1
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Carroll-Poehls M, Jakeman DL. Synthesis of a novel fluorinated phosphonyl C-glycoside, (3-deoxy-3-fluoro-β-d-glucopyranosyl)methylphosphonate, a potential inhibitor of β-phosphoglucomutase. Carbohydr Res 2023; 534:108979. [PMID: 37931349 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
β-phosphoglucomutase (βPGM) catalyzes the conversion of β-glucose 1-phosphate (βG1P) to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), a universal source of cellular energy, in a two-step process. Transition state analogue (TSA) complexes formed from substrate analogues and a metal fluoride (MgF3- and AlF4-) enable analysis of each of these enzymatic steps independently. Novel substrate analogues incorporating fluorine offer opportunities to interrogate the enzyme mechanism using 19F NMR spectroscopy. Herein, the synthesis of a novel fluorinated phosphonyl C-glycoside (3-deoxy-3-fluoro-β-d-glucopyranosyl)methylphosphonate (1), in 12 steps (0.85 % overall yield) is disclosed. A four-stage synthetic strategy was employed, involving: 1) fluorine addition to the monosaccharide, 2) selective anomeric deprotection, 3) phosphonylation of the anomeric centre, and 4) global deprotection. Analysis of βPGM and 1 will be reported in due course.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David L Jakeman
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada; College of Pharmacy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada.
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2
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Synthetic Route to Glycosyl β-1C-(phosphino)-phosphonates as Unprecedented Stable Glycosyl Diphosphate Analogs and Their Preliminary Biological Evaluation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214969. [PMID: 33121078 PMCID: PMC7663146 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of glycosyl-β-1C-(phosphino)-phosphonates is a challenge since it has not yet been described. In this paper, we report an innovative synthetic method for their preparation from Glc-, Man-, and GlcNAc- lactone derivatives. The proposed original strategy involves the addition of the corresponding δ-hexonolactones onto the dianion of (methylphosphino) phosphonate as a key step, followed by dehydration and stereoselective addition of dihydrogen on the resulting double bond. Final deprotection provides the new glycosyl diphosphate analogs in 35%, 36%, and 10% yield over 6 steps from the corresponding δ-hexonolactones. The synthetized compounds were evaluated as inhibitors of phosphatase and diphosphatase activities and found to have complex concentration-dependent activatory and inhibitory properties on alkaline phosphatase. The synthetized tools should be useful to study other enzymes such as transferases.
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3
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Kerner L, Kosma P. Synthesis of C-glycosyl phosphonate derivatives of 4-amino-4-deoxy-α-ʟ-arabinose. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:9-14. [PMID: 31976011 PMCID: PMC6964659 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of basic substituents into the structurally conserved domains of cell wall lipopolysaccharides has been identified as a major mechanism contributing to antimicrobial resistance of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Inhibition of the corresponding enzymatic steps, specifically the transfer of 4-amino-4-deoxy-ʟ-arabinose, would thus restore the activity of cationic antimicrobial peptides and several antimicrobial drugs. C-glycosidically-linked phospholipid derivatives of 4-amino-4-deoxy-ʟ-arabinose have been prepared as hydrolytically stable and chain-shortened analogues of the native undecaprenyl donor. The C-phosphonate unit was installed via a Wittig reaction of benzyl-protected 1,5-arabinonic acid lactone with the lithium salt of dimethyl methylphosphonate followed by an elimination step of the resulting hemiketal, leading to the corresponding exo- and endo-glycal derivatives. The ensuing selective monodemethylation and hydrogenolysis of the benzyl groups and reduction of the 4-azido group gave the α-ʟ-anomeric arabino- and ribo-configured methyl phosphonate esters. In addition, the monomethyl phosphonate glycal intermediates were converted into n-octyl derivatives followed by subsequent selective removal of the methyl phosphonate ester group and hydrogenation to give the octylphosphono derivatives. These intermediates will be of value for their future conversion into transition state analogues as well as for the introduction of various lipid extensions at the anomeric phosphonate moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Kerner
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna Department of Chemistry, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Kosma
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna Department of Chemistry, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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4
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Bouwman S, Orru RVA, Ruijter E. Stereoselective synthesis of fluorinated aminoglycosyl phosphonates. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:1317-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02317j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the highly stereoselective addition of lithiated difluorophosphonates to nitroglycals, providing synthetic access to biologically relevant fluorinated aminoglycosyl phosphonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne Bouwman
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Institute for Molecules
- Medicines and Systems (AIMMS)
- VU University Amsterdam
- 1081 HV Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - Romano V. A. Orru
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Institute for Molecules
- Medicines and Systems (AIMMS)
- VU University Amsterdam
- 1081 HV Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - Eelco Ruijter
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Institute for Molecules
- Medicines and Systems (AIMMS)
- VU University Amsterdam
- 1081 HV Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
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5
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Eppe G, Dumitrescu L, Pierrot O, Li T, Pan W, Vincent SP. A Novel Base-Induced Isomerization Gives Access to Unprecedented (E)-exo-Glycals. Chemistry 2013; 19:11547-52. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Forget SM, Bhattasali D, Hart VC, Cameron TS, Syvitski RT, Jakeman DL. Synthesis and enzymatic evaluation of ketose phosphonates: the interplay between mutarotation, monofluorination and acidity. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc01077a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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7
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Descroix K, Wagner GK. The first C-glycosidic analogue of a novel galactosyltransferase inhibitor. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:1855-63. [PMID: 21267505 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00630k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Structural analogues and mimics of the natural sugar-nucleotide UDP-galactose (UDP-Gal) are sought after as chemical tools for glycobiology and drug discovery. We have recently developed a novel class of galactosyltransferase (GalT) inhibitors derived from UDP-Gal, bearing an additional substituent at the 5-position of the uracil base. Herein we report the first C-glycosidic derivative of this new class of GalT inhibitors. We describe a practical convergent synthesis of the new UDP-C-Gal derivative, including a systematic study into the use of radical chemistry for the preparation of galactosyl ethylphosphonate, a key synthetic intermediate. The new inhibitor showed activity against a bacterial UDP-Gal 4'-epimerase at micromolar concentrations. This is the first example of a base-modified UDP-sugar as an inhibitor of a UDP-sugar-dependent enzyme which is not a glycosyltransferase, and these results may therefore have implications for the design of inhibitors of these enzymes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Descroix
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK NR4 7TJ
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9
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Caravano A, Vincent SP. Synthesis of ThreeC-Glycoside Analogues of UDP-Galactopyranose as Conformational Probes for the Mutase-Catalyzed Furanose/Pyranose Interconversion. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200801249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Grison C, Chibli H. Concise Synthesis ofP-Glycosyl Alkenylphosphonates andP,C-di andP,P,Ctri-Glycosyl Phosphonates. J Carbohydr Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/07328300802638472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Leonelli F, Capuzzi M, Bodo E, Passacantilli P, Piancatelli G. Synthesis of new 2-phosphono-α-d-glycoside derivatives by stereoselective oxa-Michael addition to a d-galacto derived enone. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:1133-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2008] [Revised: 02/28/2008] [Accepted: 03/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update covering the period 1999-2000. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2006; 25:595-662. [PMID: 16642463 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry for the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and continues coverage of the field from the previous review published in 1999 (D. J. Harvey, Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of carbohydrates, 1999, Mass Spectrom Rev, 18:349-451) for the period 1999-2000. As MALDI mass spectrometry is acquiring the status of a mature technique in this field, there has been a greater emphasis on applications rather than to method development as opposed to the previous review. The present review covers applications to plant-derived carbohydrates, N- and O-linked glycans from glycoproteins, glycated proteins, mucins, glycosaminoglycans, bacterial glycolipids, glycosphingolipids, glycoglycerolipids and related compounds, and glycosides. Applications of MALDI mass spectrometry to the study of enzymes acting on carbohydrates (glycosyltransferases and glycosidases) and to the synthesis of carbohydrates, are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom.
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13
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Chang R, Vo TT, Finney NS. Synthesis of the C1-phosphonate analog of UDP-GlcNAc. Carbohydr Res 2006; 341:1998-2004. [PMID: 16750179 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2006] [Revised: 05/09/2006] [Accepted: 05/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We describe the first synthesis of the C1-phosphonate analog of UDP-GlcNAc, based on a new preparation of the corresponding glycosyl phosphonate. This C-glycosyl analog is shown to be a very weak inhibitor (Ki>10 mM) of fungal chitin synthase, indicating that at least in this case the replacement of the anomeric oxygen with a methylene group is not an innocent substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA
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14
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Chevrier C, Le Nouën D, Defoin A, Tarnus C. Synthesis of Amino-L-Lyxose Phosphonates as Fucosyl-Phosphate Mimics. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Leonelli F, Capuzzi M, Calcagno V, Passacantilli P, Piancatelli G. Stereoselective Michael-Type Addition of Organocopper Reagents to Enones Derived from Glycals in the Synthesis of 2-Phosphono-α-C-Glycosides. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Wen X, Hultin PG. Corrigendum to “Concise and stereocontrolled syntheses of phosphonate C-glycoside analogues of β-D-ManNAc and β-D-GlcNAc 1-O-phosphates”. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Stolz F, Reiner M, Blume A, Reutter W, Schmidt RR. Novel UDP-glycal derivatives as transition state analogue inhibitors of UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase. J Org Chem 2004; 69:665-79. [PMID: 14750790 DOI: 10.1021/jo0353029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The "epimerisation" of UDP-GlcNAc to ManNAc, the first step in the biosynthesis of sialic acids, is catalyzed by UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase. In this paper we report the synthesis of transition state based inhibitors of this enzyme. To mimic the assumed first transition state of this reaction (TS 1), we designed and synthesized the novel UDP-exo-glycal derivatives 1-4. We also report herein the synthesis of 5 and 6, the first C-glycosidic derivatives of 2-acetamidoglucal, and the synthesis of the ketosides 7 and 8, which were designed as bis-substrate analogue and bis- product analogue, respectively, to mimic the second step of the reaction via the assumed second transition state TS 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Stolz
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Fach M725, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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18
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Caravano A, Vincent SP, Sinaÿ P. Efficient synthesis of a nucleoside-diphospho-exo-glycal displaying time-dependent inactivation of UDP-galactopyranose mutase. Chem Commun (Camb) 2004:1216-7. [PMID: 15136845 DOI: 10.1039/b402469a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A short and efficient synthesis of UDP-exo-galactofuranosyl-glycal is presented. This molecule displayed an interesting time-dependent inactivation of UDP-galactopyranose mutase, an essential enzyme of the mycobacterial cell wall biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Caravano
- Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement de Chimie, UMR-8642 du CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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19
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Centrone CA, Lowary TL. Synthesis and antituberculosis activity of C-phosphonate analogues of decaprenolphosphoarabinose, a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of mycobacterial arabinogalactan and lipoarabinomannan. J Org Chem 2002; 67:8862-70. [PMID: 12467400 DOI: 10.1021/jo026247r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The cell wall complex in mycobacteria, including the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is comprised in large part of two polysaccharides that contain a significant number of arabinofuranose residues. Both polysaccharides are assembled by a family of arabinosyltransferases that use decaprenolphosphoarabinose (3) as the donor species. In this paper, we describe the synthesis of a panel of C-phosphonate analogues of 3, which were designed to inhibit these arabinosyltransferases and thus block the biosynthesis of mycobacterial cell wall polysaccharides. A number of routes were explored for the preparation of the targets. The successful approach involved the synthesis of a protected C-phosphonate allyl ester 16, which was then coupled to an alkene via an olefin cross metathesis reaction. Subsequent reduction of the alkene with diimide and deprotection afforded the targets. Screening of these compounds in vitro against Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed that one of the compounds, 15f, possessed antituberculosis activity, with an MIC value of 3.13 microg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charla A Centrone
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus 43210, USA
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20
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Praly JP, Ardakani AS, Bruyère I, Marie-Luce C, Bing Qin B. Towards alpha- or beta-D-C-glycosyl compounds by tin-catalyzed addition of glycosyl radicals to acrylonitrile and vinylphosphonate, and flexible reduction of tetra-O-acetyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl bromide with cyanoborohydride. Carbohydr Res 2002; 337:1623-32. [PMID: 12423963 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(02)00052-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Photo-induced radical addition of acetylated alpha-D-glucopyranosyl bromide (1). to acrylonitrile or diethyl vinylphosphonate, in the presence of catalytic amounts of tri-n-butyltin chloride and sodium (or tetra-n-butylammonium) cyanoborohydride in excess, allowed efficient preparations of alpha-configurated nonononitrile and 2-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-ethylphosphonate (79, 70% yields, respectively). These conditions led to 2-(alpha-D-manno-, and galactopyranosyl)-ethylphosphonates in 68 and 76% yields. Similarly, radical addition of acetylated 1-bromo-beta-D-glucopyranosyl chloride (2). to acrylonitrile or diethyl vinylphosphonate afforded mainly intermediate chlorides which, upon radical reduction with excess tri-n-butyltin hydride, afforded the corresponding beta anomers (40 and 38%, respectively) by sequential C-C and C-H bond formation. Stereocontrol relies on the alpha-stereoselective quenching of D-glycopyranos-1-yl radicals. We found also that UV light irradiation of 1 with excess NaBH(3)CN in tert-butanol afforded either 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-alpha-D-arabino-hexopyranose (65% after crystallization) or, when 10% mol thiophenol was added, 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol (79%). These are simple, tin-free, and easily controlled conditions, which compare well with known preparations of these reduced sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Praly
- Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, UMR CNRS-Université 5622, ESCPE-Lyon, Bâtiment 308, 43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
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21
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Addition of trialkylaluminum reagents to glyconolactones. Synthesis of 1-C-methyl GlcNAc oxazoline and thiazoline. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)01506-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Pfund E, Lequeux T, Vazeux M, Masson S. Synthesis of thiapyranoside precursors using the building-block approach from a phosphonodifluorodithioacetate. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)00204-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Aggarwal VK, Sandrinelli F, Charmant JP. Synthesis of new, highly hindered C2-symmetric trans-(2S,5S)-disubstituted pyrrolidines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(02)00032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Yang WB, Wu CY, Chang CC, Wang SH, Teo CF, Lin CH. Facile synthesis of conjugated exo-glycals. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01427-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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De Risi C, Dondoni A, Perrone D, Pollini GP. O -Silyl triflate-promoted addition of diethyl phosphite to chiral aldonitrones. A rapid access to complex α-amino phosphonates and their N -hydroxy derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)00363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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