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Sioziou E, Kakouri A, Bosnea L, Samelis J. Antilisterial activity of raw sheep milk from two native Epirus breeds: Culture-dependent identification, bacteriocin gene detection and primary safety evaluation of the antagonistic LAB biota. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2023; 6:100209. [PMID: 38116185 PMCID: PMC10727937 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2023.100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Raw milk from native small ruminant breeds in Epirus, Greece, is a valuable natural source of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains with superior biotechnological properties. In this study, two bulk milks (RM1, RM2) from two local sheep yards, intended for traditional Kefalotyri cheese production, were preselected for bacteriocin-like antilisterial activity by in vitro tests. Their antagonistic LAB biota was quantified followed by polyphasic (16S rRNA gene sequencing; IGS for Enterococcus; a multiplex-PCR for Leuconostoc) identification of 42 LAB (RM1/18; RM2/24) isolates further evaluated for bacteriocin encoding genes and primary safety traits. Representative isolates of the numerically dominant mesophilic LAB were Leuconostoc mesenteroides (10) in both RMs, Streptococcus parauberis (7) in RM2, and Lactococcus lactis (1) in RM1; the subdominant thermophilic LAB isolates were Enterococcus durans (8), E. faecium (6), E. faecalis (3), E. hirae (1), E. hermanniensis (1), Streptococcus lutetiensis (2), S. equinus (1) and S. gallolyticus (1). Based on their rpoB, araA, dsr and sorA profiles, six Ln. mesenteroides strains (8 isolates) were atypical lying between the subspecies mesenteroides and dextranicum, whereas two strains profiled with Ln. mesenteroides subsp. jonggajibkimchi that is first-time reported in Greek dairy food. Two RM1 E. faecium strain biotypes (3 isolates) showed strong, enterocin-mediated antilisterial activity due to entA/entB/entP possession. One E. durans from RM1 possessed entA and entP, while additional nine RM2 isolates of the E. faecium/durans group processed entA or entP singly. All showed direct (cell-associated) antilisterial activity only, as also both S. lutetiensis strains from RM2 did strongly. Desirably, no LAB isolate was β-hemolyrtic, or cytolysin-positive, or possessed vanA, vanB for vancomycin resistance, or agg, espA, hyl, and IS16 virulence genes. However, all three E. faecalis from RM2 possessed gelE and/or ace virulence genes. In conclusion, all Ln. mesenteroides strains, the two safe, enterocin A-B-P-producing E. faecium strains, and the two antilisterial S. lutetiensis strains should be validated further as potential costarter or adjunct cultures in Kefalotyri cheese. The prevalence of α-hemolytic pyogenic streptococci in raw milk, mainly S. parauberis in RM2, requires consideration in respect to subclinical mastitis in sheep and the farm hygiene overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Sioziou
- Department of Dairy Research, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization – DIMITRA, Ethnikis Antistaseos 3, Katsikas, Ioannina 45221, Greece
| | - Athanasia Kakouri
- Department of Dairy Research, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization – DIMITRA, Ethnikis Antistaseos 3, Katsikas, Ioannina 45221, Greece
| | - Loulouda Bosnea
- Department of Dairy Research, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization – DIMITRA, Ethnikis Antistaseos 3, Katsikas, Ioannina 45221, Greece
| | - John Samelis
- Department of Dairy Research, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization – DIMITRA, Ethnikis Antistaseos 3, Katsikas, Ioannina 45221, Greece
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Bonilla-Luque OM, Possas A, Cabo ML, Rodríguez-López P, Valero A. Tracking microbial quality, safety and environmental contamination sources in artisanal goat cheesemaking factories. Food Microbiol 2023; 114:104301. [PMID: 37290877 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A harmonised microbiological survey was performed in two artisanal factories of raw goat milk cheeses (A and B) located in the Andalusian region (Spain). A total of 165 different control points or samples (raw materials, final products, food-contact surfaces [FCS], and air) were examined as microbial and pathogen sources of contamination of artisanal goat raw milk cheeses. For raw milk samples analysed from both producers, the concentrations of aerobic-mesophilic bacteria (AMB), total coliforms, coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp. (CPS), lactic-acid bacteria (LAB) and moulds and yeasts ranged between 3.48 and 8.59, 2.45-5.48, 3.42-4.81, 4.99-8.59 and 3.35-6.85 log cfu/mL respectively. For the same microbial groups, the analysis of raw milk cheeses revealed concentrations ranging from 7.82 to 8.88, 2.00-6.82, 2.00-5.28, 8.11-9.57 and 2.00-5.76 log cfu/g, respectively. Although the raw material analysed from producer A presented higher microbial loads and between-batch variability, it was B the producer with the most loaded final products. Regarding the microbial air quality, the fermentation area, storage room, milk reception and packaging room were the most AMB loaded places, while the ripening chamber was the area with higher fungal loads in bioareosol from both producers. Conveyor belts, cutting machine, storage boxes and brine tank were highlighted as the most contaminated FCS evaluated. Staphylococcus aureus was the only pathogen detected within the set of 51 isolates from samples as revealed by MALDI-TOF and molecular PCR, with a prevalence of 12.5% for samples from the producer B. The public health risk attributed to the consumption of artisanal goat cheese should not be neglected, and may consider the whole cheesemaking processing chain, from microbiological quality of raw milk to the ready-to-eat final product, especially concerning the presence of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga María Bonilla-Luque
- Department of Food Science and Technology, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Rabanales, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Arícia Possas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Rabanales, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Marta L Cabo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Technology of Marine Products (MICROTEC), Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas, CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Pedro Rodríguez-López
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Technology of Marine Products (MICROTEC), Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas, CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain; Department of Animal and Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Travessera Dels Turons S/n, 08193, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Antonio Valero
- Department of Food Science and Technology, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Rabanales, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.
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3
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Moatsou G. Heat treatment of goat milk – A review. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2022.105569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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4
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Beltrán M, Sanna A, Quintanilla P, Montes R, Molina M. Quinolones in goats’ milk: effect on the cheese-making process, chemical and microbial characteristics of acid-coagulated cheeses. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2022.105538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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5
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Hempstead SC, Gensler CA, Keelara S, Brennan M, Urie NJ, Wiedenheft AM, Marshall KL, Morningstar-Shaw B, Lantz K, Cray PF, Jacob ME. Detection and molecular characterization of Salmonella species on U.S. goat operations. Prev Vet Med 2022; 208:105766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Muelas R, Romero G, Díaz JR, Monllor P, Fernández-López J, Viuda-Martos M, Cano-Lamadrid M, Sendra E. Quality and Functional Parameters of Fermented Milk Obtained from Goat Milk Fed with Broccoli and Artichoke Plant By-Products. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172601. [PMID: 36076787 PMCID: PMC9455734 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Large amount of vegetal by-products are generated during production and processing steps. Introducing silage from vegetable by-products into dairy goat feed would be of great interest from the point of view of reducing costs and supporting the circular economy. The aim of this research was to study the effect of 40% inclusion of silage broccoli by-products and artichoke plant by-products in the diet of Murciano-Granadina goats throughout the lactation to establish milk suitability for fermented milks production. The novelty of this study is the use of milk from goats fed for a long term with a high inclusion of silages from artichoke plant and broccoli by-products, being the first one on broccoli inclusion. Two starter cultures thermophilic (YO-MIXTM300), and, mesophilic (MA400) were used and fermented milks were analyzed at two storage times after fermentation. Fermentation enhances antioxidant properties of fermented milks from all diets (p < 0.05), especially when mesophilic starter cultures are used. The main findings are that long term inclusion of 40% silage from broccoli and artichoke plant by-products in balanced diets of dairy goats yields milk suitable for fermentation by yogurt and cheese cultures, the inclusion of broccoli silage enhances antioxidant properties (p < 0.05), and, the inclusion of plant artichoke enhances fatty acids health indexes (p < 0.05).
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Jiménez-Redondo N, Vargas A, Teruel-Andreu C, Lipan L, Muelas R, Hernández-García F, Sendra E, Cano-Lamadrid M. Evaluation of cinnammon (Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum verum) enriched yoghurt during refrigerated storage. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Effect of starter culture, probiotics, and flavor additives on physico-chemical, rheological, and sensory properties of cow and goat dessert yogurts. Eur Food Res Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-021-03955-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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9
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Gecaj RM, Ajazi FC, Bytyqi H, Mehmedi B, Çadraku H, Ismaili M. Somatic Cell Number, Physicochemical, and Microbiological Parameters of Raw Milk of Goats During the End of Lactation as Compared by Breeds and Number of Lactations. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:694114. [PMID: 34540931 PMCID: PMC8446551 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.694114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed for the evaluation of somatic cell count (SCC), physicochemical, and microbiological parameters during the end of lactation in the raw milk of Alpine and native Red goat breed. In the experiment, 102 milk samples from Alpine and native Red goats were included. Two different groups within the same breed were analyzed: a group consisting of animals in their first lactation and the second group consisting of animals from the fifth lactation. The milk samples were individually and daily collected during late lactation for three consecutive weeks, and milk fat, protein, lactose, SCC, and total bacteria with enterobacteria were assessed. Fresh milk of goats from late lactation period had a number of somatic cells (SC) within the expected value with log10 of 5.8–6.18 cells/ml for the compared groups. In both breeds, the total mesophilic bacteria were fewer in numbers, however, in the native Red goat, a larger population of such bacteria was enumerated. The number of coliforms and enterobacteria was below 100 cfu/ml. In the current study, we were able to show a significant difference among the studied breeds depending on lactation and season for fat (p = 0.002), but not for lactose and protein content. A positive correlation for total protein (TP), lactose, and fat as well as for lactose and SCC was found in the native Red goat breed. In the Alpine goat breed, a strong positive correlation (0.821**) was found for lactose and enterobacteria count (EC). In conclusion, these findings evaluate different goat milk parameters during late lactation period and provide an indirect measure to monitor goat mammary gland health for both breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rreze M Gecaj
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Flutura C Ajazi
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo.,Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, University for Business and Technology-Higher Education Institution, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Hysen Bytyqi
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Blerta Mehmedi
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Hazir Çadraku
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, University for Business and Technology-Higher Education Institution, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Muharrem Ismaili
- Institute of Microbiology, Vifor Pharma, Glattbrugg, Switzerland
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Scogings PF, Demmer S, Hattas D. Spinescence and Total Phenolic Content Do Not Influence Diet Preference of a Critically Endangered Megaherbivore, but the Mix of Compounds Does. J Chem Ecol 2021; 47:322-333. [PMID: 33651225 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01258-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to understanding spinescence in savanna woody species, little is known about the functions of plant secondary metabolites (PSM). Negative effects of PSMs on individual animal performance potentially translate into negative effects on herbivore population growth. Hence, understanding PSM functions is important for the conservation of savanna megafauna. We tested the view that black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) diet preference is not affected by spinescence or total phenolic abundance. We hypothesized that the composition of phenolic mixtures, however, would affect preference. Furthermore, we tested our data from 71 woody species for a trade-off between structural and chemical defenses. Spinescence type, and spinescence generally, did not deter black rhino feeding. Using eco-metabolomic data, we found that total abundance of phenolics did not affect preference, but mixture composition did and that the probability of spinescence trading off against phenolics depended on the mixture. We note that our study was restricted to black rhino and that diet preferences of other mammal herbivores might be influenced by subtle differences in phenolic mixtures. However, our results did support a previous, more detailed study of phenolic profiles of six species showing the same patterns in relation to preference generalised across mammal herbivore species in savannas. Our results represent substantial advancement in the understanding of the roles of PSMs, especially flavonoid compounds, in the functioning of savanna ecosystems, and highlight the need to dig deeper into broad groups of traits such as spinescence or total phenolics to improve understanding of woody plant defenses in savannas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F Scogings
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa.
| | - Stuart Demmer
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa.,Centre for Functional Biodiversity, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
| | - Dawood Hattas
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
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LIMA AMD, CRUZ GRBD, COSTA RGD, RIBEIRO NL, BELTRÃO FILHO EM, SOUSA SD, JUSTINO EDS, SANTOS DGD. Physical-chemical and microbiological quality of milk and cheese of goats fed with bidestilated glycerin. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.27119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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12
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Farmers Profile and Characterization of Sheep and Goat Dairy Chain in Northwestern Greece. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13020833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study, conducted under the ERA-NET ARIMNet2 Project (Agricultural Research in the Mediterranean Network), was to analyze the sheep and goat dairy sector and assess the quality and safety of milk at various stages of the dairy supply chain. The study took place in the north-west part of Greece; 52 farms, one milk collection center, and eight dairy processing companies participated. The results revealed that all farms had access to water and electricity, the majority of them had a license to operate, used non-organic milk, and employed family members. The price of milk was fairly unstable throughout the year. Two major dairy companies produced all year round while others seasonally. Products were sold in retail, wholesale, company-owned stores, and even by door-to-door delivery service. The analyzed milk samples were of good quality and safety. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis revealed the farmers’ determination to continue working in the sector despite milk prices and problems due to the shortage of cash. Local sheep and goat breeds may further be used due to the fact of their good adaptation to the environmental conditions. The future of the Greek dairy chain is promising despite high competition within and outside of the European Union.
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13
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Use of indicator bacteria for monitoring sanitary quality of raw milk cheeses – A literature review. Food Microbiol 2020; 85:103283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.103283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Microbiota of Sardinian Goat's Milk and Preliminary Characterization of Prevalent LAB Species for Starter or Adjunct Cultures Development. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6131404. [PMID: 31360718 PMCID: PMC6644507 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6131404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work was performed to study the microbiota of raw goat's milk (67 samples) collected in different areas of Sardinia, in order to select autochthonous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains for use in goat cheese manufacturing. Total mesophilic bacteria ranged between 105 and 107 cfu/mL; mean counts of Enterobacteriaceae did not exceed 4 log cfu/mL whereas those of E. coli and coagulase-positive staphylococci were lower than 1.5 and 2 log ufc /ml, respectively. Neither Salmonella spp. nor Listeria monocytogenes were recovered. The numbers of total LAB were in the range from 104 to 107 cfu/mL and mean yeasts counts varied between 103 and 105 cfu/mL. The most frequently isolated LAB species were Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and Lactobacillus paracasei. The presence of Enterococcus faecium was also noteworthy. The in vitro study of some functional characteristics related to technological properties of the strains belonging to these species allowed to point out some strains possessing good potential for use as adjunct or starter cultures in the production of cheese.
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Kalhotka L, Přichystalová J, Dostálová L, Šustová K, Hůlová M, Burdová E, Kuchtík J. Comparison of Microbiological Parameters of Fresh Goat Cheeses Produced on Farms in the Czech Republic Using Conventional and Organic Farming Method. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967030695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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El Badawy SA, Amer AMM, Kamel GM, Eldeib KM, Constable PD. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intramammary cefquinome in lactating goats with and without experimentally induced Staphylococcus aureus mastitis. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2019; 42:452-460. [PMID: 31206719 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Values for pharmacokinetic variables are usually obtained in healthy animals, whereas drugs are frequently administered to diseased animals. This study investigated cefquinome pharmacokinetics in healthy goats and goats with experimentally induced mastitis. Five adult lactating goats received 75 mg of cefquinome intramammary infusion using a commercially available product into one udder half in healthy goats and goats with clinical mastitis that was induced by intracisternal infusion of 100 cfu of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 suspended in 5 ml of sterile culture broth. Cefquinome concentrations were determined in plasma and skimmed milk samples using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Pharmacodynamics was investigated using the California Mastitis Test and pH of milk. Experimentally induced mastitis significantly increased the California Mastitis Test score and pH, and decreased the maximal cefquinome concentration and shortened the half-life in milk when compared to healthy goats. In conclusion, mastitis facilitated the absorption of cefquinome from the mammary gland of lactating goats and induced marked changes in milk pH, emphasizing the importance of performing pharmacokinetic studies of antimicrobial agents in infected animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shymaa A El Badawy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aziza M M Amer
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gehan M Kamel
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Kamal M Eldeib
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - Peter D Constable
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Muelas R, Martí de Olives A, Romero G, Díaz J, Sayas-Barberá M, Sendra E. Evaluation of individual lactic acid bacteria for the fermentation of goat milk: Quality parameters. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Differences in the microstructure and rheological properties of low-fat yoghurts from goat, sheep and cow milk. Food Res Int 2018; 108:423-429. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Sandrucci A, Bava L, Tamburini A, Gislon G, Zucali M. Management practices and milk quality in dairy goat farms in Northern Italy. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2018.1466664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sandrucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Luciana Bava
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Tamburini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Gislon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Maddalena Zucali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
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Muelas R, Monllor P, Romero G, Sayas-Barberá E, Navarro C, Díaz JR, Sendra E. Milk Technological Properties as Affected by Including Artichoke By-Products Silages in the Diet of Dairy Goats. Foods 2017; 6:foods6120112. [PMID: 29258226 PMCID: PMC5742780 DOI: 10.3390/foods6120112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional farming practices include the use of local agricultural by-products in the diet of ruminants. Artichoke harvesting and transformation yield high amounts of by-products that, if properly used, may reduce farming costs and the environmental impact of farming. The present study tests the inclusion of silages from artichoke by-products (plant and outer bracts) in the diet of dairy goats (0%, 12.5% and 25% inclusion) on the technological and sensory properties of milk during a five-month study. Milk composition, color, stability, coagulation and fermentation properties remained unaffected by diet changes. Panelists were not able to differentiate among yogurts obtained from those milks by discriminant triangular sensory tests. Silages of artichoke by-products can be included in isoproteic and isoenergetic diets for dairy goats, up to a 25% (feed dry matter), without negatively affecting milk technological and sensory properties whereas reducing feeding costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Muelas
- AgroFood Techonology Department, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ctra. Beniel km 3,2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain.
| | - Paula Monllor
- AgroFood Techonology Department, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ctra. Beniel km 3,2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain.
| | - Gema Romero
- AgroFood Techonology Department, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ctra. Beniel km 3,2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain.
| | - Estrella Sayas-Barberá
- AgroFood Techonology Department, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ctra. Beniel km 3,2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain.
| | - Casilda Navarro
- AgroFood Techonology Department, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ctra. Beniel km 3,2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain.
| | - José Ramón Díaz
- AgroFood Techonology Department, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ctra. Beniel km 3,2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain.
| | - Esther Sendra
- AgroFood Techonology Department, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ctra. Beniel km 3,2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain.
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Massouras T, Triantaphyllopoulos KA, Theodossiou I. Chemical composition, protein fraction and fatty acid profile of donkey milk during lactation. Int Dairy J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mastrangelo S, Tolone M, Montalbano M, Tortorici L, Di Gerlando R, Sardina MT, Portolano B. Population genetic structure and milk production traits in Girgentana goat breed. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/an15431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the genetic status of the Girgentana goat, an endangered breed from Sicily (Italy), using microsatellite markers. Furthermore, as the main purpose of the Girgentana breed is milk production, quantitative milk traits were investigated, including fatty acid profile. Molecular data from CSN1S1, CSN2, CSN1S2, and CSN3 casein genes were also used to infer haplotypes. A total of 264 individuals were collected. Samples of Maltese (n = 41) and Derivata di Siria (n = 33) goat breeds were also used to understand the genetic relationship among breeds. Test-day records for milk production were collected to determine daily milk yield, fat, protein, casein, lactose, and somatic cell count. Individual milk samples were also collected for fatty acid extraction. Wright’s statistics, gene flow, Nei genetic distance, factorial correspondence analysis, and Bayesian assignment test showed the existence of genetic variability and differentiation among breeds. The AMOVA results indicated that 89.96% of the total variance was partitioned within populations. The Girgentana breed appears to have a subdivided population, and has not experienced a recent bottleneck. A high variability in milk yield was observed. Mean morning milk yield was 1448 ± 404 g, with 4.30 ± 0.87% and 3.72 ± 0.44% of fat and protein percentages, respectively. The average somatic cell count found in Girgentana goat milk was higher than the threshold of 1 500 000 cells/mL advised in Europe for fresh milk. Gross milk and fatty acid composition were similar to that reported in the literature for other local goat breeds.
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Peixoto RDM, Araújo RDMP, Peixoto LJES, Rocha WS, Sá MDCAD, Costa MMD. COMPOSIÇÃO DO LEITE DE CABRAS SAANEN INFECTADAS EXPERIMENTALMENTE COM Staphylococcus aureus E SUBMETIDAS A DOIS PROTOCOLOS DE TRATAMENTO. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1089-6891v17i334876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo: Neste estudo, objetivou-se avaliar a composição química do leite após a infecção e tratamento da mastite induzida por S. Aureus. Foram utilizadas 10 fêmeas caprinas da raça Saanen. Fez-se a infecção experimental em 20 glândulas mamárias, formando-se quatro grupos experimentais, sendo cada um composto por cinco glândulas mamárias. Um grupo foi tratado com antimicrobiano comercial e outro com pomada à base de extrato natural de planta. Os demais grupos foram constituídos controles. Os valores obtidos para gordura, lactose, proteína, sólidos totais e produção leiteira foram analisados ao longo dos momentos experimentais, comparando-os entre si e entre os grupos experimentais. A mastite foi diagnosticada 24 horas pós inoculação, utilizando-se a lactocultura. Os animais não apresentaram alterações nos parâmetros clínicos avaliados. Para os percentuais de gordura, proteína e sólidos totais, observou-se uma elevação ao longo dos momentos experimentais, sem variação entre os grupos experimentais. Tendo em vista a importância da terapia antimicrobiana convencional e a crescente utilização de antimicrobianos naturais, os resultados obtidos mostram igualdade entre as duas opções terapêuticas, principalmente no aspecto de manutenção dos principais componentes do leite.
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Can E, Vieira A, Battini M, Mattiello S, Stilwell G. On-farm welfare assessment of dairy goat farms using animal-based indicators: the example of 30 commercial farms in Portugal. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09064702.2016.1208267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Can
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Animal Behaviour and Welfare Lab, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A. Vieira
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Animal Behaviour and Welfare Lab, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centre for Management Studies, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M. Battini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - S. Mattiello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - G. Stilwell
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Animal Behaviour and Welfare Lab, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisboa, Portugal
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Albenzio M, Santillo A, Caroprese M, Ciliberti M, Marino R, Sevi A. Effect of stage of lactation on the immune competence of goat mammary gland. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:3889-3895. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Todaro M, Scatassa ML, Giaccone P. Multivariate factor analysis of Girgentana goat milk composition. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2005.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Cavicchioli V, Scatamburlo T, Yamazi A, Pieri F, Nero L. Occurrence of Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, and enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus in goat milk from small and medium-sized farms located in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:8386-90. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-9733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Carloni E, Petruzzelli A, Amagliani G, Brandi G, Caverni F, Mangili P, Tonucci F. Effect of farm characteristics and practices on hygienic quality of ovine raw milk used for artisan cheese production in central Italy. Anim Sci J 2015; 87:591-9. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Carloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Sez. Igiene; Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo”; Urbino Italy
| | | | - Giulia Amagliani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Sez. Igiene; Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo”; Urbino Italy
| | - Giorgio Brandi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Sez. Igiene; Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo”; Urbino Italy
| | - Francesco Caverni
- ASSAM; Agenzia Servizi Settore Agroalimentare delle Marche; Ancona Italy
| | | | - Franco Tonucci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico dell'Umbria e delle Marche; Pesaro Italy
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Kalhotka L, Dostálová L, Šustová K, Kuchtík J, Detvanová L. Changes in the microflora composition of goat and sheep milk during lactation. POTRAVINARSTVO 2015. [DOI: 10.5219/489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine extend of microbial contamination of raw milk in individual seasons. Raw goat milk (3 farms) and sheep milk (2 farms) were analyzed. Milk was produced on farms of different way of farming and with a different number of milked animals. Samples were taken during lactation three terms in the beginning, middle and end of lactation. In milk, following groups of microorganisms were determined by standard methods: total count of microorganisms (TCM), psychrotrophic microorganisms, Enterobacteriaceae, lactic acid bacteria (lactobacilli), enterococci, aerobic and anaerobic thermoresistant microorganisms (TMRae, TMRan), micromycetes (yeast and moulds). In goat milk, the following numbers of microorganisms were detected: total count of microorganisms (TCM) from 105 to 109 CFU x mL-1, lactobacilli from 102 to 105 CFU x mL-1, bacteria fam. Enterobacteriaceae from 101 to 105 CFU x mL-1, enterococci from 101 to 105 CFU x mL-1, thermoresistant aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms (TMRae and TMRan) from units to 103 resp. 105 CFU x mL-1, psychrotrophic microorganisms from 101 to 106 CFU x mL-1, micromycets from 101 to 104 CFU x mL-1. In the sheep milk, the following numbers of microorganisms were determined: TCM from 105 to 106 CFU x mL-1, lactobacilli from 103 to 106 CFU x mL-1, bacteria fam. Enterobacteriaceae from 101 to 105 CFU x mL-1, enterococci from 101 to 104 CFU x mL-1, TMRae and TMRan from units to 105 CFU x mL-1, psychrotrophic microorganisms from 104 to 106 CFU x mL-1, micromycets from 102 to 104 CFU x mL-1. From the above mentioned results, the following conclusions can be suggested. The bacterial counts of raw goat and sheep milk are highly variable and influenced by a number of important factors in the course of lactation and year (temperature, health, secondary contamination etc.). The bacterial numbers are not affected by the stage of lactation. High numbers of microorganisms in goat and sheep milk may be primarily caused by the insufficient cleaning and sanitizing of milking equipment or low hygiene of hand milking. An important role may also act the cooling rate of milk and purity of cooling eguipment.
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Rola JG, Sosnowski M, Ostrowska M, Osek J. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from raw goat milk. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Verraes C, Claeys W, Cardoen S, Daube G, De Zutter L, Imberechts H, Dierick K, Herman L. A review of the microbiological hazards of raw milk from animal species other than cows. Int Dairy J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Gecele P, Marín MP, Galan JB, Vásquez MJ, Suitt CA, Neira PP. Feasibility of using alternate control as a dairy control system in goats. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2013.875913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Influence of microbial transglutaminase cross-linking on gelation kinetics and texture of acid gels made from whole goats and cows milk. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13594-012-0092-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Šarić LĆ, Šarić BM, Mandić AI, Torbica AM, Tomić JM, Cvetković DD, Okanović ĐG. Antibacterial properties of Domestic Balkan donkeys’ milk. Int Dairy J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Sanogo S, Shaker MM, Nantoumé H, Salem AFZM. Milk yield and composition of crossbred Sahelian × Anglo-Nubian goats in the semi-intensive system in Mali during the preweaning period. Trop Anim Health Prod 2012; 45:305-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-012-0219-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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GÜNEŞER ONUR, TOKLUCU AYŞEGÜLKIRCA, KARAGÜL-YÜCEER YONCA. Formation kinetics of hydroxymethylfurfural and brown coloured compounds in goat milk during heating. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0307.2012.00869.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ardelean A, Otto C, Jaros D, Rohm H. Transglutaminase treatment to improve physical properties of acid gels from enriched goat milk. Small Rumin Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Guerreiro JS, Barros M, Fernandes P, Pires P, Bardsley R. Principal component analysis of proteolytic profiles as markers of authenticity of PDO cheeses. Food Chem 2012. [PMID: 23194558 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The casein fraction of 13 Portuguese PDO cheeses were analysed using Urea-PAGE and reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and then subjected to chemometric evaluation. The chemometric techniques of cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used for the classification studies. Peptide mapping using Urea-PAGE followed by CA revealed two major clusters according to the similarity of the proteolytic profile of the cheeses. PCA results were in accordance with the grouping performed using CA. CA of RP-HPLC results of the matured cheeses revealed the presence of one major cluster comprising samples manufactured with only ovine milk or milk admixtures. When the results of CA technique were compared with the two PCA approaches performed, it was found that the grouping of the samples was similar. Both approaches, revealed the potential of proteolytic profiles (which is an essential aspect of cheese maturation) as markers of authenticity of PDO cheeses in terms of ripening time and milk admixtures not mentioned on the label.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Santos Guerreiro
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Avenida do Atlântico, 4900-348 Viana do Castelo, Portugal.
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Alexopoulos A, Tzatzimakis G, Bezirtzoglou E, Plessas S, Stavropoulou E, Sinapis E, Abas Z. Microbiological quality and related factors of sheep milk produced in farms of NE Greece. Anaerobe 2011; 17:276-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2011.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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41
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Mayer HK, Fiechter G. Physicochemical characteristics of goat’s milk in Austria – seasonal variations and differences between six breeds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13594-011-0047-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Oliveira C, Hisrich E, Moura J, Givisiez P, R.G.Costa, Gebreyes W. On farm risk factors associated with goat milk quality in Northeast Brazil. Small Rumin Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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TRANCOSO INÊSM, TRANCOSO MARIAA, MARTINS ANTÓNIOPL, ROSEIRO LUÍSAB. Chemical composition and mineral content of goat milk from four indigenous Portuguese breeds in relation to one foreign breed. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0307.2010.00625.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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44
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SLAČANAC VEDRAN, BOŽANIĆ RAJKA, HARDI JOVICA, REZESSYNÉ SZABÓ JUDIT, LUČAN MIRELA, KRSTANOVIĆ VINKO. Nutritional and therapeutic value of fermented caprine milk. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0307.2010.00575.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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D’Amico D, Donnelly C. Microbiological quality of raw milk used for small-scale artisan cheese production in Vermont: Effect of farm characteristics and practices. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:134-47. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2009] [Accepted: 09/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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46
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Zhang XY, Zhao L, Jiang L, Dong ML, Ren FZ. The antimicrobial activity of donkey milk and its microflora changes during storage. Food Control 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2008.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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47
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Moatsou G, Moschopoulou E, Mollé D, Gagnaire V, Kandarakis I, Léonil J. Comparative study of the protein fraction of goat milk from the Indigenous Greek breed and from international breeds. Food Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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49
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Moatsou G, Vamvakaki AN, Mollé D, Anifantakis E, Léonil J. Protein composition and polymorphism in the milk of Skopelos goats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1051/lait:2006017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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50
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