Pleomorphic adenoma of the palate in a child: 9-year follow-up

Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Palate: Diagnostic and Surgical Strategy

Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor of the salivary glands. It develops preferentially in the parotid gland. The authors report a localization of a pleomorphic adenoma on the palate and discuss the value of CT scan in therapeutic strategy.

Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Oral Cavity: Systematic Review

Pleomorphic adenomas are the most commonly presented salivary gland tumor; however, exact etiologies are unknown. We present a systemic review investigating the demographics, clinical presentations, characteristics, and anatomical locations of oral cavity pleomorphic adenoma. Three electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus) and one search engine (Google Scholar) were used to identify studies published in English with no restrictions on the year of publication up to the first week of August 2022. Studies retrieved from the literature involved clinical presentations, characteristics, and anatomical locations of oral cavity pleomorphic adenoma, data presented as frequencies and percentages. Our systematic review included 71 studies out of 2110 identified. Pleomorphic adenoma in the oral cavity was found more commonly in females [1508 (42.9%)] than males, with an age range of 6-83 years. The most common tumor location was the palate, followed by the lips; the jaw was the least common location identified. Most cases were not characterized of having a pleomorphic adenoma [(2,918 (83%))]. The most commonly mentioned characteristic was a painless mass [(561 (16%))] and the least common characteristics were dysphagia, change in sensation, and ill-fitting prosthesis. Pleomorphic adenoma of the oral cavity can have many presentations. In any oral cavity mass, pleomorphic adenoma should be included in the differential diagnosis and a complete surgical excision preferred treatment.

Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Palate: A Rare Case in an Adolescent With Cleft lip and Palate

Benign salivary gland tumors are rarely found in children and adolescents compared with adults. Pleomorphic adenomas (PAs), the most common benign salivary gland tumor, account for only 1% of all head and neck lesions and fewer than 5% of all salivary gland tumors in individuals under the age of 16 years. The data on palatal PA in the first 2 decades of life is confined to published case reports and case series. To date, there has never been a report of palatal PA in a patient with cleft lip and palate. Here we describe an adolescent female with bilateral cleft lip and palate with PA of the hard and soft palate who underwent wide local excision and reconstruction with a buccal fat pad and buccal myo-mucosal flap.

Surgical Treatment of a Huge Pleomorphic Adenoma in the Hard Palate of a Young Female Adult: A Case Report

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common salivary gland tumor. This tumor mostly involves the parotid gland; however, if it occurs in the minor salivary glands, the palate would be the most common site. This lesion is more prevalent in patients with 40 to 60 years of age. Regarding the literature, the incidence of giant pleomorphic adenoma of the palate in young patients is considered a rare finding. Hereby, we present a rare case of pleomorphic adenoma of the palate, with an astonishing size, found in a 27-year-old patient. Furthermore, the surgical treatment of this lesion is described. This case was effectively treated with surgical curettage and tumor resection, emphasizing the significance of early detection in order to minimize complications. Surgical treatment, was beneficial to help the patient resume to normal life. Additionally, the clinical, radiological, and histopathological aspects and potential surgical treatments are discussed.

Incidental Cone Beam CT Finding of Juvenile Pleomorphic Adenoma

Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign mixed tumor composed of epithelial and myoepithelial cells, less commonly occurring in minor salivary glands or in children. A case of juvenile pleomorphic adenoma missed clinically and incidentally found in cone beam CT images is described. Clinical, radiographic, and histologic images are presented.

Pleomorphic adenoma: a rare intraoral pediatric tumor

Minor salivary gland tumors are rare in the pediatric population. The most common minor salivary gland neoplasm is pleomorphic adenoma of the hard palate. We report a case of a 7-year-old patient presenting with a slow-growing palatal lesion, which upon diagnosis we confirm to be a pleomorphic adenoma. These lesions require radical excision with careful dissection due to risks of malignant transformation, pain, interference with dentition, and tumor seeding. Given the risk of recurrence, it is important that these patients be monitored long term following extirpation. Our patient remains recurrence free at most recent follow-up, 5 years following initial extirpation. The addition of this case contributes further information regarding demographics, diagnosis, and treatment of these tumors.

Pleomorphic adenoma of hard palate: an experience

INTRODUCTION

Pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary glands of hard palate is a rare benign tumour. It usually presents as slow growing submucosal mass on hard palate. The purpose of this study was to collect observational data regarding age, size, symptoms, CT findings and treatment of pleomorphic adenoma of hard palate.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The prospective observational study was done in the Department of ENT, Department of Oral and maxillofacial surgery at SKIMS Medical College and at Peoples Care Polyclinic for a period of 2 years. Twenty cases were enrolled in the study. After clinical suspicion, computed tomography, FNAC and core needle biopsy was done in all twenty cases before any surgical intervention was done.

RESULTS

Most common age group seen to be involved was 16-30 years. Most common symptom was submucosal slow growing mass. Core biopsy was diagnostic with 100 % efficacy. On CT scan twelve patients (60 %) were seen to have intact hard palate even without minor erosions while four patients had full thickness erosion of hard palate. Surgical wide excision was done in all cases and one patient needed total maxillectomy. All treated patients were followed for one year and none showed signs of recurrence.

CONCLUSION

Pleomorphic adenoma of hard palate is usually seen in adults. Definitive diagnosis lies on histopathological examination. CT is necessary for ruling out any bony erosion. Treatment is by wide local excision.

Pleomorphic adenoma in an adolescent

Pleomorphic adenoma generally occurs in the 4^thand 5^thdecade of life. The adenoma is an uncommon presentation and is exceedingly rare in children and young adolescents. This case report deals with the diagnosis and surgical management of pleomorphic adenoma in the soft palate region in a young adolescent patient.

A clinical analysis of nine new pediatric and adolescent cases of benign minor salivary gland neoplasms and a review of the literature

INTRODUCTION

Minor salivary gland neoplasms of epithelial origin are rare in children and adolescents and most are not well documented, except for a few small series and case reports. This study represents a retrospective clinical analysis of nine cases of benign epithelial salivary gland neoplasms accessioned over a 35-year period at the Louisiana State University School of Dentistry and combines the data with well-documented cases from the English-language literature.

METHODS

A retrospective clinical analysis of nine cases of benign epithelial salivary gland neoplasms was performed over a 35-year period at the Louisiana State University School of Dentistry and combined with data of well-documented cases from the English-language literature.

RESULTS

The nine benign salivary gland neoplasms in patients aged 19 months to 18 years accounted for 2.3% of the Louisiana State University School of Dentistry accessioned salivary gland tumors. These nine cases comprised eight pleomorphic adenomas and one cystadenoma. There were 40 cases in the literature, of which 34 were pleomorphic adenomas. Combining the data for the 42 pleomorphic adenomas resulted in a mean age of 12 years with a 2.8:1 female predilection. The hard palate and/or soft palate were the most common site (69.1%). The average duration and size was 2.1 years and 2.4cm, respectively. Bone involvement occurred in seven cases. Wide local excision was the treatment most often employed. Cases followed for two years or more had a recurrence rate of 13.0%. The remaining seven neoplasms in the combined data comprised myoepithelioma, cystadenoma and sialadenoma papilliferum.

CONCLUSIONS

A relatively long duration (2 years) of a submucosal mass in a minor salivary gland-bearing area with or without bone involvement occurring in a child or adolescent should raise the question of a possible salivary gland neoplasm. A pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign salivary gland neoplasm in the first and second decade of life. Complete surgical excision affords the best chance of preventing recurrence for pleomorphic adenomas. The recurrence rate of pleomorphic adenomas with two or more years follow-up is 13.0%. Other types of minor salivary gland neoplasms are exceedingly rare and therefore data is sparse, precluding any valid conclusions.

Simultaneous palatal pleomorphic adenoma and mandibular keratocystic odontogenic tumor in a pediatric patient

BACKGROUND

Neoplasms of the salivary gland account for 3% of all head and neck tumors; most of these occur in the parotid gland and are benign; 80% of them are pleomorphic adenomas. Benign neoplasms of the salivary gland are rare in children compared with adults. Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) is considered the second most frequent neoplasm of all odontogenic tumors after the ameloblastoma. In the present report, we introduce the unusual presentation of a child with a simultaneous pleomorphic adenoma of the right hard palate and a KCOT of the left mandibular angle.

DISCUSSION

The case is significant for 2 reasons; according to the literature, there are few reports of pleomorphic adenoma arising from a minor salivary gland of the palate in a patient younger than 18 years. This is to our knowledge the first recorded instance of simultaneous palatal pleomorphic adenoma and mandibular KCOT occurring in a child.

Oral rehabilitation after surgical removal of pleomorphic adenoma

Although tumors of minor salivary glands are rare, the pleomorphic adenoma is the most common pathology among the benign neoplasm and can be found with high prevalence in the junction between hard palate and soft palate. The treatment of choice for most of maxillary tumors is surgical through either a total or partial maxillectomy. However, surgical defects caused by such type of treatment lead to both clinical and psychologic disorders for the patient. The immediate oral rehabilitation using interim palate obturator after maxillectomy provides optimization on the healing process, recovers the stomatognathic functions after surgery, and avoids psychosocial sequelae for the patients. This clinical report aimed to present the rehabilitation with immediate palate obturator of a patient who underwent a partial maxillectomy due to a hard palate pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary glands. We report the clinical importance of the prosthetic rehabilitation and the improvements on both quality of life and stomatognathic functions of this patient. It can be concluded that the immediate rehabilitation of the patient after partial maxillectomy by using an interim palate obturator was a great option and provided clinical benefits in the immediate postoperative period, improving the patient’s quality of life, allowing the patient’s reinsertion into society, and reducing the surgical treatment sequelae.

Pleomorphic Adenoma of Minor Salivary Gland in a 14 year Old Child

Salivary gland tumours are rare in childhood, and almost all of them occur in parotid gland. Minor salivary gland tumours are even rarer, pleomorphic adenoma being the most frequently found tumour. Only seventeen cases of pleomorphic adenoma arising in the minor salivary gland tumour have been reported in children and adolescents. Pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary gland represents about 45% of all the tumours of the minor salivary glands. Pleomorphic adenoma is slowly enlarging tumour indistinguishable from adenoid cystic carcinoma clinically, except for pain and ulceration, which is more common in the latter. Carcinoma arising from pleomorphic adenoma has been reported in 3% cases amongst the minor salivary gland tumours. This report presents a case of pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary gland in a 14 year old female patient with a brief review of literature.

Pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid in childhood

INTRODUCTION

Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign growth that most often appears in the parotid gland where it is the most frequent type of tumour. Its appearance in childhood is rare and there are no large series available in this age group for comparison with its presentation in adults. Surgical treatment is similar in children and in adults; whilst the prognosis is good, they may become malignant and metastasize.

MATERIAL AND METHOD

In this study, we present seven parotid pleomorphic adenomas in childhood treated in our Department and a review of the literature. The following data were evaluated: sex, age, affected side, clinical symptoms and period of evolution of the symptoms, surgical technique applied and complications observed.

RESULTS

The mean age at presentation was 12.4 years. All patients were males with the right side affected in five patients. The treatment was conservative superficial parotidectomy in five patients, conservative total parotidectomy in one, and an enucleation including a wide safety margin in the last case. None of the patients exhibited any permanent postoperative complication. The mean follow-up was 41.3 months (26-58 months).

Juvenile intraoral pleomorphic adenoma: report of five cases and review of the literature

The aim of this study is to report on five cases of intraoral pleomorphic adenoma (PA) in patients under 18 years of age and to review the literature. Intraoral salivary gland tumours were reviewed in two Brazilian institutions and five cases of PA in patients under 18 years of age were found. Clinical data were obtained from the medical records and paraffin-embedded tissues were sectioned for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 immunohistochemical analysis. Four patients were female and one was male; two cases affected the palate, two the upper lip and one the tongue. All five patients were treated surgically and after long follow-up periods no recurrences were observed. Tumour cells were weakly positive for PCNA and negative for p53. PA should be considered in the differential diagnosis of submucosal nodules in young patients. In youngsters, PA seems to have similar biological characteristics as in adults, with low recurrence rates after surgical resection.

Recurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the palate in a child

A rare case of recurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the palate in a 9-year-old boy is presented. Pleomorphic adenoma is relatively rare in children compared with its incidence in adults. However, it is the most common benign epithelial tumour of the salivary glands. The majority of pleomorphic adenomata in children occur in the major salivary glands, mainly the parotid gland. Pleomorphic adenomata of the minor salivary glands are rare in children and mainly occur in the palatal glands. Of the few cases of pleomorphic adenoma of the palate reported in children, only one case showed recurrence of the tumour after primary excision. We present the second case of recurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the palate in a child.