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Raimondo RFS, Miyashiro SI, Birgel Junior EH. Whey protein dynamics in goat mammary secretions during colostrum and early lactation periods. J DAIRY RES 2024; 91:84-88. [PMID: 38584304 DOI: 10.1017/s002202992400013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The protein composition in goat milk undergoes changes throughout the different lactation periods, displaying distinct characteristics that are influenced by the dynamic nature of protein composition and concentration during the transition from colostrum secretion to mature milk. To evaluate the dynamics of whey proteins of Saanen goats during the colostral phase and the first month of lactation, 110 milk samples from 11 healthy mammary halves of seven Saanen goats were selected through a clinical evaluation. Whey was obtained by rennet coagulation of the mammary secretion. The biuret method determined total protein concentration, and their fractions were identified by 12% dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Maximum concentrations of all protein fractions were observed in the first 12 h of lactation, reducing throughout the study. Modification of the protein predominance was also observed. The transition from colostrum secretion to milk occurred 5 or 7 d postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel F S Raimondo
- RuminAção - Teaching, Research and Extension in Ruminants, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samantha I Miyashiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo H Birgel Junior
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Zhou A, Liu G, Jiang X. Characteristic of the components and the metabolism mechanism of goat colostrum: a review. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4135-4146. [PMID: 37039778 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2199500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Colostrum contains large number of nutrients that promote the growth, differentiation, and biological functions for goat kids early somatic cells, which is crucial to meet the nutritional demands, immune function, and the health of goat kids later growth. Great attention has been given not only to nutritional ingredient differences between colostrum and normal milk, but also to function differences, and their effect on the physical and sensory properties of goat kid's growth performance and health status. This paper reviews the research progress of goat colostrum in recent years, mainly including the colostrum yield, components, i.e., proteins, lactose, and immunoglobulin, as well as the influence factor, i.e., number of lactation and littler size, nutrition during the gestation, and breeding environment. In addition, this review aims to summarize the synthesis and secretion mechanisms, and the digestion and absorption mechanism of goat colostrum. We conclude that even though the composition and physicochemical properties of goat colostrum are highly dynamic and variable, and the digestion and absorption mechanism has not been made fully clear until now, direct feed microbial (DFM) may be a promising alternative for improving the quality of colostrum that should be further explored for their practical usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Sheep and Goat Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Guiqiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Sheep and Goat Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xunping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Sheep and Goat Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
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Cepeda-Palacios R, Fuente-Gómez MG, Ramírez-Orduña JM, García-Álvarez A, Llinas-Cervantes X, Angulo C. Effects of pregnancy and post-kidding stages on haematochemical parameters in cross-bred goats. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2017.1295970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Cepeda-Palacios
- Departamento Académico de Ciencia Animal y Conservación del Hábitat, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, Mexico
| | - Mayra Guadalupe Fuente-Gómez
- Departamento Académico de Ciencia Animal y Conservación del Hábitat, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Ramírez-Orduña
- Departamento Académico de Ciencia Animal y Conservación del Hábitat, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, Mexico
| | - Abril García-Álvarez
- Departamento Académico de Ciencia Animal y Conservación del Hábitat, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, Mexico
| | - Ximena Llinas-Cervantes
- Departamento Académico de Ciencia Animal y Conservación del Hábitat, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, Mexico
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Grupo de Inmunología & Vacunología. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, La Paz, México
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Ruiz P, Seseña S, Rieiro I, Palop ML. Effect of postpartum time and season on the physicochemical characteristics of Murciano‐Granadina goat colostrum. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Tecnología de los Alimentos Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha Avda. Carlos III, s/n Toledo 45071 Spain
| | - Susana Seseña
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Tecnología de los Alimentos Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha Avda. Carlos III, s/n Toledo 45071 Spain
| | - Ignacio Rieiro
- Departamento de Matemáticas Facultad de Educación Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha Avda. Carlos III, s/n Toledo 45071 Spain
| | - María Llanos Palop
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Tecnología de los Alimentos Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha Avda. Carlos III, s/n Toledo 45071 Spain
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Sánchez-Macías D, Moreno-Indias I, Castro N, Morales-Delanuez A, Argüello A. From goat colostrum to milk: physical, chemical, and immune evolution from partum to 90 days postpartum. J Dairy Sci 2013; 97:10-6. [PMID: 24183682 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-6811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study focused on the study of the changes originated in the milk from partum until d 90 of lactation. Ten multiparous Majorera goats, bred carefully under animal health standards, with a litter size of 2 kids (the average in this breed is 1.83 prolificacy) and similar gestation length (149 ± 1 d) were used. Goat kids were removed from their dams to avoid interferences with the study. Compositional content (fat, protein, and lactose) were measured, as well as some other properties, including pH, density, titratable acidity, ethanol stability, rennet clotting time, and somatic cell count. Moreover, immunity molecules (IgG, IgA, and IgM concentrations and chitotriosidase activity) received great attention. Fat and protein content were higher in the first days postpartum, whereas lactose content was lower. Density, titratable acidity, rennet clotting time, and somatic cell count decreased throughout the lactation period, whereas pH and ethanol stability increased. Relative to the immunological parameters, each measured parameter obtained its maximum level at d 0, showing the first milking as the choice to provide immunity to the newborn kids. On the other hand, this study might be used to establish what the best use is: processing or kid feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sánchez-Macías
- Department of Agroindustrial Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba EC060150, Ecuador
| | - I Moreno-Indias
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga 29010, Spain
| | - N Castro
- Department of Animal Science, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas 35413, Spain
| | - A Morales-Delanuez
- Facultad de Ciencia Pecuarias, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba EC060150, Ecuador
| | - A Argüello
- Department of Animal Science, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas 35413, Spain.
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Romero T, Beltrán MC, Rodríguez M, De Olives AM, Molina MP. Short communication: Goat colostrum quality: litter size and lactation number effects. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:7526-31. [PMID: 24119809 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-6900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The quality of colostrum of Murciano-Granadina goats was studied to establish the transition period and the time when milk can be marketed. Forty-three dairy goats were used: 19 primiparous (15 single births; 4 multiple births) and 24 multiparous (10 single births; 14 multiple births). Samples were collected every 12h during the first week postpartum. Physicochemical parameters and somatic cell count were determined. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to study the effect of different factors: postpartum time, litter size, lactation number, their interactions, and production level on colostrum. Postpartum time had a significant effect on all parameters studied, which decreased along the first week of lactation, whereas lactose, pH, and conductivity increased. Based on these results, colostrum secretion takes place until 36 h postpartum (hpp). In relation to other factors of variation studied, the lactation number influenced most colostrum components, whereas the litter size only affected the pH value, protein and lactose content. The production level influenced only the protein and dry matter contents, with an inverse relationship. Milk produced during the period between 36 and 96 hpp is considered transition milk, which should not be commercialized. Milk collected after 4d postpartum (96 hpp) could be marketed, ensuring that its composition does not present a risk in the dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Romero
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/N, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Alberghina D, Casella S, Vazzana I, Ferrantelli V, Giannetto C, Piccione G. ORIGINAL RESEARCH: Analysis of serum proteins in clinically healthy goats (Capra hircus) using agarose gel electrophoresis. Vet Clin Pathol 2010; 39:317-21. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165x.2010.00226.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rudovsky A, Locher L, Zeyner A, Sobiraj A, Wittek T. Measurement of immunoglobulin concentration in goat colostrum. Small Rumin Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2007.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cattaneo D, Dell’Orto V, Varisco G, Agazzi A, Savoini G. Enrichment in n−3 fatty acids of goat's colostrum and milk by maternal fish oil supplementation. Small Rumin Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Argüello A, Castro N, Álvarez S, Capote J. Effects of the number of lactations and litter size on chemical composition and physical characteristics of goat colostrum. Small Rumin Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Chen J, Chang C, Peh H, Chen S. Serum protein levels and neonatal growth rate of Nubian goat kids in Taiwan area. Small Rumin Res 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0921-4488(98)00166-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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