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Kantarjian HM, Schuster MW, Jain N, Advani A, Jabbour E, Gamelin E, Rasmussen E, Juan G, Anderson A, Chow VF, Friberg G, Vogl FD, Sekeres MA. A phase 1 study of AMG 900, an orally administered pan-aurora kinase inhibitor, in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Am J Hematol 2017; 92:660-667. [PMID: 28370201 PMCID: PMC5925751 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aurora kinases are involved in the pathophysiology of several cancers including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this phase 1 study, we investigated the safety and efficacy of AMG 900, an orally administered, highly potent, selective, small-molecule inhibitor of both Aurora kinase A and B, in patients with AML . Patients with pathologically documented AML who either declined standard treatments or had relapsed from or were refractory to previous therapies were enrolled. Two every-2-week dose-escalation schedules using a modified 3 + 3 + 3 design were evaluated AMG 900 given daily for 4 days with 10 days off (4/10 schedule), and AMG 900 given daily for 7 days with 7 days off (7/7 schedule). Thirty-five patients were enrolled at 9 different dose levels: 22 patients on the 4/10 schedule (doses from 15 to 100 mg daily), and 13 patients on the 7/7 schedule (doses from 30 to 50 mg daily). Both schedules were tolerated; nausea (31%), diarrhea (29%), febrile neutropenia (29%), and fatigue (23%) were the most common treatment-related adverse events. Three patients (9%) achieved complete response with incomplete count recovery. Patients with higher baseline expression of a set of specific pathway-related genes (BIRC5, AURKA, TTK, CDC2, and CCNB1) were more likely to respond in an exploratory biomarker analysis. AMG 900 was tolerated in a general AML population, and pathway-specific biomarkers identified a potential target population. Future research efforts will be directed toward further exploration of biomarkers of response and combination of AMG 900 with other anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagop M. Kantarjian
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael W. Schuster
- Medical Hematology/Oncology Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Nitin Jain
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anjali Advani
- Leukemia Program, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Elias Jabbour
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Erick Gamelin
- Research and Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Erik Rasmussen
- Research and Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Gloria Juan
- Research and Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Abraham Anderson
- Research and Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Vincent F. Chow
- Research and Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Gregory Friberg
- Research and Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Florian D. Vogl
- Research and Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
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Geuns-Meyer S, Cee VJ, Deak HL, Du B, Hodous BL, Nguyen HN, Olivieri PR, Schenkel LB, Vaida KR, Andrews P, Bak A, Be X, Beltran PJ, Bush TL, Chaves MK, Chung G, Dai Y, Eden P, Hanestad K, Huang L, Lin MHJ, Tang J, Ziegler B, Radinsky R, Kendall R, Patel VF, Payton M. Discovery of N-(4-(3-(2-aminopyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yloxy)phenyl)-4-(4-methylthiophen-2-yl)phthalazin-1-amine (AMG 900), a highly selective, orally bioavailable inhibitor of aurora kinases with activity against multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines. J Med Chem 2015; 58:5189-207. [PMID: 25970324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Efforts to improve upon the physical properties and metabolic stability of Aurora kinase inhibitor 14a revealed that potency against multidrug-resistant cell lines was compromised by increased polarity. Despite its high in vitro metabolic intrinsic clearance, 23r (AMG 900) showed acceptable pharmacokinetic properties and robust pharmacodynamic activity. Projecting from in vitro data to in vivo target coverage was not practical due to disjunctions between enzyme and cell data, complex and apparently contradictory indicators of binding kinetics, and unmeasurable free fraction in plasma. In contrast, it was straightforward to relate pharmacokinetics to pharmacodynamics and efficacy by following the time above a threshold concentration. On the basis of its oral route of administration, a selectivity profile that favors Aurora-driven pharmacology and its activity against multidrug-resistant cell lines, 23r was identified as a potential best-in-class Aurora kinase inhibitor. In phase 1 dose expansion studies with G-CSF support, 23r has shown promising single agent activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Geuns-Meyer
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Victor J Cee
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Holly L Deak
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Bingfan Du
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Brian L Hodous
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Hanh Nho Nguyen
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Philip R Olivieri
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Laurie B Schenkel
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Karina R Vaida
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Paul Andrews
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Annette Bak
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Xuhai Be
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Pedro J Beltran
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Tammy L Bush
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Mary K Chaves
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Grace Chung
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Yang Dai
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Patrick Eden
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Kelly Hanestad
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Liyue Huang
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Min-Hwa Jasmine Lin
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Jin Tang
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Beth Ziegler
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Robert Radinsky
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Richard Kendall
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Vinod F Patel
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Marc Payton
- †Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Pharmaceutical Research and Development, §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, ∥Molecular Structure, and ⊥Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States, and Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
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