associated With Orthodontic Bracing in a Young Healthy Patient. Cureus 2023; 15:e39864. [PMID: 37404441 PMCID: PMC10315059 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a case of Streptococcus sanguinis endocarditis in a 26-year-old female following orthodontic bracing. The rarity and debilitating consequences of endocarditis caused by Streptococcus sanguinis are elaborated. The patient exhibited severe regurgitation with the eccentric posteriorly directed flow, leading to significant cardiac strain, further accentuated by systolic flow reversal in the right superior pulmonary vein. Surgical intervention, including mitral valve replacement, was crucial in addressing the underlying infection, restoring valve function, and preventing further complications. However, a second mitral valve replacement was performed due to recurrent bioprosthesis endocarditis. This case underscores the unique challenges of Streptococcus sanguinis endocarditis, emphasizing the need for a multidisciplinary approach and individualized decision-making to optimize patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rahman
- Internal Medicine, Mather Hospital, Northwell Health, Port Jefferson, USA
| | - Sura Alqaisi
- Internal Medicine, Memorial Healthcare, Pembroke Pines, USA
| | - Jayant Nath
- Cardiology/Imaging, Memorial Healthcare, Pembroke Pines, USA
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Vandersluis YR, Suri S. Infective endocarditis and orthodontic implications in children: A review of the literature. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2020; 157:19-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Bactériémie après micro-ostéoperforation. Int Orthod 2018; 16:463-469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To find out the presence of bacteremia following micro-osteoperforation. MATERIAL AND METHODS The sample consisted of 28 Class I orthodontic patients (21 women, 7 men; mean age, 18.11±0.4 years). The micro-osteoperforation was performed 4 weeks following bonding of fixed orthodontic appliances. Using aseptic technique, 20-mL blood sample was collected before the micro-osteoperforation and another 20-mL, 60 seconds after the first micro-osteoperforation. The blood was inoculated into culture bottles and incubated at 37°C for 1 week. Bacterial growth was investigated by using Gram staining technique. The results were analysed using the McNemar test. RESULT No significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative samples was found with respect to bacteremia (P=0.229). CONCLUSION Micro-osteoperforation technique is not related to transitory bacteremia.
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Poormoradi B, Tamasoki S, Shahbazi A, Hooshyarfard A, Vahdatinia F, Behgozin F, Tapak L. The comparison of two professional prophylaxis systems in plaque removal and debonding of orthodontic brackets. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 22:414-418. [PMID: 30210190 PMCID: PMC6128127 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_387_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: During orthodontic treatment, patients are expected to undergo consistent periodic prophylaxis as a result of complexities in oral hygiene. The aim of this study was to investigate, analyze, and compare the effectiveness of two professional prophylaxis systems of rubber cup polishing (RCP) and air-powder polishing (APP) in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment based on different levels of plaque and pigment on teeth and the extent of attachment of brackets after prophylaxis. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients were selected for this clinical trial study. A couple of months after the orthodontic treatment, the patients were placed on professional prophylaxis in terms of the plaque index. Randomized cross-arch prophylaxis (right maxilla with left mandible), RCP (left maxilla with right mandible), and APP were carried out on the patients. The main indexes in the study (number of plaque removal and debonding), the work time duration per second, and convenience of patients using visual analog scale in each of the methods were evaluated as minor factors. Data were recorded in a special checklist. Results: The mean of the plaque index and the time spent on RCP were observed to be higher than APP. The average satisfaction rate of patients with RCP was higher than APP. The debonding of the bracket and the tooth was not observed in any of the methods. Conclusion: APP is more efficient than RCP for performing professional prophylaxis of orthodontic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lili Tapak
- Department of Biostatistics, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, School of Public Health and Modeling, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Azeem M, Ul Hamid W, Liaquat A, Mehmood A, Khan MI. Bacteremic capacity of a minimally invasive flapless accelerated orthodontic technique. J World Fed Orthod 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Oeiras VJ, Silva VAAE, Azevedo LA, Lobato VS, Normando D. Survival analysis of banding and bonding molar tubes in adult patients over a 12-month period: a split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Braz Oral Res 2016; 30:e136. [PMID: 28001244 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2016.vol30.0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This split-mouth randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the survival rate of bonding and banding molar tubes in adult orthodontic patients. Eligibility criteria included adults (aged >18 years), no active caries, restorations, or fractures in the upper and lower molars. The main outcome was any type of first-time failure in molar tubes. A computer-generated randomization scheme was used in a 1:1 ratio. The survival rate was estimated for 32 adult patients, in whom a tube was bonded to a molar tooth using composite resin on one side and a band was cemented with glass ionomer onto the same tooth in the contralateral arch. A total of 59 banded and 59 bonded molars were followed up for 12 months. Blinding was not applicable. Survival analysis including Cox regression was used at p < 0.05. The survival rate of bonded molars was not statistically different from that of banded molars (log-rank test, p = 0.97). Hazard ratio (HR) was 0.72 (95%CI, 0.38-1.31). Bonded upper molars yielded a survival rate of 81.25% (26 out of 32) compared to 71.87% (23 out of 32) for banded upper molars. The survival rate was 66.66% (18 out of 27) for banded lower molars and 59.25% for bonded lower molars (16 out of 27). The HR for lower vs. upper arch was 2.16 (95%CI, 1.18-3.98). No serious problem was observed other than gingivitis associated with plaque accumulation. In contrast to previous studies in young patients, in adults, bonding orthodontic tubes to molars is similar to molar banding. However, both procedures had a high failure rate in the lower arch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Jacques Oeiras
- Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Leidiana Aguiar Azevedo
- Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Soares Lobato
- Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - David Normando
- Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Umeh OD, Sanu OO, Utomi IL, Nwaokorie FO. Prévalence et intensité de la bactériémie suite aux interventions orthodontiques. Int Orthod 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Umeh OD, Sanu OO, Utomi IL, Nwaokorie FO. Prevalence and intensity of bacteraemia following orthodontic procedures. Int Orthod 2016; 14:80-94. [PMID: 26897706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a possibility that bacteria may enter the blood stream during some non-surgical manipulation procedures, which include orthodontic treatment procedures (alginate impression taking, separator placement, band cementation, and archwire change). OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and intensity of bacteraemia associated with orthodontic procedures in patients seen at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. METHODOLOGY A total of 100 subjects who presented at the Orthodontic Clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital and who met the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Four orthodontic procedures were investigated: alginate impression taking, separator placement, band cementation and archwire placement. Subjects were randomly placed in one of the four procedure groups. Peripheral blood was collected for microbiologic analysis before the orthodontic procedures and within 2 min of completion of the procedures. The BACTEC automated blood culture system and the lysis filtration method of blood culturing were used for microbiological analysis of the blood samples. The Wilcoxon signed rank test, the McNemar χ(2) test, the Mann-Whitney U-test, and Spearman and point bi-serial correlations were used for statistical evaluation at the P<0.05 level. RESULTS A significant increase in the prevalence and intensity of bacteraemia was observed following separator placement. The predominant bacteria isolated from the blood cultures were Streptococcus viridans and Staphylococcus species. CONCLUSION Separator placement induced the highest levels of bacteraemia. Use of a 0.2% chlorhexidine mouth rinse is recommended prior to separator placement in orthodontic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onyinye Dorothy Umeh
- Department of Child Dental Health, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin Oluyemi Sanu
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Ifeoma Linda Utomi
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
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dos Santos Gerzson DR, Simon D, dos Anjos AL, Freitas MPM. In vitro evaluation of microbial contamination of orthodontic brackets as received from the manufacturer using microbiological and molecular tests. Angle Orthod 2015; 85:992-996. [PMID: 25723070 PMCID: PMC8612033 DOI: 10.2319/100414-711.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the null hypothesis that orthodontic brackets as supplied by manufacturers do not have microbial contamination. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample comprised 140 brackets of four different commercially available brands, used directly from the manufacturer's packaging, divided into 14 groups (n = 10 brackets each). Of the 140 pieces, 60 were full cases and 80 were replacement brackets. Materials were tested to detect bacterial growth, analyze types of bacteria present (biochemical test), and identify bacteria (molecular test with polymerase chain reaction [PCR]). RESULTS In two of 12 groups the brackets showed microbial contamination: group 1, Morelli full case brackets, and group 12, Abzil-3M Unitek replacement brackets. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were the bacteria identified in groups 1 and 12, respectively (suggested by the biochemical test and confirmed by PCR). CONCLUSIONS Brackets of two brands (Morelli and Abzil-3M Unitek) were found to be contaminated by bacteria in the original packages supplied by the manufacturers, which suggests a risk for patient contamination. These data suggest that the manufacturers of these materials should improve the quality control of the packaging used, including sterilization, for the security of patient health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Simon
- Professor, Department of Genetics, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Perpétua Mota Freitas
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Ileri Z, Akin M, Erdur EA, Dagi HT, Findik D. Bacteremia after piezocision. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015; 146:430-6. [PMID: 25263145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of transient bacteremia after a piezocision procedure. METHODS The sample consisted of 30 subjects (24 women, 6 men; mean age, 19.6 ± 0.7 years; range, 18.1-22.4 years) with the American Society of Anesthesiologists' physical status I. All patients had Class I skeletal and dental relationships and had fixed orthodontic treatment with the Damon system. The piezocision surgery was performed 1 week after the placement of the orthodontic appliances in all patients. Two 20-mL venous blood samples were collected before and 30 to 60 seconds after the first microincision using an aseptic technique. The samples were inoculated into BACTEC Plus aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles and were assessed in the BACTEC blood culture analyzer (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Instrument Systems, Sparks, Md). The results were analyzed statistically using the McNemar test, with P <0.05 indicating statistical significance. RESULTS No significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative samples was determined with respect to transient bacteremia (P = 0.250). No bacteremia was detected in the pretreatment samples, although Gemella sanguinis, Streptococcus pluranimalium, and Streptococcus mitis/oralis were detected in 3 postoperative blood samples. CONCLUSIONS The piezocision procedure might be related to transitory bacteremia. Hence, orthodontists should consider the possibility of bacterial endocarditis in at-risk patients when piezocision is part of the treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Ileri
- Assistant professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akin
- Assistant professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Emire Aybuke Erdur
- Research assistant, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Hatice Turk Dagi
- Assistant professor, Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Duygu Findik
- Professor, Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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Waghmare AS, Vhanmane PB, Savitha B, Chawla RL, Bagde HS. Bacteremia following scaling and root planing: A clinico-microbiological study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2014; 17:725-30. [PMID: 24554880 PMCID: PMC3917200 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.124480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteremia frequently occurs after treatment procedures such as extractions, scaling, root planing, periodontal surgery. There is currently significant interest in the possibility that bacteremia with oral bacteria may play role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. There are well-conducted studies that have determined the frequency of passage of periodontal microorganisms to the bloodstream after periodontal treatment. There is scarce information related to the incidence of periodontopathic microorganisms during bacteremia induced by this procedure. AIM The aim of this study was to establish the frequency of passage of periodontopathic microorganisms in peripheric blood after scaling and root planing in patients with periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty subjects with chronic periodontitis were included in the study. Blood samples were drawn from each patient at following intervals pre-treatment i.e., before SRP (P1), immediately after SRP (P2), and 30 minutes after SRP (P3). Following SRP, blood samples were analyzed for following microorganisms: Porphyromonasgingivalis, Tannerella. forysthus, Eikenellanella. corrodens, Campylobacter species, Micromonas. micros, and Prevotella. intermedia. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Chi-square test. RESULTS Bacteremia was found in 70% (28/40) immediately after SRP and after 30 min, it was reduced to 25% (10/40) and 7.5% (3/40) presented bacteremia before SRP. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that bacteremia frequently occurs immediately after SRP with P. gingivalis showing the highest frequency in blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka S Waghmare
- Department of Periodontics, A. C. P. M Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priyanka B Vhanmane
- Department of Periodontics, A. C. P. M Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - B Savitha
- Department of Periodontics, A. C. P. M Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ruhee L Chawla
- Department of Periodontics, A. C. P. M Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Hiroj S Bagde
- Department of Periodontics, A. C. P. M Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
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Chen A, Haddad F, Lachiewicz P, Bolognesi M, Cortes LE, Franceschini M, Gallo J, Glynn A, Gonzalez Della Valle A, Gahramanov A, Khatod M, Lazarinis S, Lob G, Nana A, Ochsner P, Tuncay I, Winkler T, Zeng Y. Prevention of late PJI. J Arthroplasty 2014; 29:119-28. [PMID: 24370487 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2013.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Chen A, Haddad F, Lachiewicz P, Bolognesi M, Cortes LE, Franceschini M, Gallo J, Glynn A, Della Valle AG, Gahramanov A, Khatod M, Lazarinis S, Lob G, Nana A, Ochsner P, Tuncay I, Winkler T, Zeng Y. Prevention of late PJI. J Orthop Res 2014; 32 Suppl 1:S158-71. [PMID: 24464891 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Yagci A, Uysal T, Demirsoy KK, Percin D. Relationship between odontogenic bacteremia and orthodontic stripping. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2013; 144:73-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
The Prevention of Orthopaedic Implant Infection in Patients Undergoing Dental Procedures evidence-based clinical practice guideline was codeveloped by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) and the American Dental Association. This guideline replaces the previous AAOS Information Statement, "Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Bacteremia in Patients With Joint Replacement," published in 2009. Based on the best current evidence and a systematic review of published studies, three recommendations have been created to guide clinical practice in the prevention of orthopaedic implant infections in patients undergoing dental procedures. The first recommendation is graded as Limited; this recommendation proposes that the practitioner consider changing the long-standing practice of routinely prescribing prophylactic antibiotic for patients with orthopaedic implants who undergo dental procedures. The second, graded as Inconclusive, addresses the use of oral topical antimicrobials in the prevention of periprosthetic joint infections. The third recommendation, a Consensus statement, addresses the maintenance of good oral hygiene.
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Livas C, Delli K, Karapsias S, Pandis N, Ren Y. Investigation of bacteremia induced by removal of orthodontic mini-implants. Eur J Orthod 2013; 36:16-21. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjs099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Farret MM, de Lima EM, Mota EG, Oshima HMS, Barth V, de Oliveira SD. Can we add chlorhexidine into glass ionomer cements for band cementation? Angle Orthod 2011; 81:496-502. [PMID: 21299380 DOI: 10.2319/090310-518.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test if the addition of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHD) might influence the mechanical properties and antibacterial properties of two different conventional glass ionomer cements (GICs) used for band cementation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two commercial brands of conventional GICs were used: Ketac Cem Easymix (3M/ESPE, St Paul, Minn) and Meron (Voco, Cuxhaven, Germany). The cements were manipulated in their original composition and also with 10% and 18% CHD in the liquid to create a total of six groups. Diametral tensile strength, compressive strength, microhardness, shear bond strength, and antibacterial effects in 5, 45, and 65 days against Streptococcus mutans were tested in all groups, and the data were submitted to statistical analyses. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the groups of the same material in diametral tensile, compressive strength, and shear bond strength (P > .05). There was significant improvement in the microhardness to the Ketac Cem Easymix (P < .001). GICs with the addition of CHD showed significant inhibition of S. mutans growth in comparison with the control groups at the three time points evaluated (P < .001). The addition of 18% CHD resulted in higher bacterial inhibition (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The addition of chlorhexidine digluconate to conventional GICs does not negatively modify the mechanical properties and may increase the antibacterial effects around the GICs even for relatively long periods of time.
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Piñeiro A, Tomás I, Blanco J, Alvarez M, Seoane J, Diz P. Bacteraemia following dental implants' placement. Clin Oral Implants Res 2010; 21:913-8. [PMID: 20701619 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.01928.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence, duration and aetiology of bacteraemias following the placement of implants as well as the prophylactic efficacy of a chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) mouthrinse. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty patients undergoing implant placement were randomly distributed into two groups: CONTROL GROUP 30 patients with no prophylactic intervention before surgery. CHX group: 20 patients who performed a 0.2% CHX mouthrinse before surgery. Blood samples were collected at baseline, at 30 s after the insertion of implants and at 15 min after completion of the suturing of the mucoperiosteal flap. Samples were processed in the Bactec 9240, and the subculture and further identification of the isolates were performed using conventional microbiological techniques. RESULTS The prevalence of bacteraemias was 2% at baseline. In the control group, the prevalence of bacteraemias was 6.7% at 30 s and 3.3% at 15 min, but no statistically significant differences were achieved compared with the baseline percentage. In the CHX group, there were no positive cultures from blood samples obtained at 30 s or at 15 min. CONCLUSIONS Implant placement via a mucoperiosteal flap does not carry a significant risk of developing bacteraemias. The use of antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of focal infections such as bacterial endocarditis in "at-risk" patients undergoing dental implants is therefore questionable. Although its efficacy has not been confirmed statistically, we recommend a 0.2% CHX mouthrinse before treatment as proposed previously by the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Piñeiro
- Department of Special Needs, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela University, Galicia, Spain
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MacLaine JK, Rabie ABM, Wong R. Does orthodontic tooth movement cause an elevation in systemic inflammatory markers? Eur J Orthod 2009; 32:435-40. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjp108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
The oral microbiota is highly diverse consisting of more than 700 bacterial species. Notably, only half of these species can so far be cultivated. This may have an impact on how to interpret negative findings in blood cultures. The present paper gives an overview of the current knowledge on bacteraemia after common oral procedures such as tooth extraction, root scaling, periodontal probing, suture removal, orthodontic treatment, tooth restoration, non-surgical root canal treatment, chewing, tooth brushing, flossing, and use of tooth sticks. The possible relationship between periodontitis-related bacteraemia and cardiovascular diseases is also considered, as well as bacteraemia after oral procedures compared to procedures representing irritation or minor trauma to other mucosae. It may be that patients never seeing a dentist are more unfitted as blood donors than those recently having seen one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingar Olsen
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, PB 1052 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
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Hussein EA, Acar A, Dogan AA, Kadir T, Caldemir S, Erverdi N. Investigation of bacteremia after toothbrushing in orthodontic patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2009.39.3.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emad Ahmad Hussein
- Assistant Professor, Chairman, Department of Orthodontics, Arab American University, Zababda Jenin, Palestine, Palestine Territories
| | - Ahu Acar
- Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alev Aksoy Dogan
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Tanju Kadir
- Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seniz Caldemir
- Former Graduate Student, PhD, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nejat Erverdi
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Maruo IT, Rosa EAR, Maruo H, Tanaka O, Guariza Filho O, Igncio SA, Camargo ES. Effect of chlorhexidine mouth rinse onStreptococcicounts of tooth-tissue-borne palatal expander biofilm. Orthod Craniofac Res 2008; 11:136-42. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-6343.2007.00418.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Forner L, Larsen T, Kilian M, Holmstrup P. Incidence of bacteremia after chewing, tooth brushing and scaling in individuals with periodontal inflammation. J Clin Periodontol 2006; 33:401-7. [PMID: 16677328 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2006.00924.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 443] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED SCIENTIFIC RATIONALE FOR STUDY: Bacteremia occurs with various frequency after oral procedures. Periodontal disease may affect the incidence, magnitude, duration and bacterial spectrum of bacteremia. PRINCIPLE FINDINGS The incidence and magnitude of bacteremia after scaling was significantly higher in periodontitis than in gingivitis patients and healthy control individuals. In periodontitis patients, the magnitude of bacteremia was associated with gingival index, plaque index and number of sites with bleeding on probing, but not with probing pocket depth measurements. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases appear to be crucial for the prevention of bacteremia associated with oral procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lone Forner
- Department of Periodontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Sonis ST. Orthodontic management of selected medically compromised patients: Cardiac disease, bleeding disorders, and asthma. Semin Orthod 2004. [DOI: 10.1053/j.sodo.2004.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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28
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Cunningham S, Horrocks E, Hunt N, Jones S, Moseley H, Noar J, Scully C. ABC or oral health. Improving occlusion and orofacial aesthetics: orthodontics. BMJ (CLINICAL RESEARCH ED.) 2000; 321:288-90. [PMID: 10915138 PMCID: PMC1118280 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.321.7256.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Cunningham
- Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health Care Sciences, University College London, University of London
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