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Bragina O, Nemudry A. Cobalt-free SrFe1-xMoxO3- perovskite hollow fiber membranes for oxygen separation. Ann Ital Chir 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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2
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Thyssen VV, Vilela VB, de Florio DZ, Ferlauto AS, Fonseca FC. Direct Conversion of Methane to C 2 Hydrocarbons in Solid-State Membrane Reactors at High Temperatures. Chem Rev 2021; 122:3966-3995. [PMID: 34962796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Direct conversion of methane to C2 compounds by oxidative and nonoxidative coupling reactions has been intensively studied in the past four decades; however, because these reactions have intrinsic severe thermodynamic constraints, they have not become viable industrially. Recently, with the increasing availability of inexpensive "green electrons" coming from renewable sources, electrochemical technologies are gaining momentum for reactions that have been challenging for more conventional catalysis. Using solid-state membranes to control the reacting species and separate products in a single step is a crucial advantage. Devices using ionic or mixed ionic-electronic conductors can be explored for methane coupling reactions with great potential to increase selectivity. Although these technologies are still in the early scaling stages, they offer a sustainable path for the utilization of methane and benefit from the advances in both solid oxide fuel cells and electrolyzers. This review identifies promising developments for solid-state methane conversion reactors by assessing multifunctional layers with microstructural control; combining solid electrolytes (proton and oxygen ion conductors) with active and selective electrodes/catalysts; applying more efficient reactor designs; understanding the reaction/degradation mechanisms; defining standards for performance evaluation; and carrying techno-economic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Vazquez Thyssen
- Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN-CNEN), Av. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Bezerra Vilela
- Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN-CNEN), Av. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Zanetti de Florio
- Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Av. dos Estados, 5001, 09210-580 Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Andre Santarosa Ferlauto
- Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Av. dos Estados, 5001, 09210-580 Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Coral Fonseca
- Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN-CNEN), Av. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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3
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Reactional Processes on Osmium-Polymeric Membranes for 5-Nitrobenzimidazole Reduction. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11080633. [PMID: 34436396 PMCID: PMC8400646 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Membranes are associated with the efficient processes of separation, concentration and purification, but a very important aspect of them is the realization of a reaction process simultaneously with the separation process. From a practical point of view, chemical reactions have been introduced in most membrane systems: with on-liquid membranes, with inorganic membranes or with polymeric and/or composite membranes. This paper presents the obtaining of polymeric membranes containing metallic osmium obtained in situ. Cellulose acetate (CA), polysulfone (PSf) and polypropylene hollow fiber membranes (PPM) were used as support polymer membranes. The metallic osmium is obtained directly onto the considered membranes using a solution of osmium tetroxide (OsO4), dissolved in tert–butyl alcohol (t–Bu–OH) by reduction with molecular hydrogen. The composite osmium–polymer (Os–P)-obtained membranes were characterized in terms of the morphological and structural points of view: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution SEM (HR–SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis (EDAX), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The process performance was tested for reduction of 5–nitrobenzimidazole to 5–aminobenzimidazole with molecular hydrogen. The paper presents the main aspects of the possible mechanism of transformation of 5–nitrobenzimidazole to 5–aminobenzimidazole with hydrogen gas in the reaction system with osmium–polymer membrane (Os–P).
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Monjur MS, Demirel SE, Li J, Hasan MMF. SPICE_MARS: A Process Synthesis Framework for Membrane-Assisted Reactive Separations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Sadaf Monjur
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3122, United States
| | - Salih Emre Demirel
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3122, United States
| | - Jianping Li
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3122, United States
| | - M. M. Faruque Hasan
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3122, United States
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5
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Sealing perovskite membranes for long-term oxygen separation from air. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01272-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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6
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Matras D, Vamvakeros A, Jacques SDM, Middelkoop V, Vaughan G, Agote Aran M, Cernik RJ, Beale AM. In situ X-ray diffraction computed tomography studies examining the thermal and chemical stabilities of working Ba 0.5Sr 0.5Co 0.8Fe 0.2O 3-δ membranes during oxidative coupling of methane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:18964-18975. [PMID: 32597462 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02144j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study we present the results from two in situ X-ray diffraction computed tomography experiments of catalytic membrane reactors (CMRs) using Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ (BSCF) hollow fibre membranes and Na-Mn-W/SiO2 catalyst during the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction. The negative impact of CO2, when added to the inlet gas stream, is seen to be mainly related to the C2+ yield, while no evidence of carbonate phase(s) formation is found during the OCM experiments. The main degradation mechanism of the CMR is suggested to be primarily associated with the solid-state evolution of the BSCF phase rather than the presence of CO2. Specifically, in situ XRD-CT and post-mortem SEM/EDX measurements revealed a collapse of the cubic BSCF phase and subsequent formation of secondary phases, which include needle-like structures and hexagonal Ba6Co4O12 and formation of a BaWO4 layer, the latter being a result of chemical interaction between the membrane and catalyst materials at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Matras
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, Lancashire M13 9PL, UK. and Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Antonis Vamvakeros
- Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0FA, UK and Finden Limited, Merchant House, 5 East St Helen Street, Abingdon, OX14 5EG, UK. and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Simon D M Jacques
- Finden Limited, Merchant House, 5 East St Helen Street, Abingdon, OX14 5EG, UK.
| | - Vesna Middelkoop
- Sustainable Materials Management, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, VITO NV, Boeretang 200, Mol, Belgium
| | - Gavin Vaughan
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Miren Agote Aran
- Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0FA, UK and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Robert J Cernik
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, Lancashire M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Andrew M Beale
- Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0FA, UK and Finden Limited, Merchant House, 5 East St Helen Street, Abingdon, OX14 5EG, UK. and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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7
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Pichardo PA, Manousiouthakis VI. Intensified energetically enhanced steam methane reforming through the use of membrane reactors. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A. Pichardo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles California
| | - Vasilios I. Manousiouthakis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles California
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8
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Jin Y, Meng X, Bo M, Yang N, Sunarso J, Liu S. Parametric modeling study of oxidative dehydrogenation of propane in La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ hollow fiber membrane reactor. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Ice-Templating for the Elaboration of Oxygen Permeation Asymmetric Tubular Membrane with Radial Oriented Porosity. CERAMICS-SWITZERLAND 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/ceramics2020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An original asymmetric tubular membrane for oxygen production applications was manufactured in a two-step process. A 3 mol% Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 (3YSZ) porous tubular support was manufactured by the freeze-casting technique, offering a hierarchical and radial-oriented porosity of about 15 µm in width, separated by fully densified walls of about 2 µm thick, suggesting low pressure drop and boosted gas transport. The external surface of the support was successively dip-coated to get a Ce0.8Gd0.2O2−δ – 5mol%Co (CGO-Co) interlayer of 80 µm in thickness and an outer dense layer of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF) with a thickness of 30 µm. The whole tubular membrane presents both uniform geometric characteristics and microstructure all along its length. Chemical reactivity between each layer was studied by coupling X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis and Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping at each step of the manufacturing process. Cation interdiffusion between different phases was discarded, confirming the compatibility of this tri-layer asymmetric ceramic membrane for oxygen production purposes. For the first time, a freeze-cast tubular membrane has been evaluated for oxygen permeation, exhibiting a value of 0.31 ml·min−1·cm−2 at 1000ºC under air and argon as feed and sweep gases, respectively. Finally, under the same conditions and increasing the oxygen partial pressure to get pure oxygen as feed, the oxygen permeation reached 1.07 ml·min−1·cm−2.
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10
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Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conducting Membranes (MIEC) for Their Application in Membrane Reactors: A Review. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7030128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed ionic-electronic conducting membranes have seen significant progress over the last 25 years as efficient ways to obtain oxygen separation from air and for their integration in chemical production systems where pure oxygen in small amounts is needed. Perovskite materials are the most employed materials for membrane preparation. However, they have poor phase stability and are prone to poisoning when subjected to CO2 and SO2, which limits their industrial application. To solve this, the so-called dual-phase membranes are attracting greater attention. In this review, recent advances on self-supported and supported oxygen membranes and factors that affect the oxygen permeation and membrane stability are presented. Possible ways for further improvements that can be pursued to increase the oxygen permeation rate are also indicated. Lastly, an overview of the most relevant examples of membrane reactors in which oxygen membranes have been integrated are provided.
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11
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Chu W, Luo J, Paul S, Liu Y, Khodakov A, Bordes E. Synthesis and performance of vanadium-based catalysts for the selective oxidation of light alkanes. Catal Today 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Bragina O, Nemudry A. Influence of Mo-doping on structure and oxygen permeation properties of SrCo 0.8−x Fe 0.2 Mo x O 3-δ perovskite membranes for oxygen separation. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Saha D, Grappe HA, Chakraborty A, Orkoulas G. Postextraction Separation, On-Board Storage, and Catalytic Conversion of Methane in Natural Gas: A Review. Chem Rev 2016; 116:11436-11499. [PMID: 27557280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In today's perspective, natural gas has gained considerable attention, due to its low emission, indigenous availability, and improvement in the extraction technology. Upon extraction, it undergoes several purification protocols including dehydration, sweetening, and inert rejection. Although purification is a commercially established technology, several drawbacks of the current process provide an essential impetus for developing newer separation protocols, most importantly, adsorption and membrane separation. This Review summarizes the needs of natural gas separation, gives an overview of the current technology, and provides a detailed discussion of the progress in research on separation and purification of natural gas including the benefits and drawbacks of each of the processes. The transportation sector is another growing sector of natural gas utilization, and it requires an efficient and safe on-board storage system. Compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) are the most common forms in which natural gas can be stored. Adsorbed natural gas (ANG) is an alternate storage system of natural gas, which is advantageous as compared to CNG and LNG in terms of safety and also in terms of temperature and pressure requirements. This Review provides a detailed discussion on ANG along with computation predictions. The catalytic conversion of methane to different useful chemicals including syngas, methanol, formaldehyde, dimethyl ether, heavier hydrocarbons, aromatics, and hydrogen is also reviewed. Finally, direct utilization of methane onto fuel cells is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipendu Saha
- Chemical Engineering Department, Widener University , 1 University Place, Chester, Pennsylvania 19013, United States
| | - Hippolyte A Grappe
- RMX Technologies , 835 Innovation Drive, Suite 200, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932, United States
| | - Amlan Chakraborty
- Entegris Inc. , 10 Forge Park, Franklin, Massachusetts 02038, United States
| | - Gerassimos Orkoulas
- Chemical Engineering Department, Widener University , 1 University Place, Chester, Pennsylvania 19013, United States
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14
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De Falco M, Salladini A, Palo E, Iaquaniello G. Pd-Alloy Membrane Reactor for Natural Gas Steam Reforming: an Innovative Process Design for the Capture of CO2. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcello De Falco
- Faculty
of Engineering, University of Rome “Campus Bio-Medico”, Via
Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Emma Palo
- Kinetics
Technology
S.p.A., Viale Castello della Magliana
75, 00148 Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Iaquaniello
- Kinetics
Technology
S.p.A., Viale Castello della Magliana
75, 00148 Rome, Italy
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15
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Effects of step-feeding and internal recycling on nitrogen removal in ceramic membrane bioreactors, and their hydraulic backwashing characteristics. Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Liao Q, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wei Y, Wang H. Novel bifunctional tantalum and bismuth co-doped perovskite BaBi0.05Co0.8Ta0.15O3−δ with high oxygen permeation. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Ultra-high oxygen permeable BaBiCoNb hollow fiber membranes and their stability under pure CH4 atmosphere. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Wei Y, Liao Q, Li Z, Wang H, Feldhoff A, Caro J. Partial oxidation of methane in hollow-fiber membrane reactors based on alkaline-earth metal-free CO2-tolerant oxide. AIChE J 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; 510640 Guangzhou China
- Inst. of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover; Callinstrasse 3A 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Qing Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Zhong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Haihui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Armin Feldhoff
- Inst. of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover; Callinstrasse 3A 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Juergen Caro
- Inst. of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover; Callinstrasse 3A 30167 Hannover Germany
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19
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Kozhevnikov VL, Leonidov IA, Patrakeev MV. Ceramic membranes with mixed conductivity and their application. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2013v082n08abeh004397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Anderson M, Lin Y. Carbon dioxide separation and dry reforming of methane for synthesis of syngas by a dual-phase membrane reactor. AIChE J 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Anderson
- School for Engineering of Matter; Transport and Energy, Arizona State University; Tempe; AZ; 85287-6106
| | - Y.S. Lin
- School for Engineering of Matter; Transport and Energy, Arizona State University; Tempe; AZ; 85287-6106
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21
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22
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Crapanzano S, Babich IV, Lefferts L. The influence of over-stoichiometry in La2Ni0.9V0.1O4.15+δ on selective oxidative dehydrogenation of propane. Catal Today 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2012.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Kathiraser Y, Wang Z, Yang NT, Zahid S, Kawi S. Oxygen permeation and stability study of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Ga0.2O3−δ (LSCG) hollow fiber membrane with exposure to CO2, CH4 and He. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Tan X, Shi L, Hao G, Meng B, Liu S. La0.7Sr0.3FeO3−α perovskite hollow fiber membranes for oxygen permeation and methane conversion. Sep Purif Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2012.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Frank P, Caruso F, Caponetti E. Ancient wood of the Acqualadrone rostrum: materials history through gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and sulfur X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2012; 84:4419-28. [PMID: 22545724 PMCID: PMC3353731 DOI: 10.1021/ac3001258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In 2008 the rostrum from an ancient warship was recovered from the Mediterranean near Acqualadrone, Sicily. To establish its provenance and condition, samples of black and brown rostrum wood were examined using sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). GC/MS of pyrolytic volatiles yielded only guaiacyl derivatives, indicating construction from pinewood. A derivatized extract of black wood yielded forms of abietic acid and sandaracopimaric acid consistent with pine pitch waterproofing. Numerical fits to the sulfur K-edge XAS spectra showed that about 65% of the endogenous sulfur consisted of thiols and disulfides. Elemental sulfur was about 2% and 7% in black and brown wood, respectively, while pyritic sulfur was about 12% and 6%. About 2% of the sulfur in both wood types was modeled as trimethylsulfonium, possibly reflecting biogenic (dimethylsulfonio)propionate. High-valent sulfur was exclusively represented by sulfate esters, consistent with bacterial sulfotransferase activity. Traces of chloride were detected, but no free sulfate ion. In summary, the rostrum was manufactured of pine wood and subsequently waterproofed with pine pitch. The subsequent 2300 years included battle, foundering, and marine burial followed by anoxia, bacterial colonization, sulfate reduction, and mobilization of transition metals, which produced pyrite and copious appended sulfur functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Frank
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
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26
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Kim JP, Son SH, Park JH, Lee YT. Fabrication and Permeation Properties of Tubular Ba 0.7Sr 0.5CO 0.8Fe 0.2O 3-δMembranes for Oxygen Separation. KOREAN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.9713/kcer.2011.49.6.804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Gong Z, Hong L. Integration of air separation and partial oxidation of methane in the La0.4Ba0.6Fe0.8Zn0.2O3−δ membrane reactor. J Memb Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Kniep J, Lin Y. Partial Oxidation of Methane and Oxygen Permeation in SrCoFeOx Membrane Reactor with Different Catalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie2001346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay Kniep
- Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Energy and Transport, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-6106, United States
| | - Y.S. Lin
- Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Energy and Transport, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-6106, United States
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29
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Zhang K, Sunarso J, Shao Z, Zhou W, Sun C, Wang S, Liu S. Research progress and materials selection guidelines on mixed conducting perovskite-type ceramic membranes for oxygen production. RSC Adv 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ra00419k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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30
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Jiang Q, Faraji S, Slade DA, Stagg-Williams SM. A Review of Mixed Ionic and Electronic Conducting Ceramic Membranes as Oxygen Sources for High-Temperature Reactors. INORGANIC POLYMERIC AND COMPOSITE MEMBRANES - STRUCTURE, FUNCTION AND OTHER CORRELATIONS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-53728-7.00011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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31
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Taheri Z, Nazari K, Seyed-Matin N, Safekordi AA, Ghanbari B, Zarrinpashne S, Ahmadi R. Comparison of oxygen permeation through some perovskite membranes synthesized with EDTNAD. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-010-0158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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Li Q, Zhu X, He Y, Yang W. Oxygen permeability and stability of BaCe0.1Co0.4Fe0.5O3−δ oxygen permeable membrane. Sep Purif Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2009.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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33
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Catalytic partial oxidation of methane over SrTiO3 with oxygen-permeable membrane reactor. CATAL COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2010.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ge L, Shao Z, Zhang K, Ran R, Diniz da Costa J, Liu S. Evaluation of mixed-conducting lanthanum-strontium-cobaltite ceramic membrane for oxygen separation. AIChE J 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.11857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Tan X, Li K. Design of mixed conducting ceramic membranes/reactors for the partial oxidation of methane to syngas. AIChE J 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.11873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wang H, Feldhoff A, Caro J, Schiestel T, Werth S. Oxygen selective ceramic hollow fiber membranes for partial oxidation of methane. AIChE J 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.11856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Tan X, Thursfield A, Metcalfe IS, Li K. Analysis of a perovskite ceramic hollow fibre membrane reactor for the partial oxidation of methane to syngas. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Zhang H, Wang T, Dong X, Lin W. Preparation and oxygen permeation properties of SrFe(Cu)O3−δ dense ceramic membranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1003-9953(08)60084-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hong X, Wang Y. Partial oxidation of methane to syngas catalyzed by a nickel nanowire catalyst. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1003-9953(08)60074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zirconia promoted metallic nickel catalysts for the partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas. CATAL COMMUN 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2008.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Luo H, Tian B, Wei Y, Wang H, Jiang H, Caro J. Oxygen permeability and structural stability of a novel tantalum-doped perovskite BaCo0.7Fe0.2Ta0.1O3−δ. AIChE J 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.12044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wang Z, Yang N, Meng B, Tan X, Li K. Preparation and Oxygen Permeation Properties of Highly Asymmetric La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−α Perovskite Hollow-Fiber Membranes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ie8010462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China 255049
| | - Naitao Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China 255049
| | - Bo Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China 255049
| | - Xiaoyao Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China 255049
| | - K. Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Preparation of Ca0.8Sr0.2Ti1−xFexO3−δ (x=0.1–0.3) nanoparticles using a flow supercritical reaction system. J Supercrit Fluids 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2008.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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The oxidative stream reforming of methane to syngas in a thin tubular mixed-conducting membrane reactor. J Memb Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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