1
|
Yu M, Xu W, Jie Y, Pang J, Huang S, Cao J, Gong J, Li X, Chong Y. Identification and validation of three core genes in p53 signaling pathway in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:66. [PMID: 33685467 PMCID: PMC7938465 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02174-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer and the leading cause is persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We aimed to identify some core genes and pathways for HBV-related HCC. METHODS Gene expression profiles of GSE62232, GSE121248, and GSE94660 were available from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The GSE62232 and GSE121248 profiles were the analysis datasets and GSE94660 was the validation dataset. The GEO2R online tool and Venn diagram software were applied to analyze commonly differentially expressed genes between HBV-related HCC tissues and normal tissues. Then, functional enrichment analysis using Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) as well as the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was conducted. The overall survival rates and the expression levels were detected by Kaplan-Meier plotter and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). Next, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to verify the KEGG pathway analysis. Furthermore, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate the levels of these three core genes in tumor tissues and adjacent non-tumor liver tissues from 12 HBV related HCC patients, HBV-associated liver cancer cell lines and normal liver cell lines, and HepG2 with p53 knockdown or deletion, respectively. RESULTS Fifteen highly expressed genes associated with significantly worse prognoses were selected and CCNB1, CDK1, and RRM2 in the p53 signaling pathway were identified as core genes. GSEA results showed that samples highly expressing three core genes were all enriched in the p53 signaling pathway in a validation dataset (P < 0.0001). The expression of these three core genes in tumor tissue samples was higher than that in relevant adjacent non-tumor liver tissues (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, we also found that the above genes were highly expressed in liver cancer cell lines compared with normal liver cells. In addition, we found that the expression of these three core genes in p53 knockdown or knockout HCC cell lines was lower than that in negative control HCC cell lines (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS CCNB1, CDK1, and RRM2 were enriched in the p53 signaling pathway and could be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HBV-related HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenli Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yusheng Jie
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiahui Pang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Siqi Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiao Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinhua Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Yutian Chong
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Bao J, Huang J, Zhang H. Apiosporamide, A 4-hydroxy-2-pyridone Alkaloid, Induces Apoptosis Via PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway In Osteosarcoma Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8611-8620. [PMID: 31695421 PMCID: PMC6814361 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s218692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common primary malignant bone tumour in children and young adults. Apiosporamide, a 4-hydroxy-2-pyridone alkaloid from a deep-sea-derived fungus, Arthrinium sp. UJNMF0008, showed anti-proliferative effects toward a panel of human cancer cell lines, and the molecular mechanism in MG63 cells was then investigated in the current work. METHODS Cell viability was determined with MTT method. Cell proliferation was detected using colony-formation assay. Screening electron microscope was used for morphology observation. Cell cycle and apoptosis was analysed via flow cytometry. Real-time PCR was conducted to evaluate the mRNA expression related with cell apoptosis. The expression levels of proteins related to capase-mediated apoptotic pathway and PI3K/Akt signalling pathway were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Apiosporamide significantly decreased cell viability in cancer cells, and also exhibited excellent anti-proliferative effect. Apiosporamide caused cell cycle arrests at G0/G1 phase in MG63 cells. Moreover, apiosporamide induced apoptosis, activated caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, and regulated expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in MG63 cells. In addition, apiosporamide also attenuated PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Apiosporamide effectively suppressed MG63 cells proliferation by inducing apoptosis through PI3K/Akt and caspase-associated apoptotic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Bao
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jintian Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Induction of Apoptosis and Cytotoxicity by Raphasatin in Human Breast Adenocarcinoma MCF-7 Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123092. [PMID: 30486382 PMCID: PMC6321584 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucoraphasatin (GRH), a glucosinolate present abundantly in the plants of the Brassicaceae family, is hydrolyzed by myrosinase to raphasatin, which is considered responsible for its cancer chemopreventive activity; however, the underlying mechanisms of action have not been investigated, particularly in human cell lines. The aims of this study are to determine the cytotoxicity of raphasatin, and to evaluate its potential to cause apoptosis and modulate cell cycle arrest in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells. The cytotoxicity was determined following incubation of the cells with glucoraphasatin or raphasatin (0–100 µM), for 24, 48, and 72 h. GRH displayed no cytotoxicity as exemplified by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. When myrosinase was added to the incubation system to convert GRH to raphasatin, cytotoxicity was evident. Exposure of the cells to raphasatin stimulated apoptosis, as was exemplified by cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, and nuclear fragmentation. Moreover, using Annexin V-FITC assay, raphasatin induced apoptosis, as witnessed by changes in cellular distribution of cells, at different stages of apoptosis; in addition, raphasatin caused the arrest of the MCF-7 cells at the G2 + M phase. In conclusion, raphasatin demonstrated cancer chemopreventive potential against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells, through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
Collapse
|
4
|
Saturno G, Pesenti M, Cavazzoli C, Rossi A, Giusti AM, Gierke B, Pawlak M, Venturi M. Expression of Serine/Threonine Protein-Kinases and Related Factors in Normal Monkey and Human Retinas: The Mechanistic Understanding of a CDK2 Inhibitor Induced Retinal Toxicity. Toxicol Pathol 2016; 35:972-83. [DOI: 10.1080/01926230701748271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein-kinase inhibitors are among the most advanced compounds in development using the new drug discovery paradigm of developing small-molecule drugs against specific molecular targets in cancer. After treatment with a cyclin dependent kinase CDK2 inhibitor in monkey, histopathological analysis of the eye showed specific cellular damage in the photoreceptor layer. Since this CDK2 inhibitor showed activity also on other CDKs, in order to investigate the mechanism of toxicity of this compound, we isolated cones and rods from the retina of normal monkey and humans by Laser Capture Microdissection. Using Real-Time PCR we first measured the expression of cyclin dependent protein-kinases (CDK)1, 2, 4, 5, Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and microtubule associated protein TAU. We additionally verified the presence of these proteins in monkey eye sections by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis and afterwards quantified GSK3β , phospho-GSK3β and TAU by Reverse Phase Protein Microarrays. With this work we demonstrate how complementary gene expression and protein-based technologies constitute a powerful tool for the understanding of the molecular mechanism of a CDK2 inhibitor induced toxicity. Moreover, this investigative approach is helpful to better understand and characterize the mechanism of species-specific toxicities and further support a rational, molecular mechanism-based safety assessment in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Saturno
- Nerviano Medical Sciences (NMS), Accelera, v.le Pasteur 10, 20014 Nerviano MI, Italy
| | - Manuela Pesenti
- Nerviano Medical Sciences (NMS), Accelera, v.le Pasteur 10, 20014 Nerviano MI, Italy
| | - Cristiano Cavazzoli
- Nerviano Medical Sciences (NMS), Accelera, v.le Pasteur 10, 20014 Nerviano MI, Italy
| | - Anna Rossi
- Nerviano Medical Sciences (NMS), Accelera, v.le Pasteur 10, 20014 Nerviano MI, Italy
| | - Anna M. Giusti
- Nerviano Medical Sciences (NMS), Accelera, v.le Pasteur 10, 20014 Nerviano MI, Italy
| | - Berthold Gierke
- Natural and Medical Sciences Institute (NMI), at the University of Tuebingen, Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Michael Pawlak
- Natural and Medical Sciences Institute (NMI), at the University of Tuebingen, Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Miro Venturi
- Nerviano Medical Sciences (NMS), Accelera, v.le Pasteur 10, 20014 Nerviano MI, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Linares J, Matesanz MC, Feito MJ, Salavagione HJ, Martínez G, Gómez-Fatou M, Portolés MT. Influence of the covalent immobilization of graphene oxide in poly(vinyl alcohol) on human osteoblast response. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 138:50-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
6
|
Yuan H, Liu H, Tai W, Wang F, Zhang Y, Yao S, Ran T, Lu S, Ke Z, Xiong X, Xu J, Chen Y, Lu T. Molecular modelling on small molecular CDK2 inhibitors: an integrated approach using a combination of molecular docking, 3D-QSAR and pharmacophore modelling. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2013; 24:795-817. [PMID: 23941641 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2013.815655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) has been identified as an important target for developing novel anticancer agents. Molecular docking, three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) and pharmacophore modelling were combined with the ultimate goal of studying the structure-activity relationship of CDK2 inhibitors. The comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) model constructed based on a set of 3-aminopyrazole derivatives as CDK2 inhibitors gave statistically significant results (q (2) = 0.700; r (2) = 0.982). A HypoGen pharmacophore model, constructed using diverse CDK2 inhibitors, also showed significant statistics ([Formula: see text]Cost = 61.483; RMSD = 0.53; Correlation coefficient = 0.98). The small residues and error values between the estimated and experimental activities of the training and test set compounds proved their strong capability of activity prediction. The structural insights obtained from these two models were consistent with each other. The pharmacophore model summarized the important pharmacophoric features required for protein-ligand binding. The 3D contour maps in combination with the comprehensive pharmacophoric features helped to better interpret the structure-activity relationship. The results will be beneficial for the discovery and design of novel CDK2 inhibitors. The simplicity of this approach provides expansion to its applicability in optimizing other classes of small molecular CDK2 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Yuan
- a Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Matesanz MC, Vila M, Feito MJ, Linares J, Gonçalves G, Vallet-Regi M, Marques PAA, Portolés MT. The effects of graphene oxide nanosheets localized on F-actin filaments on cell-cycle alterations. Biomaterials 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
8
|
Shen L, Du G. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide stimulates proliferation of MCF-7 cells by the ERK pathway. Life Sci 2012; 91:353-7. [PMID: 22921303 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-proliferative effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on MCF-7 cells. MAIN METHODS MCF-7 cells were treated with 0, 10, 30, 100, and 300 μg/ml LBP for 24 h. The cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. MEK inhibitor, U1206 also was added in MCF-7 cells to deal with LBP (300 μg/ml) for different times (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, 24 h). Western blotting was used to indicate changes in the levels of ERK (extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase) and phosphorylation-ERK (p-ERK) to compare the relationship between ERK activity and LBP. The expressions of p53, p-p53 and p21 were observed by western blotting to analyze the relationship between p53 and ERK which was under the treatment of LBP. KEY FINDINGS The MCF-7 cell cycle was arrested in S phase with the treatment of LBP. The LBP can also activate ERK, which may be associated with p53 pathway. There was a dose-dependent increase in the relation between the degree of ERK activation and LBP. SIGNIFICANCE LBP induces the anti-proliferation of MCF-7 cells by activating ERK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Noori S, Hassan ZM. Tehranolide inhibits proliferation of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by inducing G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 52:1987-99. [PMID: 22366652 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 01/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tehranolide, a novel natural sesquiterpene lactone with an endoperoxide group, bears a structural similarity to artemisinin and has been shown to inhibit cell growth. However, the underlying mechanisms of these activities remain obscure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the fundamental mechanisms by which tehranolide inhibits growth in MCF-7 cells. Cell growth was determined by using the MTT viability assay and counting cells. Apoptosis and cell-cycle progression were evaluated by means of Hoechst 33258 staining, flow cytometry with annexin-V/propidium iodide double staining, and ROS formation. The protein expression of Bax and Bcl-2 was demonstrated by Western blotting. Moreover, to determine the molecular mechanism whereby tehranolide mediates G0/G1 arrest, the expression of PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, p27kip1, cyclin D1, and CDK4 was monitored. Cell proliferation was significantly inhibited by tehranolide in a dose- and time-dependent manner. This compound inhibited cell proliferation and induced G0/G1 arrest through the PI3K/Akt/cyclin D1 pathway. It also induced apoptosis and an increase in ROS. In addition, an increase in cytochrome c and Bax, as well as a decrease in Bcl-2, was observed. Moreover, blocking the CD95 receptor with an anti-CD95 antibody (ZB4) had no effect on tehranolide-mediated apoptosis. This study has yielded promising results, which show for the first time that tehranolide does inhibit the growth of cancer cells. The selective inhibition of cancer cell growth, the apoptosis induction via the mitochondrial pathway, and the G0/G1 arrest by modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and downregulating cyclin D1, which leads to the release of p27kip1 and the association of this inhibitor with the cyclin E/CDK2 complex, ultimately preventing cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase, all serve to provide support for further studies of tehranolide as a possible anticancer drug in the clinical treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shokoofe Noori
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
|
11
|
Youn MJ, Kim JK, Park SY, Kim Y, Kim SJ, Lee JS, Chai KY, Kim HJ, Cui MX, So HS, Kim KY, Park R. Chaga mushroom ( Inonotus obliquus) induces G 0/G 1 arrest and apoptosis in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14:511-7. [PMID: 18203281 PMCID: PMC2681140 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.14.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) water extract on human hepatoma cell lines, HepG2 and Hep3B cells.
METHODS: The cytotoxicity of Chaga extract was screened by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Morphological observation, flow cytometry analysis, Western blot were employed to elucidate the cytotoxic mechanism of Chaga extract.
RESULTS: HepG2 cells were more sensitive to Chaga extract than Hep3B cells, as demonstrated by markedly reduced cell viability. Chaga extract inhibited the cell growth in a dose-dependent manner, which was accompanied with G0/G1-phase arrest and apoptotic cell death. In addition, G0/G1 arrest in the cell cycle was closely associated with down-regulation of p53, pRb, p27, cyclins D1, D2, E, cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 2, Cdk4, and Cdk6 expression.
CONCLUSION: Chaga mushroom may provide a new therapeutic option, as a potential anticancer agent, in the treatment of hepatoma.
Collapse
|