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Piekema L, Ten Brug A, Waninge A, van der Putten A. From assistive to inclusive? A systematic review of the uses and effects of technology to support people with pervasive support needs. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13181. [PMID: 38369310 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although particular technologies can enhance the quality of life (QoL) of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (we use the term pervasive support needs), their objectives and outcomes are understudied. A systematic literature review was therefore conducted to explore this topic. METHOD A search of four databases yielded 64 studies. Data were extracted on their general characteristics, methods and sample characteristics as well as the technology types, QoL domains and application within ecological systems. A narrative synthesis was subsequently developed. RESULTS Most of the studies applied assistive technology (AT) and focused on personal development and self-determination on an individual level. CONCLUSIONS Technology can enhance the QoL of people with pervasive support needs. There are indications that although MT and UD-based technology are used in practice, few studies have examined these technologies. Therefore, there is a knowledge gap regarding the kinds of technology that are used in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Piekema
- Department of Inclusive and Special Needs Education, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Annet Ten Brug
- Department of Inclusive and Special Needs Education, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aly Waninge
- Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Health Psychology Research, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Annette van der Putten
- Department of Inclusive and Special Needs Education, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Enkelaar L, Oosterom-Calo R, Zhou D, Nijhof N, Barakova E, Sterkenburg P. The LEDs move pilot study: the Light Curtain and physical activity and well-being among people with visual and intellectual disabilities. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2021; 65:971-988. [PMID: 34542212 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moving around and being physically active can often be challenging for people with a visual impairment. The combination of a visual and intellectual disability can make being physically active even more difficult. The aim of the current study was to examine whether a technological device for physical activity promotion would be associated with more movement and whether using it would be experienced as enjoyable for people with visual and intellectual disabilities. METHODS A randomised multiple baseline design was used for this study. The participants were nine adults with a visual impairment and an IQ between 20 and 50. As participants interacted with the Light Curtain, movement was measured with triaxial accelerometers embedded in the Empatica E4 wristband. Independent observers scored activity, alertness and well-being from video-recordings using the following observation lists: the Happiness Feature Score (HFS) and the Arousal and Valence Scale (AVS). RESULTS Physical activity measured with the accelerometer and positive excitement measured with the AVS significantly increased among participants when they were engaged with the Light Curtain compared with care-as-usual activities. Well-being measured with the HFS did not show a significant difference between the baseline and intervention phases. CONCLUSIONS Engagement with the Light Curtain increased physical activity and positive excitement in persons with visual and intellectual disabilities, but more research is necessary to understand how the Light Curtain might affect happiness and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Enkelaar
- Department of Physiotherapy, Bartiméus, Doorn, The Netherlands
| | - R Oosterom-Calo
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Zhou
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Design Art and Media, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - N Nijhof
- Department of Physiotherapy, Bartiméus, Doorn, The Netherlands
| | - E Barakova
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - P Sterkenburg
- Department of Physiotherapy, Bartiméus, Doorn, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Noyek S, Vowles C, Batorowicz B, Davies C, Fayed N. Direct assessment of emotional well-being from children with severe motor and communication impairment: a systematic review. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2020; 17:501-514. [PMID: 32878502 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2020.1810334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Explore methods used in peer-reviewed literature for obtaining self-expression of well-being information from children with severe motor and communication impairment (SMCI). MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted on 22 August 2019 through academic databases: CINAHL; Embase; MEDLINE; PsycINFO; InSpec; Compendex. Search strategies were informed by keywords under the following areas: (1) population: children with SMCI, (2) assessment methods: alternative to natural speech, paper and pencil report or standardized keyboard use (e.g., eye gaze) and (3) target information: well-being (e.g., quality of life). Studies were excluded if they focused on individuals over 25-years old, exclusively autism or typically developing children. RESULTS Non-duplicate studies of 10,986 were screened; 49 studies met inclusion criteria. Most studies used high-tech methods of self-expression in a single context (n = 17). Familiar partners play a significant role in self-expression; 18 studies required a familiar partner for children with SMCI to self-express. Thirty-five studies involved children self-expressing to solely adults, in comparison to 14 studies which involved peers. CONCLUSION Findings highlight the advancement of high-tech communication devices restricted to application in single contexts. Familiar partner knowledge of children with SMCI has the potential to be shared with others (e.g., respite care providers), enhancing both caregiver and child well-being. Future research that would enhance the literature could explore the assessment of emotional well-being for application in various contexts using multimodal methods. Opportunities for children with SMCI to express their emotional well-being can further influence the understanding and enhancement of participation, social connections, and experiences.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONUse of lower tech methods of self-expression to obtain information directly from children with severe motor and communication impairment (SMCI) remain more feasible in home and school contexts.By utilizing familiar partners' experiences and knowledge of the child, respite care providers, novel support workers, and others involved in the lives of children with SMCI can become further informed.Current high-tech methods for obtaining the emotional expressions of children with SMCI may benefit from incorporating multimodal approaches including lower tech methods, to be feasibly applied in real world contexts where well-being takes place.Further research on this topic is imperative to enable children with SMCI to self-express their emotional well-being which can enhance participation, activities, social connections, and experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Noyek
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Caryn Vowles
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Beata Batorowicz
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Claire Davies
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Nora Fayed
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
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Lancioni GE, Singh NN, O'Reilly MF, Oliva D, Severini L. Assessing a Microswitch-Based Stimulation Procedure for Eye-Blinking Responses in a Young Woman with Profound Multiple Disabilities. Percept Mot Skills 2016; 101:212-6. [PMID: 16350626 DOI: 10.2466/pms.101.1.212-216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We applied a new microswitch-based stimulation procedure for eye-blinking responses with a young woman with profound multiple disabilities, and compared effects of this procedure on the eye-blinking responses and smiling with the effects of a caregiver-based stimulation condition. Analysis showed that the microswitch-based stimulation procedure, with stimulation occurring contingent on eye-blinking responses, increased the frequencies of these responses significantly above the levels recorded in baseline and caregiver-based stimulation conditions. No changes in smiling frequencies occurred. Implications of the findings in terms of alertness, learning, and quality of life are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Lancioni
- Department of Psychology, University of Bari, Via Quintino Sella 268. 70100 Bari, Italy.
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Hartley SL, Esbensen AJ, Shalev R, Vincent LB, Mihaila I, Bussanich P. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depressed Adults with Mild Intellectual Disability: A Pilot Study. JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2015; 8:72-97. [PMID: 26925187 PMCID: PMC4767014 DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2015.1033573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of research on psychosocial treatments for depression in adults with intellectual disability (ID). In this pilot study, we explored the efficacy of a group CBT treatment that involved a caregiver component in adults with mild ID with a depressive disorder. METHOD Sixteen adults with mild ID and a depressive disorder participated in a 10-week group CBT treatment and 8 adults with mild ID with a depressive disorder served as a treatment as usual (TAU) control group. Adults with mild ID and caregivers completed measures of depressive symptoms, behavior problems, and social skills at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and a 3-month follow-up. Adults with mild ID also completed a series of tasks to measure their understanding of the principles of cognitive therapy pre- and post-treatment. RESULTS The CBT group demonstrated significant decreases in depressive symptoms and behavior problems from pre-treatment to post-treatment and these effects were maintained at a 3-month follow-up. The CBT group demonstrated significant improvements in their ability to infer emotions and thoughts based on various situation-thought-emotion pairings from pre-treatment to post-treatment. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that adults with mild ID with a depressive disorder benefitted from a group CBT treatment with a caregiver component. Moreover, adults with mild ID appeared to benefit, at least in part, from the cognitive therapy components of the treatment, in addition to the behavior therapy components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigan L Hartley
- Univeristy of Wisconsin, Waisman Center, 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, 53705 United States
| | - Anna J Esbensen
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 3333 Burnet Ave, ML 4002, Cincinnati, 45229 United States
| | - Rebecca Shalev
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School Psychology, Madison, United States
| | - Lori B Vincent
- university of Wisconsin-Madison, School Psychology, Madison, United States
| | - Iulia Mihaila
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Center, Madison, United States
| | - Paige Bussanich
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Center, Madison, United States
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Sturmey P. Treatment of psychopathology in people with intellectual and other disabilities. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2012; 57:593-600. [PMID: 23072950 DOI: 10.1177/070674371205701003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the psychosocial, pharmacological, and other treatments of psychopathology in people with intellectual disabilities (IDs), autism, and other developmental disabilities (DDs). METHOD Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of psychosocial, pharmacological, and other treatments for people with DDs are reviewed. RESULTS There is strong evidence for applied behaviour analysis (ABA) and other behavioural treatments of some forms of psychopathology. There is little good evidence to support the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural therapy, cognitive therapy, sensory interventions, and other forms of psychosocial interventions. Recently, more randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychopharmacology have been published, especially with people with autism spectrum disorders. Most RCTs were for externalizing behaviour problems, rather than for psychopathology. These RCTs offer only preliminary support for the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy. No evidence was found for the effectiveness of other biological treatments. CONCLUSIONS Current research supports the use of ABA and other behavioural interventions for some forms of psychopathology. Evidence for the effectiveness of other interventions is limited or absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sturmey
- Department of Psychology, City University of New York, Flushing, New York, NY, USA.
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Tam GM, Phillips KJ, Mudford OC. Teaching individuals with profound multiple disabilities to access preferred stimuli with multiple microswitches. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2011; 32:2352-2361. [PMID: 21824746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2011.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We replicated and extended previous research on microswitch facilitated choice making by individuals with profound multiple disabilities. Following an assessment of stimulus preferences, we taught 6 adults with profound multiple disabilities to emit 2 different responses to activate highly preferred stimuli. All participants learnt to activate both microswitches. Five participants showed a higher overall level of responding when both switches activating preferred stimuli were available concurrently. After completion of microswitch training, a choice assessment was conducted in which participants had access to 2 microswitches concurrently, with 1 connected to the most highly preferred stimulus and the other to a least preferred stimulus. Choice making behavior was shown in 3 participants and provided support for the preference assessment results. The results of the 3 remaining participants showed that both the most highly preferred and the least preferred stimuli may serve as reinforcers for microswitch activation responses.
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Saunders MD, Questad KA, Cullinan TB, Saunders RR. Adapted Digital Music Players for Individuals with Severe Impairments. BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS 2011; 26. [PMID: 24382942 DOI: 10.1002/bin.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Portable music production devices, such as radios, cassette players and MP3 players have characteristics that make them less than ideal for teaching the cause-and-effect relationships that would enable children and adults with severe impairments to control them independently and appropriately. Even when adapted for control with adaptive switches, the relationship between switch closure and on-off operation results in contingency characteristics that can inhibit learning. Some solutions to these problems are described, and for those individuals who can learn with complex contingencies, some promising products are reviewed.
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Lancioni GE, Singh NN, O'Reilly MF, Oliva D, Basili G. An overview of research on increasing indices of happiness of people with severe/profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. Disabil Rehabil 2009; 27:83-93. [PMID: 15823988 DOI: 10.1080/09638280400007406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper was to provide an overview of research studies aimed at increasing indices of happiness of persons with severe/profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. METHODS Computerized and manual searches were carried out to identify the studies published from 1990 to 2004 (i.e., the period during which the issues of quality fo life and happiness in people with disabilities have become more prominent). Twenty-four research studies were identified. They involved the use of six different procedures, that is, structured stimulation sessions, microswitch-based simulation sessions, leisure activities and favourite work tasks or conditions, positive environment or positive behaviour support programmes and mindful caregiving, favourite stimulation automatically delivered on exercise engagement, and snoezelen. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Data tended to be positive with increases in the participants' indices of happiness, but some failures also occurred. The outcomes were discussed in relation to (a) methodological issues, such as designs of the studies, length of the intervention, and number of participants, and (b) personal and practical implications of the procedures. Some suggestions for future research (particularly focused on extending evidence and overcoming present methodological weakness) were also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Lancioni
- Department of Psyhology, University of Bari, 70100 Bari, Italy.
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Lancioni GE, O'Reilly MF, Singh NN, Sigafoos J, Oliva D, Antonucci M, Tota A, Basili G. Microswitch-Based Programs for Persons with Multiple Disabilities: An Overview of Some Recent Developments. Percept Mot Skills 2008; 106:355-70. [DOI: 10.2466/pms.106.2.355-370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Persons with multiple disabilities are often unable to interact with their environment due to their limited response repertoire. Microswitch programs are designed to help them control environmental events, generally preferred stimulation, through simple (feasible) responses. To make microswitch programs a more widely usable and relevant resource for intervention with these persons, a number of new developments were pursued in recent years. This paper examines three of those developments as specifically addressed in our research activity, namely, (a) assessment of new, nontypical responses and matching microswitches, (b) fostering of multiple responses and exercise of choice, and (c) targeting of habilitative and clinical (therapeutic) objectives. The encouraging outcomes of these developments are reviewed in relation to their potentially wide implications for daily practice and the need of additional developments in the area.
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Lancioni GE, Singh NN, O'Reilly MF, Sigafoos J, Oliva D, Scalini L, Castagnaro F, Di Bari M. Promoting foot–leg movements in children with multiple disabilities through the use of support devices and technology for regulating contingent stimulation. Cogn Process 2007; 8:279-83. [PMID: 17680286 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-007-0179-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Revised: 07/18/2007] [Accepted: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study assessed the possibility of promoting pre-ambulatory foot-leg movements in children with multiple disabilities by motivating their action through contingent stimulation combined with a support device. Two children aged 10 and 8 years participated. Microswitch technology (i.e., pressure sensors under the shoes or optic sensors at the front-inner side of the shoes) served for detecting the foot-leg movements and providing contingent stimulation on their occurrence. Sensor activation produced 5 s of stimulation during intervention. Data showed that both children had significant increases in foot-leg movements during the intervention phases. Implications of the data in terms of skill acquisition and further intervention prospects are discussed.
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Dillon CM, Carr JE. Assessing indices of happiness and unhappiness in individuals with developmental disabilities: a review. BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/bin.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lancioni GE, Singh NN, O'Reilly MF, Oliva D, Smaldone A, Tota A, Martielli G, Stasolla F, Pontiggia G, Groeneweg J. Assessing the effects of stimulation versus microswitch-based programmes on indices of happiness of students with multiple disabilities. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2006; 50:739-47. [PMID: 16961703 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2006.00839.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stimulation and microswitch-based programmes are considered main strategies to promote indices of happiness in students with multiple disabilities. However, only limited attempts have been made to assess the relative effects of the two programmes. This study conducted such an assessment with seven students with multiple disabilities. METHODS The first four phases of the study served to: (1) provide the students with a systematic exposure to each of the programmes; and (2) measure the programmes' effects on indices of happiness by comparing them with baseline levels. The fifth phase served to compare the programmes with each other. RESULTS The first four phases of the study showed that the microswitch-based programme produced a significant increase in indices of happiness for all seven students, and the stimulation programme produced a significant increase for six students. During the fifth phase of the study (i.e. when the two programmes were alternated), the microswitch-based programme promoted significantly higher indices of happiness than the stimulation programme for four of the seven students. CONCLUSIONS Microswitch-based programmes might be deemed preferable to stimulation programmes because they can promote higher or comparable indices of happiness while promoting the acquisition of adaptive responses and self-determination.
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Lancioni GE, Singh NN, O'Reilly MF, Oliva D. Microswitch programs for persons with multiple disabilities: an overview of the responses adopted for microswitch activation. Cogn Process 2005; 6:177-88. [PMID: 18231820 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-005-0003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2005] [Revised: 06/14/2005] [Accepted: 06/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To introduce a person with multiple disabilities to a microswitch-aided program, one has to select a plausible response(s), that is, a response(s) that can be performed reliably and without excessive effort by the person and can successfully activate the microswitch(es) available (producing preferred stimuli). This paper provides an overview of the responses adopted for microswitch activation in research studies during the last 20 years. METHOD Computerized and manual searches were carried out to identify the studies published between 1986 and 2005. Forty-eight research studies were identified. They concerned the use of (1) a single (typical) response, (2) a single (non-typical) response, (3) multiple (typical and non-typical) responses, and (4) multiple (vocal) responses. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results showed that 151 of the 190 participants involved in the studies had a positive outcome (i.e., clear increases in their responding, which suggested that they had learned the association between responding and consequent preferred stimuli). Failures were largely concentrated in the first group of studies. The discussion focused on (a) the importance of selecting plausible responses for increasing the chances of success, (b) the need of non-typical responses for persons with minimal motor behavior, (c) implications of programs with multiple responses on engagement and choice, and (d) relevance of using vocal utterances. Some suggestions for future research concerning these points were also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio E Lancioni
- Department of Psychology, University of Bari, Via Quintino Sella 268, 70100, Bari, Italy,
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LANCION GE. ASSESSING A MICROSWITCH-BASED STIMULATION PROCEDURE FOR EYE-BLINKING RESPONSES IN A YOUNG WOMAN WITH PROFOUND MULTIPLE DISABILITIES. Percept Mot Skills 2005. [DOI: 10.2466/pms.101.5.212-216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Singh NN, Lancioni GE, Winton ASW, Wahler RG, Singh J, Sage M. Mindful caregiving increases happiness among individuals with profound multiple disabilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2004; 25:207-218. [PMID: 15026095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2003.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2003] [Revised: 04/23/2003] [Accepted: 05/01/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Happiness is a critical indicator of quality of life in humans. A few studies have measured levels of happiness displayed under different conditions by individuals with profound multiple disabilities. We were interested in determining whether increasing the mindfulness of caregivers would result in increased levels of happiness in adults with these conditions. Using alternating treatments embedded within a multiple baseline across caregivers design, we measured baseline levels of happiness displayed by three adults with profound multiple disabilities when they engaged in leisure activities, each by a different pair of caregivers. Then, we taught mindfulness methods to one of each pair and measured the levels of happiness displayed by the individuals during the 8-weeks training for the caregivers. Finally, we measured the levels of happiness displayed by the three individuals for 16 weeks following the termination of mindfulness training. We found that, regardless of whether the level of happiness was initially observed to be high or low in the presence of a caregiver, it increased markedly when an individual interacted with a caregiver who received training in mindfulness when compared to the control caregiver, who did not receive such training. Our study provides evidence that increasing the mindfulness of a caregiver can produce a substantial increase in the levels of happiness displayed by individuals with profound multiple disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirbhay N Singh
- ONE Research Institute, P.O. Box 5419, Midlothian, VA 23112, USA.
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Lancioni GE, O'Reilly MF, Singh NN, Oliva D, Groeneweg J. Using microswitches with persons who have profound multiple disabilities: evaluation of three cases. Percept Mot Skills 2004; 97:909-16. [PMID: 14738358 DOI: 10.2466/pms.2003.97.3.909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness of microswitch programs in promoting and maintaining responding of persons with profound multiple disabilities. Three participants were provided one or two microswitches. Their responding (microswitch activation) produced favorite stimuli. Analysis showed that all participants increased responding significantly, albeit with clear differences among them, during the intervention period of a few weeks. Two participants continued with the microswitch program in the daily context and had 3-mo. follow-up data similar to the intervention data. One participant did not continue with the program (reportedly because of inconsistent/low responding) and so did not receive a follow-up assessment. Links between responding and vigilance conditions and stereotypy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Lancioni
- Department of Psychology, University of Bari, Italy.
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Lancioni GE, Singh NN, O'Reilly MF, Oliva D, Campodonico F, Groeneweg J. Assessing the effects of automatically delivered stimulation on the use of simple exercise tools by students with multiple disabilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2003; 24:475-483. [PMID: 14622897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2003.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the effects of automatically delivered stimulation on the activity level and mood (indices of happiness) of three students with multiple disabilities during their use of a stepper and a stationary bicycle. The stimulation involved a pool of favorite stimulus events that were delivered automatically, through an electronic control system, while the students were active in using the aforementioned exercise tools. Data showed that stimulation had an overall positive impact, but this was not evident on both measures (i.e., level of activity and indices of happiness) or with both exercise tools across students. These findings are discussed in relation to the outcome of an earlier study in the area by the same authors and in terms of practical implications for daily contexts.
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Carter S. The nature of feelings and emotion-based learning within psychotherapy and counselling: neuroscience is putting the heart back into emotion. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOTHERAPY & COUNSELLING 2003. [DOI: 10.1080/0967026042000269683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lancioni GE, Singh NN, O'Reilly MF, Campodonico F, Scalini L, Oliva D. Extending the use of familiar microswitches to difficult daily situations: two case evaluations. Percept Mot Skills 2003; 96:927-30. [PMID: 12831272 DOI: 10.2466/pms.2003.96.3.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the possibility of successfully extending the use of familiar microswitches by two adults with multiple disabilities to a difficult, standing-with-support situation. Analysis showed that the introduction of the familiar microswitches into this situation increased the participants' constructive engagement; they had repeated contacts with the microswitch systems and activated them fairly consistently. For one of the participants, improvement also occurred in terms of mood (smiling) and standing time.
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Lancioni GE, O'Reilly MF, Singh NN, Oliva D, Campodonico F, Groeneweg J. Stimulation and microswitch-based programs for enhancing indices of happiness: a maintenance assessment. BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/bin.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Lancioni GE, O'Reilly MF, Singh NN, Oliva D, Marziani M, Groeneweg J. A social validation assessment of the use of microswitches with persons with multiple disabilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2002; 23:309-318. [PMID: 12401482 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-4222(02)00138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this two-part study was to conduct a social validation assessment of microswitches versus interaction/stimulation conditions used with persons with multiple disabilities. In Part I, 32 teacher-assistant trainees were shown video-tapes reporting the use of microswitches versus interaction conditions for six children. In Part II, 40 teacher-assistant trainees or classroom aides and 44 rehabilitation staff were presented with video-tapes showing the use of microswitches versus systematic stimulation strategies for four adults. Raters scored the microswitch and the interaction or stimulation conditions on a 7-item questionnaire covering social/emotional and practical aspects. The microswitch condition was viewed as generally more positive than or comparable to the interaction or stimulation conditions. Main features of the findings and their implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio E Lancioni
- Department of Psychology, University of Leiden, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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