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Jafari A, Khalatbary AR, Taghiloo S, Mirzaie MS, Nazar E, Poorhassan M, Akbari E, Asadzadeh M, Raoofi A, Nasiry D. Exosomes derived from human placental mesenchymal stem cells in combination with hyperbaric oxygen synergically alleviates spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. Regen Ther 2023; 24:407-416. [PMID: 37727798 PMCID: PMC10506088 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (IR) is a terrible non-traumatic injury that occurs after abdominal aortic occlusion and causes serious damage to neurological function. Several treatment strategies have been suggested for IR, but they were not unable to effectively improve these conditions. Herein we investigated whether exosomes derived from human placental mesenchymal stem cells (hpMSCs-Exos) in combination with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) could alleviate injury and promote recovery in IR rats. Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into five equal groups. In addition to the control group that only underwent laparotomy, IR animals were planned into four groups as follows: IR group; IR-Exos group; IR-HBO group; and IR-Exos + HBO group. Neurological function evaluated before, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h after injury. After the last neurological evaluation, tissue samples were obtained for stereological, biochemical, and molecular assessments. Our results indicated that the neurological function scores (MDI), the numerical density of neurons, the levels of antioxidative factors (GSH, SOD, and CAT), and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) were considerably greater in treatment groups than in the IR group, and these changes were more obvious in the IR-Exos + HBO ones. This is while the numerical density of glial cells, the levels of an oxidative factor (MDA) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-18), as well as the expression of an apoptotic protein (caspase-3) were meaningfully decreased in treatment groups, especially IR-Exos + HBO group, compared to the IR group. Generally, it was found that co-administration of hpMSCs-Exos and HBO has synergistic neuroprotective effects in the rats undergoing IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Jafari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Khalatbary
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Saeid Taghiloo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohamad Sedigh Mirzaie
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Eisa Nazar
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Poorhassan
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Smart University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Akbari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdiyeh Asadzadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Raoofi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Davood Nasiry
- Department of Paramedicine, Amol School of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Nardone R, Pikija S, Mutzenbach JS, Seidl M, Leis S, Trinka E, Sellner J. Current and emerging treatment options for spinal cord ischemia. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1632-1641. [PMID: 27326910 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord infarction (SCI) is a rare but disabling disorder caused by a wide spectrum of conditions. Given the lack of randomized-controlled trials, contemporary treatment concepts are adapted from guidelines for cerebral ischemia, atherosclerotic vascular disease, and acute traumatic spinal cord injury. In addition, patients with SCI are at risk for several potentially life-threatening but preventable systemic and neurologic complications. Notably, there is emerging evidence from preclinical studies for the use of neuroprotection in acute ischemic injury of the spinal cord. In this review, we discuss the current state of the art for the therapy and prevention of SCI and highlight potential emerging treatment concepts awaiting translational adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Nardone
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Department of Neurology, Franz Tappeiner Hospital, Merano, Italy
| | - Slaven Pikija
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - J Sebastian Mutzenbach
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Seidl
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stefan Leis
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Eugen Trinka
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johann Sellner
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany.
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Ilhan G, Aksun M, Ozpak B, Gunes T, Bozok S, Durakoglugil ME, Gucer H, Gurbuz A. The effect of combined hyperbaric oxygen and iloprost treatment on the prevention of spinal cord ischaemia–reperfusion injury: an experimental study. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2013; 44:e332-40. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezt398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Molina V, Noa M, Arruzazabala L, Carbajal D, Más R. Effect of D-003, a mixture of very-long-chain aliphatic acids purified from sugarcane wax, on cerebral ischemia in Mongolian gerbils. J Med Food 2006; 8:482-7. [PMID: 16379559 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2005.8.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
D-003 is a mixture of very-high-molecular-weight aliphatic acids purified from sugar cane wax (Saccharum officinarum), which inhibits platelet aggregation and lipid peroxidation. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of D-003 on cerebral ischemia induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) in Mongolian gerbils. Two experimental series were conducted. The first series investigated the effects of D-003 on cerebral edema, neurological symptoms, and mortality in Mongolian gerbils with cerebral ischemia induced by I-R, while the second series investigated the effects on histological markers of cerebral injury, such as edema intensity (vacuolization) and cerebral necrosis. Animals were randomly distributed in five experimental groups: a sham-operated group experiencing surgical handling except the clamping and orally treated with Tween/water vehicle and four groups subjected to the I-R surgical procedure. One of these groups was treated with the same vehicle, and the other three groups received D-003 at 25, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively. All treatments were administered for 14 days. D-003 (200 mg/kg) significantly reduced the cerebral edema and clinical symptoms provoked by I-R compared with the positive control group, whereas lower doses (25 and 100 mg/kg) were not effective. Positive control animals showed an injury profile characterized by swelling (tissue vacuolization) and necrosis of neurons in all areas of the brain studied (frontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum). The results of the histological study were consistent with those observed by determining cerebral edema and symptoms observation. Thus, D-003 at 200 mg/kg significantly reduced histological markers of brain injury (swelling and necrosis) compared with the control group. It is concluded that D-003 administered orally at 200 mg/kg for 14 days protected against cerebral damage caused by bilateral cerebral ischemia in Mongolian gerbils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Molina
- Center of Natural Products, National Center for Scientific Research, Cubanacan, Havana, Cuba
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Boga M, Discigil B, Ozkisacik EA, Gurcun U, Badak MI, Dikicioglu E, Yenisey C, Meteoglu I. The combined effect of iloprost and N-acetylcysteine in preventing spinal cord ischemia in rabbits. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2005; 31:366-72. [PMID: 16359890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2005.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2005] [Accepted: 10/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the cytoprotective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and iloprost on spinal cord ischemia in an experimental model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-five (male) New Zealand white rabbits were included in five study groups (n=7, each group). One group served as Sham. Rabbits in other groups had their abdominal aorta cross-clamped just above the iliac bifurcation for 40 min. During aortic cross clamping, iloprost, NAC, both iloprost and NAC or saline (control) were infused. RESULTS In NAC, iloprost, and iloprost+NAC groups, neurological status of rabbits (Tarlov score) 24 and 48 h after the operation was better than the control group (p<0.01), but worse than the Sham group (p<0.01). There was minimal neuronal damage in the iloprost treated groups compared to the NAC group (p<0.05). Mean viability index values in NAC, iloprost and iloprost+NAC groups were higher than the control group (p<0.01). Viability index in the NAC group was lower than the iloprost and iloprost+NAC groups. CONCLUSIONS The use of iloprost and NAC may provide better protection from spinal cord ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Boga
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, Adnan Menderes University, 09100 Aydin, Turkey.
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