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Letaief N, Bedhiaf-Romdhani S, Ben Salem W, Mohammed AAS, Gaspa G, Pauciullo A. Tunisian camel casein gene characterization reveals similarities and differences with Sudanese and Nigerian populations. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:6783-6794. [PMID: 35840403 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Milk is a primary protein source that has always played a role in mammalian health. Despite the intensification of research projects on dromedary and the knowledge of the genetic diversity at the casein loci, the genetic structure of the Tunisian camel population still needs exploration. This study sought to determine the genetic diversity of 3 casein gene variants in 5 Tunisian camel ecotypes: c.150G>T at CSN1S1 (αS1-casein), g.2126A>G at CSN2 (β-casein), and g.1029T>C at CSN3 (κ-casein). The obtained results were compared with data published on Sudanese and Nigerian camels to establish the level of differentiation within and between populations. A total of 159 blood samples were collected from 5 Tunisian camel ecotypes and the extracted DNA was genotyped by PCR-RFLP. A streamlined genotyping protocol was also developed for CSN3. Results indicated that allele T was quite rare (0.06) at CSN1S1 for all ecotypes. Minor allele frequency was found for G (0.462) in CSN2 except for Ardhaoui Medenine ecotype who deviated from the average CSN2 allele frequency of the total population. Allele C showed minor allele frequency of 0.384 in CSN3. Among the Tunisian population, GAT (0.343) was the most represented haplotype in all ecotypes except for Ardhaoui Medenine, where GGC (0.322) was the most frequent one. Significant differences in heterozygosity and local inbreeding were observed across the Tunisian, Sudanese, and Nigerian populations, although the global fixation index indicated that only 2.2% of the genetic variance is related to ecotype differences. Instead, phylogenetic analysis revealed a closer link between the Tunisian and Sudanese populations through a clade subdivision with 3 main branches among the ecotypes. This study represents the first attempt to understand casein gene variability in Tunisian camels; with further study, milk traits and genetic differentiation among populations can be associated with the history of camel domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Letaief
- National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia 1082, Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratory of Animal and Forage Production, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Ariana 1004, Tunisia
| | - S Bedhiaf-Romdhani
- Laboratory of Animal and Forage Production, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Ariana 1004, Tunisia
| | - W Ben Salem
- Animal and Pasture Agency, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - A A S Mohammed
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - G Gaspa
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - A Pauciullo
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
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Noce A, Pazzola M, Dettori ML, Amills M, Castelló A, Cecchinato A, Bittante G, Vacca GM. Variations at regulatory regions of the milk protein genes are associated with milk traits and coagulation properties in the Sarda sheep. Anim Genet 2016; 47:717-726. [PMID: 27435993 DOI: 10.1111/age.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory variation at the ovine casein genes could have important effects on the composition and coagulation properties of milk. Herewith, we have partially resequenced the promoters and the 3'-UTR of the four casein genes in 25 Sarda sheep. Alignment of these sequences allowed us to identify a total of 29 SNPs. This level of polymorphism (one SNP every 250 bp) is remarkably high if compared with SNP densities estimated in human genic regions (approximately one SNP per bp). The 29 SNPs identified in our resequencing experiment, plus three previously reported SNPs mapping to the lactalbumin, alpha (LALBA) and β-lactoglobulin (BLG, also known as progestagen-associated endometrial protein, PAEP) genes, were genotyped with a multiplex TaqMan Open Array Real-Time PCR assay in 760 Sarda sheep with records for milk composition and coagulation properties. Association analysis revealed the existence of significant associations of CSN1S2 and CSN3 genotypes with milk protein and casein contents. Moreover, genotypes at CSN1S1 were significantly associated with rennet coagulation time, curd firming time and curd firmness, whereas CSN2 was associated with curd firming time. These results suggest that SNPs mapping to the promoters and 3'-UTRs of ovine casein genes may exert regulatory effects on gene expression and that they could be used for improving sheep milk quality and technological traits at the population level through marker assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Noce
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.,Department of Animal Genetics, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - M Pazzola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - M L Dettori
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - M Amills
- Department of Animal Genetics, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - A Castelló
- Department of Animal Genetics, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - A Cecchinato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - G Bittante
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - G M Vacca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
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Ordás J. A short note on linkage between the β- and κ-caseins in the Churra and Manchega ovine breeds. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/09064700701318643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
The structure and genetic diversity of the Spanish dairy breeds, Churra and Manchega, is analyzed by means of DNA lactotypes observed in alpha(s1)-, alpha(s2)-, beta- and kappa-ovine caseins. The inter-racial distribution of the casein genotypes is also analyzed. The two breeds differ quantitatively as well as qualitatively in their lactotypes. The proportions of unique lactotypes in Churra and Manchega reveal a high degree of within breed diversity. Breed genetic diversity is greater in Manchega (1.28) than Churra (1.53). The probability combination test indicates the existence of significant inter-racial differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G. Ordás
- Departamento de Producción Animal I, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, 24071, León, Spain
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Amigo L, Recio I, Ramos M. Genetic polymorphism of ovine milk proteins: its influence on technological properties of milk — a review. Int Dairy J 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0958-6946(00)00034-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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