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Koroleva PI, Bulko TV, Agafonova LE, Shumyantseva VV. Catalytic and Electrocatalytic Mechanisms of Cytochromes P450 in the Development of Biosensors and Bioreactors. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:1645-1657. [PMID: 38105030 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Cytochromes P450 are a unique family of enzymes found in all Kingdoms of living organisms (animals, bacteria, plants, fungi, and archaea), whose main function is biotransformation of exogenous and endogenous compounds. The review discusses approaches to enhancing the efficiency of electrocatalysis by cytochromes P450 for their use in biotechnology and design of biosensors and describes main methods in the development of reconstituted and electrochemical catalytic systems based on the biochemical mechanism of cytochromes P450, as well as and modern trends for their practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Victoria V Shumyantseva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, 119121, Russia.
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
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2
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Cytochromes P450 in biosensing and biosynthesis applications: Recent progress and future perspectives. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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3
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Kuzikov AV, Masamrekh RA, Archakov AI, Shumyantseva VV. Methods for Determination of Functional Activity of Cytochrome P450 Isoenzymes. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW-SUPPLEMENT SERIES B-BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750818030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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4
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Zhang W, Hollmann F. Nonconventional regeneration of redox enzymes - a practical approach for organic synthesis? Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:7281-7289. [PMID: 29714371 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02219d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidoreductases have become useful tools in the hands of chemists to perform selective and mild oxidation and reduction reactions. Instead of mimicking native catalytic cycles, generally involving costly and unstable nicotinamide cofactors, more direct, NAD(P)-independent methodologies are being developed. The promise of these approaches not only lies with simpler and cheaper reaction schemes but also with higher selectivity as compared to whole cell approaches and their mimics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyuan Zhang
- Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands.
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Kuzikov AV, Masamrekh RA, Archakov AI, Shumyantseva VV. [Methods for determining of cytochrome P450 isozymes functional activity]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2018; 64:149-168. [PMID: 29723145 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20186402149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The review is dedicated to modern methods and technologies for determining of cytochrome P450 isozymes functional activity, such as absorbance and fluorescent spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Raman, Mossbauer, and X-ray spectroscopy, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), atomic force microscopy (AFM). Methods of molecular genetic analysis were reviewed from personalized medicine point of view. The use of chromate-mass-spectrometric methods for cytochrome P450-dependent catalytic reactions' products was discussed. The review covers modern electrochemical systems based on cytochrome P450 isozymes for their catalytic activity analysis, their use in practice and further development perspectives for experimental pharmacology, biotechnology and translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Kuzikov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
| | - R A Masamrekh
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Archakov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Shumyantseva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
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6
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Talmann L, Wiesner J, Vilcinskas A. Strategies for the construction of insect P450 fusion enzymes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 72:405-415. [PMID: 28866653 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2017-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are ubiquitous enzymes with a broad substrate spectrum. Insect P450s are known to catalyze reactions such as the detoxification of insecticides and the synthesis of hydrocarbons, which makes them useful for many industrial processes. Unfortunately, it is difficult to utilize P450s effectively because they must be paired with cytochrome P450 reductases (CPRs) to facilitate electron transfer from reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). Furthermore, eukaryotic P450s and CPRs are membrane-anchored proteins, which means they are insoluble and therefore difficult to purify when expressed in their native state. Both challenges can be addressed by creating fusion proteins that combine the P450 and CPR functions while eliminating membrane anchors, allowing the production and purification of soluble multifunctional polypeptides suitable for industrial applications. Here we discuss several strategies for the construction of fusion enzymes combining insect P450 with CPRs.
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Holtmann D, Hollmann F. The Oxygen Dilemma: A Severe Challenge for the Application of Monooxygenases? Chembiochem 2016; 17:1391-8. [PMID: 27194219 PMCID: PMC5096067 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Monooxygenases are promising catalysts because they in principle enable the organic chemist to perform highly selective oxyfunctionalisation reactions that are otherwise difficult to achieve. For this, monooxygenases require reducing equivalents, to allow reductive activation of molecular oxygen at the enzymes' active sites. However, these reducing equivalents are often delivered to O2 either directly or via a reduced intermediate (uncoupling), yielding hazardous reactive oxygen species and wasting valuable reducing equivalents. The oxygen dilemma arises from monooxygenases' dependency on O2 and the undesired uncoupling reaction. With this contribution we hope to generate a general awareness of the oxygen dilemma and to discuss its nature and some promising solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Holtmann
- DECHEMA Research Institute, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628BL, Delft, The Netherlands.
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8
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Ströhle FW, Cekic SZ, Magnusson AO, Schwaneberg U, Roccatano D, Schrader J, Holtmann D. A computational protocol to predict suitable redox mediators for substitution of NAD(P)H in P450 monooxygenases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2012.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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9
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Armstrong CT, Watkins DW, Anderson JLR. Constructing manmade enzymes for oxygen activation. Dalton Trans 2012; 42:3136-50. [PMID: 23076271 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32010j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Natural oxygenases catalyse the insertion of oxygen into an impressive array of organic substrates with exquisite efficiency, specificity and power unparalleled by current biomimetic catalysts. However, their true potential to provide tailor-made oxygenation catalysts remains largely untapped, perhaps a consequence of the evolutionary complexity imprinted into their three-dimensional structures through millennia of exposure to parallel selective pressures. In this perspective we describe how we may take inspiration from natural enzymes to design manmade oxygenase enzymes free from such complexity. We explore the differing chemistries accessed by natural oxygenases and outline a stepwise methodology whereby functional elements key to oxygenase catalysis are assembled within artificially designed protein scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig T Armstrong
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
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10
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North MA, Bhattacharyya S, Truhlar DG. Improved Density Functional Description of the Electrochemistry and Structure−Property Descriptors of Substituted Flavins. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:14907-15. [DOI: 10.1021/jp108024b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. North
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Eau Claire, 105 Garfield Avenue, Eau Claire, Wisconsin 54702, United States, and Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Sudeep Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Eau Claire, 105 Garfield Avenue, Eau Claire, Wisconsin 54702, United States, and Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Eau Claire, 105 Garfield Avenue, Eau Claire, Wisconsin 54702, United States, and Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Hollmann F, Arends I, Buehler K. Biocatalytic Redox Reactions for Organic Synthesis: Nonconventional Regeneration Methods. ChemCatChem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201000069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Zilly FE, Taglieber A, Schulz F, Hollmann F, Reetz MT. Deazaflavins as mediators in light-driven cytochrome P450 catalyzed hydroxylations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:7152-4. [PMID: 19921013 DOI: 10.1039/b913863c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A light-driven deazaflavin-dependent direct enzyme regeneration system has been developed for a P450-BM3 catalyzed CH-activating hydroxylation, thereby avoiding the need for the expensive NADPH cofactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe E Zilly
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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Hlavica P. Assembly of non-natural electron transfer conduits in the cytochrome P450 system: A critical assessment and update of artificial redox constructs amenable to exploitation in biotechnological areas. Biotechnol Adv 2009; 27:103-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2008.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2008] [Revised: 09/29/2008] [Accepted: 10/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kritsky MS, Lyudnikova TA, Slutsky ES, Filimonenkov AA, Tikhonova TV, Popov VO. Photoexcited flavins and pterins as electron injectors for multiheme cytochrome. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2009; 424:16-9. [DOI: 10.1134/s1607672909010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Entrapment of cytochrome P450 BM-3 in polypyrrole for electrochemically-driven biocatalysis. Biotechnol Lett 2009; 31:765-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-009-9925-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 01/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hollmann F, Hofstetter K, Schmid A. Non-enzymatic regeneration of nicotinamide and flavin cofactors for monooxygenase catalysis. Trends Biotechnol 2006; 24:163-71. [PMID: 16488494 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2006.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2005] [Revised: 10/25/2005] [Accepted: 02/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalytic oxygenation chemistry is a rapidly evolving field in which monooxygenases are the tools of choice. Monooxygenases catalyze many industrially important synthetic transformations; however, their use in preparative applications is hampered by their intrinsic requirement for reducing equivalents. As a result, non-enzymatic strategies--where the reducing equivalents are introduced directly into the catalytic cycle--are being developed to supersede the well-established enzymatic NAD(P)H regeneration systems currently in use. In this review we summarize and evaluate recent achievements in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hollmann
- Degussa Care & Surface Specialties, Goldschmidt AG, Goldschmidtstrasse 100, 45127 Essen, Germany
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Chefson A, Auclair K. Progress towards the easier use of P450 enzymes. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2006; 2:462-9. [PMID: 17216026 DOI: 10.1039/b607001a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s or CYPs) form a large family of heme proteins involved in drug metabolism and in the biosynthesis of steroids, lipids, vitamins and natural products. Their remarkable ability to catalyze the insertion of oxygen into non-activated C-H bonds has attracted the interest of chemists for several decades. Very few chemical methods exist that directly hydroxylate aliphatic or aromatic C-H bonds, and most of them are not selective or of limited scope. Biocatalysts such as P450s represent a promising alternative: however, their applications have been limited by substrate specificity, low activity, poor stability and the need for cofactors. This review covers the attempts to overcome these limitations using approaches such as mutagenesis, chemical modifications, conditions engineering and immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Chefson
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2K6
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Chapter 10 Non-affinity sensing technology: the exploitation of biocatalytic events for environmental analysis. BIOSENSORS AND MODERN BIOSPECIFIC ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-526x(05)44010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Shumyantseva VV, Bulko TV, Petushkova NA, Samenkova NF, Kuznetsova GP, Archakov AI. Fluorescent assay for riboflavin binding to cytochrome P450 2B4. J Inorg Biochem 2004; 98:365-70. [PMID: 14729317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2003.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between the hemoprotein cytochrome P450 2B4 (CYP 2B4) and riboflavin - a low molecular weight component of the flavoprotein NADPH-dependent cytochrome P450 reductase - were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy. Riboflavin fluorescence quenching by cytochrome P450 2B4 was used to probe the ligand-enzyme binding (lambda(ex)=385 nm, lambda(em)=520 nm). Fluorescence titration experiments showed formation of a complex between cytochrome P450 2B4 and riboflavin with an apparent dissociation constant value, K(d)=8.8+/-1 microM. The fluorescence intensity of riboflavin was decreased with increasing the cytochrome P450 2B4 concentration, indicating the transfer of resonance excitation energy from riboflavin (energy donor) to the cytochrome P450 2B4 heme (energy acceptor). The data obtained are suggestive of the existence of riboflavin binding site(s) on the hemeprotein molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria V Shumyantseva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Pogodinskaya st. 10, Moscow 119992, Russia.
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Abstract
Recent studies on microbial cytochrome P450 enzymes have covered several new areas. Advances have been made in structure-function analysis and new non-enzymatic/electrochemical systems for the replacement of NAD(P)H in biocatalysis have been developed. Furthermore, the properties of some enzymes have been re-engineered by site-directed mutagenesis or by methods of directed evolution and new P450s have been functionally expressed and characterized. It is thought that a combination of these approaches will facilitate the use of isolated P450 monooxygenases in biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlada Urlacher
- Institute for Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
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