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Ringuette D, EbrahimAmini A, Sangphosuk W, Aquilino MS, Carroll G, Ashley M, Bazzigaluppi P, Dufour S, Droguerre M, Stefanovic B, Levi O, Charveriat M, Monnier PP, Carlen PL. Spreading depolarization suppression from inter-astrocytic gap junction blockade assessed with multimodal imaging and a novel wavefront detection scheme. Neurotherapeutics 2024; 21:e00298. [PMID: 38241157 PMCID: PMC10903093 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Spreading depolarizations (SDs) are an enigmatic and ubiquitous co-morbidity of neural dysfunction. SDs are propagating waves of local field depolarization and increased extracellular potassium. They increase the metabolic demand on brain tissue, resulting in changes in tissue blood flow, and are associated with adverse neurological consequences including stroke, epilepsy, neurotrauma, and migraine. Their occurrence is associated with poor patient prognosis through mechanisms which are only partially understood. Here we show in vivo that two (structurally dissimilar) drugs, which suppress astroglial gap junctional communication, can acutely suppress SDs. We found that mefloquine hydrochloride (MQH), administered IP, slowed the propagation of the SD potassium waveform and intermittently led to its suppression. The hemodynamic response was similarly delayed and intermittently suppressed. Furthermore, in instances where SD led to transient tissue swelling, MQH reduced observable tissue displacement. Administration of meclofenamic acid (MFA) IP was found to reduce blood flow, both proximal and distal, to the site of SD induction, preceding a large reduction in the amplitude of the SD-associated potassium wave. We introduce a novel image processing scheme for SD wavefront localization under low-contrast imaging conditions permitting full-field wavefront velocity mapping and wavefront parametrization. We found that MQH administration delayed SD wavefront's optical correlates. These two clinically used drugs, both gap junctional blockers found to distinctly suppress SDs, may be of therapeutic benefit in the various brain disorders associated with recurrent SDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dene Ringuette
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, 60 Leonard Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada; Krembil Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, 60 Leonard Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.
| | - Azin EbrahimAmini
- Krembil Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, 60 Leonard Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada; The Institute Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Weerawong Sangphosuk
- Krembil Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, 60 Leonard Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Mark S Aquilino
- The Institute Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Gwennyth Carroll
- The Institute Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Max Ashley
- Krembil Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, 60 Leonard Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Paolo Bazzigaluppi
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Suzie Dufour
- The Institute Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | | | - Bojana Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Ofer Levi
- The Institute Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Rd., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | | | - Philippe P Monnier
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, 60 Leonard Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 340 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5T 3A9, Canada
| | - Peter L Carlen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, 60 Leonard Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada; Krembil Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, 60 Leonard Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada; The Institute Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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2
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Almasirad A, Sani PSV, Mousavi Z, Fard GB, Anvari T, Farhadi M, Vosooghi M, Azizian H. Novel Thiazolotriazolone Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, In Silico Investigation, Analgesic and Anti‐inflammatory Activity. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Almasirad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Parvane Sadat Vafaei Sani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Zahra Mousavi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Gholamreza Behnami Fard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Taha Anvari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Farhadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Mohsen Vosooghi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Homa Azizian
- Department of medicinal chemistry School of Pharmacy Iran University of Medical Science Shahid Kabiri Tameh Street (North Shahin) Hemmat Gharb Highway Tehran Iran
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3
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Savjani J, Variya B, Patel S, Mulamkattil S, Amin H, Butani S, Allam A, Ajarem J, Shah H. Drug Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Heterocyclic Molecules as Anti-Inflammatory Agents. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041262. [PMID: 35209053 PMCID: PMC8876616 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are generally utilized for numerous inflammatory ailments. The long-term utilization of NSAIDs prompts adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal ulceration, renal dysfunction and hepatotoxicity; however, selective COX-2 inhibitors prevent these adverse events. Various scientific approaches have been employed to identify safer COX-2 inhibitors, as in any case, a large portion of particular COX-2 inhibitors have been retracted from the market because of severe cardiovascular events. This study aimed to develop and synthesize a novel series of indomethacin analogues with potential anti-inflammatory properties and fewer side effects, wherein carboxylic acid moiety was substituted using DCC/DMAP coupling. This study incorporates the docking of various indomethacin analogues to detect the binding interactions with COX-2 protein (PDB ID: 3NT1). MD simulation was performed to measure the stability and flexibility of ligand–protein interactions at the atomic level, for which the top-scoring ligand–protein complex was selected. These compounds were evaluated in vitro for COX enzymes inhibition. Likewise, selected compounds were screened in vivo for anti-inflammatory potential using the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema method and their ulcerogenic potential. The acute toxicity of compounds was also predicted using in silico tools. Most of the compounds exhibited the potent inhibition of both COX enzymes; however, 3e and 3c showed the most potent COX-2 inhibition having IC50 0.34 µM and 1.39 µM, respectively. These compounds also demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory potential without ulcerogenic liability. The biological evaluation revealed that the compound substituted with 4-nitrophenyl was most active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jignasa Savjani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G.Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, India; (B.V.); (S.P.); (S.M.); (H.A.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-9824550737
| | - Bhavesh Variya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G.Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, India; (B.V.); (S.P.); (S.M.); (H.A.); (S.B.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Snehal Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G.Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, India; (B.V.); (S.P.); (S.M.); (H.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Suja Mulamkattil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G.Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, India; (B.V.); (S.P.); (S.M.); (H.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Harsh Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G.Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, India; (B.V.); (S.P.); (S.M.); (H.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Shital Butani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G.Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, India; (B.V.); (S.P.); (S.M.); (H.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Ahmed Allam
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65211, Egypt;
| | - Jamaan Ajarem
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Harsh Shah
- J-Star Research Inc., 6 Cedar Brook Drive, Cranbury, NJ 08512, USA;
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Zaheer M, Zia-ur-Rehman M, Munir R, Jamil N, Ishtiaq S, Zaib Saleem RS, Elsegood MRJ. (Benzylideneamino)triazole-Thione Derivatives of Flurbiprofen: An Efficient Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and In Vivo Analgesic Potential. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:31348-31357. [PMID: 34841178 PMCID: PMC8613847 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Triazole is an imperative heterocycle renowned for its broad-spectrum biological significance. In this manuscript, facile microwave-assisted synthesis of a series of 4-(benzylideneamino)-3-(1-(2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)ethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione 6(a-m) derivatives along with their in vivo analgesic activity is reported. 2-(2-Fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanoic acid (flurbiprofen) was converted to methyl 2-(2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanoate using microwave irradiation, followed by its hydrazinolysis with hydrazine monohydrate. 2-(2-Fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanehydrazide thus obtained was converted to 4-amino-3-(1-(2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)ethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione, followed by its condensation with different aromatic aldehydes to get the title compounds. Structures of all the synthesized compounds were established using different methods (1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopies, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis) and evaluated for their potential as analgesic agents by tail flick, hot plate, and writhing methods. The results of this in vivo study revealed several compounds as potent analgesic agents among which compound 6e showed significant analgesic effect for all the three assays employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zaheer
- Applied
Chemistry Research Centre, PCSIR Laboratories
Complex, Lahore 54600 Pakistan
| | | | - Rubina Munir
- Department
of Chemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Jamil
- College
of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University
of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Ishtiaq
- University
College of Pharmacy, University of Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rahman Shah Zaib Saleem
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science
and Engineering, Lahore University of Management
Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
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Cuesta SA, Meneses L. The Role of Organic Small Molecules in Pain Management. Molecules 2021; 26:4029. [PMID: 34279369 PMCID: PMC8271912 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, a timeline starting at the willow bark and ending in the latest discoveries of analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs will be discussed. Furthermore, the chemical features of the different small organic molecules that have been used in pain management will be studied. Then, the mechanism of different types of pain will be assessed, including neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, and the relationship found between oxidative stress and pain. This will include obtaining insights into the cyclooxygenase action mechanism of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) such as ibuprofen and etoricoxib and the structural difference between the two cyclooxygenase isoforms leading to a selective inhibition, the action mechanism of pregabalin and its use in chronic neuropathic pain, new theories and studies on the analgesic action mechanism of paracetamol and how changes in its structure can lead to better characteristics of this drug, and cannabinoid action mechanism in managing pain through a cannabinoid receptor mechanism. Finally, an overview of the different approaches science is taking to develop more efficient molecules for pain treatment will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorena Meneses
- Laboratorio de Química Computacional, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre 1076 Apartado, Quito 17-01-2184, Ecuador;
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6
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Rouzer CA, Marnett LJ. Structural and Chemical Biology of the Interaction of Cyclooxygenase with Substrates and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Chem Rev 2020; 120:7592-7641. [PMID: 32609495 PMCID: PMC8253488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxgenases are key enzymes of lipid signaling. They carry out the first step in the production of prostaglandins, important mediators of inflammation, pain, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, and they are the molecular targets for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are among the oldest and most chemically diverse set of drugs known. Homodimeric proteins that behave as allosterically modulated, functional heterodimers, the cyclooxygenases exhibit complex kinetic behavior, requiring peroxide-dependent activation and undergoing suicide inactivation. Due to their important physiological and pathophysiological roles and keen interest on the part of the pharmaceutical industry, the cyclooxygenases have been the focus of a vast array of structural studies, leading to the publication of over 80 crystal structures of the enzymes in complex with substrates or inhibitors supported by a wealth of functional data generated by site-directed mutation experiments. In this review, we explore the chemical biology of the cyclooxygenases through the lens of this wealth of structural and functional information. We identify key structural features of the cyclooxygenases, break down their active site into regional binding pockets to facilitate comparisons between structures, and explore similarities and differences in the binding modes of the wide variety of ligands (both substrates and inhibitors) that have been characterized in complex with the enzymes. Throughout, we correlate structure with function whenever possible. Finally, we summarize what can and cannot be learned from the currently available structural data and discuss the critical intriguing questions that remain despite the wealth of information that has been amassed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Rouzer
- A. B. Hancock Jr. Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Departments of Biochemistry, Chemistry, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Lawrence J Marnett
- A. B. Hancock Jr. Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Departments of Biochemistry, Chemistry, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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Huang T, Guo J, Lv Y, Zheng Y, Feng T, Gao Q, Zeng W. Meclofenamic acid represses spermatogonial proliferation through modulating m 6A RNA modification. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2019; 10:63. [PMID: 31333841 PMCID: PMC6621992 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0361-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background N6-Methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent modification in mammalian mRNA, plays important roles in numerous biological processes. Several m6A associated proteins such as methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3), methyltransferase like 14 (METTL14), α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) and YTH domain containing 2 (YTHDC2) are involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis and oogenesis. However, the role of the first detected m6A demethylase, fat mass and obesity associate protein (FTO), in germ cells remains elusive. Elucidation of FTO roles in the regulation of germ cell fate will provide novel insights into the mammalian reproduction. Methods Mouse GC-1 spg cells were treated with the ester form of meclofenamic acid (MA2) to inhibit the demethylase activity of FTO. The cellular m6A and m6Am level were analyzed through high performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS-MS). The cell apoptosis was detected via TUNEL and flow cytometry. The cell proliferation was detected through EdU and western blot. The mRNA level of core cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) was quantified via q-PCR. RNA decay assay were performed to detect RNA stability. Dual fluorescence assay was conducted to study whether MA2 affects the expression of CDK2 dependent on the m6A modification at 3’UTR. Results MA2 significantly increased the cellular m6A level and down-regulated the expression of CDK1, CDK2, CDK6 and CdC25a, resulting in arrest of G1/S transition and decrease of cell proliferation. MA2 downregulated CDK2 mRNA stability. Additionally, mutation of the predicted m6A sites in the Cdk2–3’UTR could mitigated the degradation of CDK2 mRNA after MA2 treatment. Conclusion MA2 affected CDKs expression through the m6A-dependent mRNA degradation pathway, and thus repressed spermatogonial proliferation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40104-019-0361-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Jiayin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Yinghua Lv
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Tongying Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Wenxian Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
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Qin Z, Xi Y, Zhang S, Tu G, Yan A. Classification of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors Using Support Vector Machine and Random Forest Methods. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:1988-2008. [PMID: 30762371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the classification study conducted on the biggest COX-2 inhibitor data set so far. Using 2925 diverse COX-2 inhibitors collected from 168 pieces of literature, we applied machine learning methods, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), to develop 12 classification models. The best SVM and RF models resulted in MCC values of 0.73 and 0.72, respectively. The 2925 COX-2 inhibitors were reduced to a data set of 1630 molecules by removing intermediately active inhibitors, and 12 new classification models were constructed, yielding MCC values above 0.72. The best MCC value of the external test set was predicted to be 0.68 by the RF model using ECFP_4 fingerprints. Moreover, the 2925 COX-2 inhibitors were clustered into eight subsets, and the structural features of each subset were investigated. We identified substructures important for activity including halogen, carboxyl, sulfonamide, and methanesulfonyl groups, as well as the aromatic nitrogen atoms. The models developed in this study could serve as useful tools for compound screening prior to lab tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
| | - Yao Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
| | - Shengde Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
| | - Guiping Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
| | - Aixia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
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Prasher P, Mudila H, Sharma M, Khati B. Developmental perspectives of the drugs targeting enzyme-instigated inflammation: a mini review. Med Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02315-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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10
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Ibuprofen-thiadiazole hybrid compounds: Synthesis, vibrational analysis and molecular structure of 5-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine hydrochloride. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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11
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Lagunin AA, Geronikaki A, Eleftheriou P, Pogodin PV, Zakharov AV. Rational Use of Heterogeneous Data in Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) Modeling of Cyclooxygenase/Lipoxygenase Inhibitors. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:713-730. [PMID: 30688458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have been published in recent years with acceptable quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modeling based on heterogeneous data. In many cases, the training sets for QSAR modeling were constructed from compounds tested by different biological assays, contradicting the opinion that QSAR modeling should be based on the data measured by a single protocol. We attempted to develop approaches that help to determine how heterogeneous data should be used for the creation of QSAR models on the basis of different sets of compounds tested by different experimental methods for the same target and the same endpoint. To this end, more than 100 QSAR models for the IC50 values of ligands interacting with cyclooxygenase 1,2 (COX) and seed lipoxygenase (LOX), obtained from ChEMBL database were created using the GUSAR software. The QSAR models were tested on the external set, including 26 new thiazolidinone derivatives, which were experimentally tested for COX-1,2/LOX inhibition. The IC50 values of the derivatives varied from 89 μM to 26 μM for LOX, from 200 μM to 0.018 μM for COX-1, and from 210 μM to 1 μM for COX-2. This study showed that the accuracy of the models is dependent on the distribution of IC50 values of low activity compounds in the training sets. In the most cases, QSAR models created based on the combined training sets had advantages in comparison with QSAR models, based on a single publication. We introduced a new method of combination of quantitative data from different experimental studies based on the data of reference compounds, which was called "scaling".
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Lagunin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University , Ostrovitianov str. 1 , Moscow , 117997 , Russia
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry , Pogodinskaya Str., 10/8 , Moscow , 119121 , Russia
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Pharmacy , Aristotle University , Thessaloniki , 54124 , Greece
| | - Phaedra Eleftheriou
- School of Health and Medical Care , Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , 57400 , Greece
| | - Pavel V Pogodin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry , Pogodinskaya Str., 10/8 , Moscow , 119121 , Russia
| | - Alexey V Zakharov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) , National Institutes of Health , Rockville , Maryland 20850 , United States
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Zhang Q, Guan J, Li S, Zhao Y, Yu Z. Application of an UHPLC–MS/MS method to tissue distribution and excretion study of 2-(2-hydroxypropanamido) benzoic acid in rats. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1070:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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13
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Shah K, Gupta JK, Chauhan NS, Upmanyu N, Shrivastava SK, Mishra P. Prodrugs of NSAIDs: A Review. THE OPEN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY JOURNAL 2017; 11:146-195. [PMID: 29387273 PMCID: PMC5748882 DOI: 10.2174/1874104501711010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTORODUCTION Prodrug approach deals with chemical biotransformation or enzymatic conversion or involves inactive or less active bio-reversible derivatives of active drug molecules. They have to pass through enzymatic or chemical biotransformation before eliciting their pharmacological action. METHODS & MATERIALS The two different pharmacophores combine to give synergistic activity or may help in targeting the active drug to its target. Prodrug super seeds the problems of prodrug designing, for example solubility enhancement, bioavailability enhancement, chemical stability improvement, presystemic metabolism, site specific delivery, toxicity masking, improving patient acceptance, or eradicating undesirable adverse effects. RESULTS As an outcome the search for a prodrug or mutual prodrug with reduced toxicity has continued during recent years. This present review emphasizes the common help to revamp physiochemical, pharmaceutical and therapeutic effectiveness of drugs. CONCLUSION This gives the researcher a common platform where they can find prodrugs of commonly used NSAIDs to overcome the gastrointestinal toxicity (irritation, ulcergenocity and bleeding).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, U.P.- 281406, India
| | - Jeetendra K. Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, U.P.- 281406, India
| | | | - Neeraj Upmanyu
- School of Pharmacy & Research, Peoples University, Bhopal, M.P.- 462037, India
| | - Sushant K. Shrivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P.- 221005, India
| | - Pradeep Mishra
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, U.P.- 281406, India
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Molecular docking, synthesis and biological screening of mefenamic acid derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 801:28-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Narsinghani T, Sharma R. Synthesis, anti-inflammatory activities and docking studies of amide derivatives of meclofenamic acid. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-016-0102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Synthesis, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal activities and docking studies of novel 1,2,3-triazoles derived from ibuprofen using click chemistry. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:423. [PMID: 27104111 PMCID: PMC4828371 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are of vast therapeutic benefit in the treatment of different types of inflammatory conditions. 1,2,3-Triazoles and their derivatives have a wide range of applications as anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-tubercular, cytostatic, anti-HIV, anti-allergic, anti-neoplastic and anti-inflammatory (AI) agents. Considering the individual biological and medicinal importance of ibuprofen and 1,2,3-triazoles, we wanted to explore novel chemical entities based on ibuprofen and triazole moieties towards their biological significance. RESULTS Click chemistry has utilized as an ideal strategy to prepare novel ibuprofen-based 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole containing molecules. These compounds were screened for their in vivo AI activity, among all the synthesized analogues 13o was shown potent effect than the reference AI drug ibuprofen at the same concentration (10 mg/kg body weight). Compounds 13l, 13g, 13c, 13k, 13i, 13n, 13m and 13j were shown significant AI activity. These triazole analogues were also screened for their bactericidal profile. Compounds 13c, 13i, 13l and 13o exhibited considerable bactericidal activity against gram positive and gram negative strains. In addition to this, molecular docking studies were also carried out into cyclooxygenase-2 active site to predict the affinity and orientation of these novel compounds (13a-q). CONCLUSIONS In summary, we have designed and synthesized 1,2,3-triazole analogues of ibuprofen in good yields using Click chemistry approach. AI and bactericidal activities of these compounds were evaluated and shown remarkable results.
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Kaserer T, Temml V, Kutil Z, Vanek T, Landa P, Schuster D. Prospective performance evaluation of selected common virtual screening tools. Case study: Cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 and 2. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 96:445-57. [PMID: 25916906 PMCID: PMC4444576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Computational methods can be applied in drug development for the identification of novel lead candidates, but also for the prediction of pharmacokinetic properties and potential adverse effects, thereby aiding to prioritize and identify the most promising compounds. In principle, several techniques are available for this purpose, however, which one is the most suitable for a specific research objective still requires further investigation. Within this study, the performance of several programs, representing common virtual screening methods, was compared in a prospective manner. First, we selected top-ranked virtual screening hits from the three methods pharmacophore modeling, shape-based modeling, and docking. For comparison, these hits were then additionally predicted by external pharmacophore- and 2D similarity-based bioactivity profiling tools. Subsequently, the biological activities of the selected hits were assessed in vitro, which allowed for evaluating and comparing the prospective performance of the applied tools. Although all methods performed well, considerable differences were observed concerning hit rates, true positive and true negative hits, and hitlist composition. Our results suggest that a rational selection of the applied method represents a powerful strategy to maximize the success of a research project, tightly linked to its aims. We employed cyclooxygenase as application example, however, the focus of this study lied on highlighting the differences in the virtual screening tool performances and not in the identification of novel COX-inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Kaserer
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Veronika Temml
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zsofia Kutil
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR. v.v.i., Rozvojova 263, 165 02 Prague 6 - Lysolaje, Czech Republic; Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Vanek
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR. v.v.i., Rozvojova 263, 165 02 Prague 6 - Lysolaje, Czech Republic
| | - Premysl Landa
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR. v.v.i., Rozvojova 263, 165 02 Prague 6 - Lysolaje, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Suthar SK, Sharma M. Recent Developments in Chimeric NSAIDs as Safer Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Med Res Rev 2014; 35:341-407. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharad Kumar Suthar
- Department of Pharmacy; Jaypee University of Information Technology; Waknaghat 173234 India
| | - Manu Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy; Jaypee University of Information Technology; Waknaghat 173234 India
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19
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Uusi-Oukari M, Vähätalo L, Liljeblad A. Modifications of diflunisal and meclofenamate carboxyl groups affect their allosteric effects on GABAA receptor ligand binding. Neurochem Res 2014; 39:1183-91. [PMID: 24925262 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-014-1351-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAAR) are allosterically modulated by the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs diflunisal and fenamates. The carboxyl group of these compounds is charged at physiological pH and therefore penetration of the compounds into the brain is low. In the present study we have transformed the carboxyl group of diflunisal and meclofenamate into non-ionizable functional groups and analyzed the effects of the modifications on stimulation of [(3)H]muscimol binding and on potentiation of γ-aminobutyric acid-induced displacement of 4'-ethenyl-4-n-[2,3-(3)H]propylbicycloorthobenzoate. N-Butylamide derivative of diflunisal modulated radioligand binding with equal or higher potency than the parent compound, while diflunisalamide showed reduced allosteric effect as compared to diflunisal. Amide derivative of meclofenamate equally affected radioligand binding parameters, while both diflunisal and meclofenamate methyl esters were less active than the parent compounds. Our study clearly demonstrates that an intact carboxyl group in diflunisal and meclofenamate is not indispensable for their positive GABAAR modulation. Further derivatization of the compound might yield compounds with higher selectivity for GABAARs that could be utilized in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko Uusi-Oukari
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku, Itainen Pitkakatu 4, 20014, Turku, Finland,
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20
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Synthesis, molecular modeling and anti-inflammatory screening of novel fluorinated quinoline incorporated benzimidazole derivatives using the Pfitzinger reaction. J Fluor Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Nayak PS, Narayana B, Sarojini BK, Hegde K, Shashidhara KS. Design and synthesis of novel heterocyclic acetamide derivatives for potential analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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22
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Narsinghani T, Sharma R. Lead Optimization on Conventional Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: An Approach to Reduce Gastrointestinal Toxicity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 84:1-23. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamanna Narsinghani
- School of Pharmacy; Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya; Takshashila Campus, Ring Road Indore 452 001 MP India
| | - Rajesh Sharma
- School of Pharmacy; Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya; Takshashila Campus, Ring Road Indore 452 001 MP India
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23
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The Study of Pyridazine Compounds on Prostanoids: Inhibitors of COX, cAMP Phosphodiesterase, and TXA2Synthase. J CHEM-NY 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/703238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The pyridazine moiety is an important structural feature of various pharmacological active compounds. Synthetic pyridazine compounds have been reported as effective antiprostaglandins (PGs), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), and antiplatelet agents, that is, inhibitors of prostaglandin or cyclooxygenase (COX-I & COX-II) enzyme, platelet cAMP phosphodiesterase, and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) synthase. These compounds are selective and nonselective COX inhibitors and showed analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic activity. Pyridazine compounds with antiplatelet agents inhibited TXA2enzyme. Pyridazines also exhibited antirheumatoid activity. These pyridazine compounds hold considerable interest relative to the preparation of organic intermediates and other anticipated biologically active compounds.
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24
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Jin M, Dai Y, Xu C, Wang Y, Wang S, Chen Z. Effects of meclofenamic acid on limbic epileptogenesis in mice kindling models. Neurosci Lett 2013; 543:110-4. [PMID: 23567745 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The most avid goal for antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) development today is to discover potential agents to prevent epilepsy or slow the process of epileptogenesis. Accumulating evidence reveals that gap junctions in the brain may be involved in epileptogenesis. Meclofenamic acid (MFA), a gap junction blocker, has not yet been applied in epileptogenic models to test whether it has antiepileptogenic or disease-modifying properties or not. In this study, we investigated the effects of MFA on limbic epileptogenesis in amygdaloid kindling and hippocampus rapid kindling models in mice. We found that intracerebroventricular (i.c.v., 2 μl) administration of either dose of MFA (100 μM, 1mM or 100mM) 15 min prior daily kindling stimulus decreased seizure stage, shortened the after-discharge duration (ADD) and increased the number of stimulations required to elicit stage 5 seizure. MFA also prevented the establishment of post-kindling enhanced amygdala excitability, evident as the increase of afterdischarge threshold (ADT) compared with pre-kindling values. Furthermore, MFA retarded kindling acquisition in mice hippocampus rapid kindling model as well, which demonstrated that the antiepileptogenic effects of MFA were not specific to the amygdala but also occur in other limbic structures such as the hippocampus. Our results confirm that MFA can slow the limbic epileptogenesis in both amygdaloid kindling and hippocampus rapid kindling models, and indicate that MFA may be a potential drug that has antiepileptogenic or disease-modifying properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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25
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Tinsley HN, Grizzle WE, Abadi A, Keeton A, Zhu B, Xi Y, Piazza GA. New NSAID targets and derivatives for colorectal cancer chemoprevention. Recent Results Cancer Res 2013; 191:105-20. [PMID: 22893202 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-30331-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and preclinical studies provide strong evidence that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can prevent numerous types of cancers, especially colorectal cancer. Unfortunately, the depletion of physiologically important prostaglandins due to cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition results in potentially fatal toxicities that preclude the long-term use of NSAIDs for cancer chemoprevention. While studies have shown an involvement of COX-2 in colorectal tumorigenesis, other studies suggest that a COX-independent target may be at least partially responsible for the antineoplastic activity of NSAIDs. For example, certain NSAID derivatives have been identified that do not inhibit COX-2 but have demonstrated efficacy to suppress carcinogenesis with potential for reduced toxicity. A number of alternative targets have also been reported to account for the tumor cell growth inhibitory activity of NSAIDs, including the inhibition of cyclic guanosine monophosphate phosphodiesterases (cGMP PDEs), generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the suppression of the apoptosis inhibitor protein, survivin, and others. Here, we review several promising mechanisms that are being targeted to develop safer and more efficacious NSAID derivatives for colon cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather N Tinsley
- Department of Biology, University of Montevallo, Montevallo, AL, USA
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26
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Uzgören-Baran A, Tel BC, Sarıgöl D, Oztürk Eİ, Kazkayası I, Okay G, Ertan M, Tozkoparan B. Thiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazole-5(6H)-one substituted with ibuprofen: novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents with favorable gastrointestinal tolerance. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 57:398-406. [PMID: 22840494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to establish new candidates with improved analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities and lower ulcerogenic risk, a series of thiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazole-5(6H)-one derivatives of ibuprofen were synthesized. All compounds were evaluated for their in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in mice. Furthermore, the ulcerogenic risks of the compounds were determined. In general, none of the compounds represent a risk for developing stomach injury as much as observed in the reference drugs ibuprofen and indomethacin. The compounds carrying a 3-phenyl-2-propenylidene (1a), (biphenyl-4-yl)methylidene (1f) and (1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)methylidene (1n) at the 6th position of the fused ring have been evaluated as potential analgesic/anti-inflammatory agents without a gastrointestinal side effect. These new compounds, therefore, deserve further attention to develop new lead drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Uzgören-Baran
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
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27
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of ester derivatives of indomethacin as selective COX-2 inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9747-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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28
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Soriano-Hernández AD, Galvan-Salazar HR, Montes-Galindo DA, Rodriguez-Hernandez A, Martinez-Martinez R, Guzman-Esquivel J, Valdez-Velazquez LL, Baltazar-Rodriguez LM, Espinoza-Gómez F, Rojas-Martinez A, Ortiz-Lopez R, Gonzalez-Alvarez R, Delgado-Enciso I. Antitumor effect of meclofenamic acid on human androgen-independent prostate cancer: a preclinical evaluation. Int Urol Nephrol 2011; 44:471-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-011-0012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Tozkoparan B, Aytaç SP, Gürsoy Ş, Aktay G. Design and synthesis of some thiazolotriazolyl esters as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. Med Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-010-9508-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Zarghi A, Ghodsi R. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of ketoprofen analogs as potent cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:5855-60. [PMID: 20650641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.06.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Revised: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A new series of ketoprofen analogs were synthesized to evaluate their biological activities as selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. In vitro COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition studies showed that all compounds were potent and selective inhibitors of the COX-2 isozyme with IC(50) values in the highly potent 0.057-0.085 microM range, and COX-2 selectivity indexes in the 115 to >1298.7 range. Compounds possessing azido pharmacophore group (8a and 8b) exhibited highly COX-2 inhibitory selectivity and potency even more than reference drug celecoxib. Molecular modeling studies indicated that the azido substituent can be inserted deeply into the secondary pocket of COX-2 active site for interactions with Arg(513).
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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31
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Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel 5-substituted-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-2-methylbenzimidazole derivatives as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:2245-9. [PMID: 20172630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 5-substituted-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-2-methylbenzimidazole derivatives have been synthesized. The structures of these compounds were established by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, Mass spectral data and elemental analyses. Compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity as well as gastric ulcerogenic effects. Derivatives 4a, 4b and 4c exhibited moderate to good anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and acetic acid-induced writhing in mice, respectively, with low ulcerogenicity compared with the standard drug indomethacin.
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Tozkoparan B, Aytaç SP, Aktay G. Novel 3,6-disubstituted 7H-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazines: synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of analgesic/anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2009; 342:291-8. [PMID: 19415660 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200800188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the synthesis of a new series of 3,6-disubstituted-7H-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine 1a-4c compounds derived from 4-amino-3-substituted-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiones 1-4 is described. All of the synthesized compounds were screened for their possible analgesic / anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities and gastric toxicity. The compound 2c was found to have both significant analgesic and consistent anti-inflammatory activity without inducing any gastric lesions along with minimal lipid peroxidation. A deep insight into the structures of the active compounds revealed that the compounds carrying an electron withdrawing group (a chloride or fluoride) on the phenyl ring at 6-position of the condensed heterocyclic derivatives exhibited noticeable higher activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birsen Tozkoparan
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
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Piazza GA, Keeton AB, Tinsley HN, Gary BD, Whitt JD, Mathew B, Thaiparambil J, Coward L, Gorman G, Li Y, Sani B, Hobrath JV, Maxuitenko YY, Reynolds RC. A novel sulindac derivative that does not inhibit cyclooxygenases but potently inhibits colon tumor cell growth and induces apoptosis with antitumor activity. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2009; 2:572-80. [PMID: 19470791 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-09-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as sulindac have shown promising antineoplastic activity, although toxicity from cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition and the suppression of prostaglandin synthesis limits their use for chemoprevention. Previous studies have concluded that the mechanism responsible for their antineoplastic activity may be COX independent. To selectively design out the COX inhibitory activity of sulindac sulfide (SS), in silico modeling studies were done that revealed the crucial role of the carboxylate moiety for COX-1 and COX-2 binding. These studies prompted the synthesis of a series of SS derivatives with carboxylate modifications that were screened for tumor cell growth and COX inhibitory activity. A SS amide (SSA) with a N,N-dimethylethyl amine substitution was found to lack COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activity, yet potently inhibit the growth of human colon tumor cell lines, HT-29, SW480, and HCT116 with IC(50) values of 2 to 5 micromol/L compared with 73 to 85 micromol/L for SS. The mechanism of growth inhibition involved the suppression of DNA synthesis and apoptosis induction. Oral administration of SSA was well-tolerated in mice and generated plasma levels that exceeded its in vitro IC(50) for tumor growth inhibition. In the human HT-29 colon tumor xenograft mouse model, SSA significantly inhibited tumor growth at a dosage of 250 mg/kg. Combined treatment of SSA with the chemotherapeutic drug, Camptosar, caused a more sustained suppression of tumor growth compared with Camptosar treatment alone. These results indicate that SSA has potential safety and efficacy advantages for colon cancer chemoprevention as well as utility for treating malignant disease if combined with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary A Piazza
- Drug Discovery and Development Divisions, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, Alabama 35205, USA.
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Önkol T, Banoglu E, Dündar Y, Küpeli E, Şahin MF. Amide derivatives of [6-acyl-2-benzothiazolinon-3-yl] acetic acids as potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory compounds. Med Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-009-9168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sudha KN, Shakira M, Prasanthi P, Sarika N, Kumar CN, Babu PA. Virtual screening for novel COX-2 inhibitors using the ZINC database. Bioinformation 2008; 2:325-9. [PMID: 18685718 PMCID: PMC2478730 DOI: 10.6026/97320630002325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2008] [Revised: 04/24/2008] [Accepted: 04/25/2008] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme binds to arachidonic acid and releases metabolites that are used to induce pain and inflammation. COX-2 selective inhibitors such as celecoxib, rofecoxib and valdecoxib are currently used to reduce inflammatory response. However, they lack anti-thrombotic activity and hence lead to cardiovascular and renal liabilities apart from gastrointestinal irritation. Therefore, there is still a need to develop more potent COX-2 inhibitors. In this paper, we report the screening of various compounds from the ZINC database (contains 4.6 million small molecule compounds) using the eHiTS (electronic High Throughput Screening) software tool against the COX-2 protein. The strategy employed can be conveniently split into two categories, viz. screening and docking, respectively. Screening was performed using molecular constraints tool to filter compounds with physico-chemical properties similar to the 6COX bound ligand SC-558. The analysis resulted in 1042 Lipinski compliant hits which are docked and scored to identify structurally novel ligands that make similar interactions to those of known ligands or may have different interactions with other parts of the binding site. Our screening approach identified two molecules ZINC00663976 (eHITS score of -7.135 kcal/mol) and ZINC02062094 (eHITS score of -7.242 kcal/mol) from the ZINC database. Their energy scores are better than the 6COX bound co-crystallized ligand SC-558 with an eHiTS score of -6.559 kcal/mol. Both the ligands were docked within the binding pocket forming interactions with Leu352, Phe518, Met522, Val523, Ala527 and Ser353. Visual inspection suggested similar orientation and binding mode for ZINC02062094 with SC-558 ligand. The NH group of the ligand formed hydrogen bond interactions with the backbone NH of Ala527.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaprolu Naga Sudha
- Department of Microbiology, Sir C. R Reddy College for Women, Vatluru, Eluru 534125, India.
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Peretz A, Degani-Katzav N, Talmon M, Danieli E, Gopin A, Malka E, Nachman R, Raz A, Shabat D, Attali B. A tale of switched functions: from cyclooxygenase inhibition to M-channel modulation in new diphenylamine derivatives. PLoS One 2007; 2:e1332. [PMID: 18159230 PMCID: PMC2131780 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 11/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes are molecular targets of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the most used medication worldwide. However, the COX enzymes are not the sole molecular targets of NSAIDs. Recently, we showed that two NSAIDs, diclofenac and meclofenamate, also act as openers of Kv7.2/3 K(+) channels underlying the neuronal M-current. Here we designed new derivatives of diphenylamine carboxylate to dissociate the M-channel opener property from COX inhibition. The carboxylate moiety was derivatized into amides or esters and linked to various alkyl and ether chains. Powerful M-channel openers were generated, provided that the diphenylamine moiety and a terminal hydroxyl group are preserved. In transfected CHO cells, they activated recombinant Kv7.2/3 K(+) channels, causing a hyperpolarizing shift of current activation as measured by whole-cell patch-clamp recording. In sensory dorsal root ganglion and hippocampal neurons, the openers hyperpolarized the membrane potential and robustly depressed evoked spike discharges. They also decreased hippocampal glutamate and GABA release by reducing the frequency of spontaneous excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic currents. In vivo, the openers exhibited anti-convulsant activity, as measured in mice by the maximal electroshock seizure model. Conversion of the carboxylate function into amide abolished COX inhibition but preserved M-channel modulation. Remarkably, the very same template let us generating potent M-channel blockers. Our results reveal a new and crucial determinant of NSAID-mediated COX inhibition. They also provide a structural framework for designing novel M-channel modulators, including openers and blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher Peretz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nurit Degani-Katzav
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maya Talmon
- Department of Biochemistry, Georges Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eyal Danieli
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anna Gopin
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eti Malka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rachel Nachman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amiram Raz
- Department of Biochemistry, Georges Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Doron Shabat
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Bernard Attali
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Sharma M, Ray S. Aromatic amide derivatives of 5,6-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden(-1-yl)acetic acid as anti-inflammatory agents free of ulcerogenic liability. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:6790-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2007] [Revised: 09/07/2007] [Accepted: 10/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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39
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Wey SJ, Augustyniak ME, Cochran ED, Ellis JL, Fang X, Garvey DS, Janero DR, Letts LG, Martino AM, Melim TL, Murty MG, Richardson SK, Schroeder JD, Selig WM, Trocha AM, Wexler RS, Young DV, Zemtseva IS, Zifcak BM. Structure-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of indomethacin derivatives as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibiting nitric oxide donors. J Med Chem 2007; 50:6367-82. [PMID: 17994684 DOI: 10.1021/jm0611861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Indomethacin, a nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, was modified in three distinct regions in an attempt both to increase cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selectivity and to enhance drug safety by covalent attachment of an organic nitrate moiety as a nitric oxide donor. A human whole-blood COX assay shows the modifications on the 3-acetic acid part of the indomethacin yielding an amide-nitrate derivative 32 and a sulfonamide-nitrate derivative 61 conferred COX-2 selectivity. Along with their respective des-nitrate analogs, for example, 31 and 62, the nitrates 32 and 61 were effective antiinflammatory agents in the rat air-pouch model. After oral dosing, though, only 32 increased nitrate and nitrite levels in rat plasma, indicating that its nitrate tether served as a nitric oxide donor in vivo. In a rat gastric injury model, examples 31 and 32 both show a 98% reduction in gastric lesion score compared to that of indomethacin. In addition, the nitrated derivative 32 inducing 85% fewer gastric lesions when coadministered with aspirin as compared to the combination of aspirin and valdecoxib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiow-Jyi Wey
- NitroMed, Inc., 125 Spring Street, Lexington, Massachusetts 02421, USA.
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40
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Abdel-Rahman HM, Hussein MA. Synthesis of β-Hydroxypropanoic Acid Derivatives as Potential Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic and Antimicrobial Agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2006; 339:378-87. [PMID: 16783838 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200600016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A series of new 3-(substituted) 3-hydroxy-propanoic acid ethyl esters 1a-c, hydrazides 2a-c, thiosemicarbazides 3a-f, and semicarbazides 3g, 3h has been synthesized. Cyclization of compounds 3a-d in basic medium yielded 1,2,4-triazole-5-thiones 4a-d. On the other hand, reaction of hydrazides 2a-c with CS(2 )in basic medium afforded 1,3,4-oxadiazole-5-thiones 5a-c. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by their physical and spectral analyses data. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial activities. Compounds 1c, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, and 5c exhibited comparable anti-inflammatory activity to that of indomethacin and compounds 1c, 4c, and 5c were more analgesics than acetyl salicylic acid. Compounds 4b, 4c, and 5c showed superior GI safety profile (33.3%, 33.3% and 50.0% ulceration) than that of indomethacin (100% ulceration) at 100 mg/kg oral dose. Compounds 4b, 4c, and 5c were also non-toxic with a median lethal dose (LD(50)) up to 200 mg/kg. The antibacterial and antifungal screenings identified compounds 3c, 4b, 4d, 5a, and 5b as the most effective against a variety of tested microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy M Abdel-Rahman
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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41
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Narsinghani T, Chaturvedi SC. QSAR analysis of meclofenamic acid analogues as selective COX-2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:461-8. [PMID: 16290292 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2005] [Revised: 07/08/2005] [Accepted: 07/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of quantitative structure-activity relationships, since its advent, has become increasingly helpful in understanding many aspects of biochemical interactions in drug research. This approach was utilized to explain the relationship of structure with biological activity of selective COX-2 inhibitors. The enormity of the COX-2 discovery is reflected in the unprecedented speed at which research laboratories have sought to validate its clinical implications. Presented herein is a series of 21 derivatives of meclofenamic acid with selective COX-2 inhibitory activity. Several statistically significant regression expressions were obtained for both COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition using sequential multiple linear regression analysis method. Two of these models were selected and validated further, which revealed the importance of Kier molecular flexibility index for COX-2 inhibitory activity and the number of hydrogen bond donor atoms for COX-1 inhibitory activity. Additionally, linear correlation of molecular flexibility with COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activities revealed that flexibility of molecules at COX-2 active site can improve the selectivity of COX-2 inhibitors.
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42
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Zhang YC, Chen PT, Guan HS, Li YX. Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Novel Conjugates of Indomethacin with Antioxidant Activity. CHINESE J CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.200591523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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43
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Süküroglu M, Caliskan Ergün B, Unlü S, Sahin MF, Küpeli E, Yesilada E, Banoglu E. Synthesis, Analgesic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of [6-(3,5-Dimethyl-4-Chloropyrazole-1-yl)-3(2H)-Pyridazinon-2-yl]Acetamides. Arch Pharm Res 2005; 28:509-17. [PMID: 15974435 DOI: 10.1007/bf02977751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of structurally diverse amide derivatives of [6-(3,5-dimethyl-4-chloro-pyrazole-1-yl)-3(2H)-pyridazinone-2-yl]acetic acid were prepared and tested for their in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity by using p-benzoquinone-induced writhing test and carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model, respectively. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds, 7c, 7d and 7k were found to be equipotent to aspirin (as an analgesic) and indometacin (as an anti-inflammatory drug), respectively. The other amide derivatives generally resulted in lower activity on comparision with reference compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Süküroglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330-Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
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44
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Liu HX, Zhang RS, Yao XJ, Liu MC, Hu ZD, Fan BT. QSAR and classification models of a novel series of COX-2 selective inhibitors: 1,5-diarylimidazoles based on support vector machines. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2005; 18:389-99. [PMID: 15663000 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-004-2722-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The support vector machine, which is a novel algorithm from the machine learning community, was used to develop quantitation and classification models which can be used as a potential screening mechanism for a novel series of COX-2 selective inhibitors. Each compound was represented by calculated structural descriptors that encode constitutional, topological, geometrical, electrostatic, and quantum-chemical features. The heuristic method was then used to search the descriptor space and select the descriptors responsible for activity. Quantitative modelling results in a nonlinear, seven-descriptor model based on SVMs with root mean-square errors of 0.107 and 0.136 for training and prediction sets, respectively. The best classification results are found using SVMs: the accuracy for training and test sets is 91.2% and 88.2%, respectively. This paper proposes a new and effective method for drug design and screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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45
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Galanakis D, Kourounakis AP, Tsiakitzis KC, Doulgkeris C, Rekka EA, Gavalas A, Kravaritou C, Charitos C, Kourounakis PN. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of amide conjugates of NSAIDs with L-cysteine ethyl ester, combining potent antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties with significantly reduced gastrointestinal toxicity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 14:3639-43. [PMID: 15203134 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2004] [Revised: 05/11/2004] [Accepted: 05/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of a series of amide derivatives of NSAIDs with L-cysteine ethyl ester is described. The novel derivatives are potent antiinflammatory, antioxidant and hypocholesterolemic-hypolipidemic agents, while they demonstrate considerably reduced gastrointestinal toxicity. This molecular modification may offer a general route to safer antiinflammatory agents, potentially suitable for chronic use in conditions such as neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Galanakis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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46
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Park H, Lee S. Free energy perturbation approach to the critical assessment of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2005; 19:17-31. [PMID: 16059664 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-005-0098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2004] [Accepted: 12/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors represents a major achievement of the efforts over the past few decades to develop therapeutic treatments for inflammation. To gain insights into designing new COX-2-selective inhibitors, we address the energetic and structural basis for the selective inhibition of COX isozymes by means of a combined computational protocol involving docking experiment, force field design for the heme prothetic group, and free energy perturbation (FEP) simulation. We consider both COX-2- and COX-1-selective inhibitors taking the V523I mutant of COX-2 to be a relevant structural model for COX-1 as confirmed by a variety of experimental and theoretical evidences. For all COX-2-selective inhibitors under consideration, we find that free energies of binding become less favorable as the receptor changes from COX-2 to COX-1, due to the weakening and/or loss of hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions that stabilize the inhibitors in the COX-2 active site. On the other hand, COX-1-selective oxicam inhibitors gain extra stabilization energy with the change of residue 523 from valine to isoleucine because of the formations of new hydrogen bonds in the enzyme-inhibitor complexes. The utility of the combined computational approach, as a valuable tool for in silico screening of COX-2-selective inhibitors, is further exemplified by identifying the physicochemical origins of the enantiospecific selective inhibition of COX-2 by alpha-substituted indomethacin ethanolamide inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwangseo Park
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and Center for Molecular Catalysis, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, South Korea.
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47
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Shahapurkar S, Pandya T, Kawathekar N, Chaturvedi SC. Quantitative structure activity relationship studies of diaryl furanones as selective COX-2 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2004; 39:899-904. [PMID: 15782440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2004.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Selective COX-2 inhibitors have attracted much attention in recent times in the design of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAID), which are devoid of the common side effects of classical NSAIDs. QSAR studies have been performed on a series of diaryl furanones that acts as selective COX-2 inhibitor using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE). The studies were carried out on 43 analogs. These studies produced good predictive models and give statistically significant correlations of selective COX-2 inhibitory with physical property, connectivity and conformation of molecule. Also when available COX-1 inhibitory data was analyzed with descriptors obtained from MOE, partial charge descriptor, van der Waal's surface area and solvation energy gave statistically significant results.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shahapurkar
- School of Pharmacy, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidylaya, Takshashila Parisar, Khandwa Road, Indore, India
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48
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Pérez González M, Dias LC, Helguera AM, Rodríguez YM, de Oliveira LG, Gomez LT, Diaz HG. TOPS-MODE based QSARs derived from heterogeneous series of compounds. Applications to the design of new anti-inflammatory compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:4467-75. [PMID: 15265497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2004] [Revised: 05/22/2004] [Accepted: 05/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new application of TOPological Sub-structural MOlecular DEsign (TOPS-MODE) was carried out in anti-inflammatory compounds using computer-aided molecular design. Two series of compounds, one containing anti-inflammatory and the other containing nonanti-inflammatory compounds were processed by a k-means cluster analysis in order to design the training and prediction sets. A linear classification function to discriminate the anti-inflammatory from the inactive compounds was developed. The model correctly and clearly classified 88% of active and 91% of inactive compounds in the training set. More specifically, the model showed a good global classification of 90%, that is, (399 cases out of 441). While in the prediction set, they showed an overall predictability of 88% and 84% for active and inactive compounds, being the global percentage of good classification of 85%. Furthermore this paper describes a fragment analysis in order to determine the contribution of several fragments towards anti-inflammatory property, also the present of halogens in the selected fragments were analyzed. It seems that the present TOPS-MODE based QSAR is the first alternate general 'in silico' technique to experimentation in anti-inflammatory discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maykel Pérez González
- Unit of Service, Drug Design Department, Experimental Sugar Cane Station Villa Clara-Cienfuegos, Villa Clara, Ranchuelo 53100, Cuba.
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49
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Shahapurkar S, Pandya T, Kawathekar N, Chaturvedi SC. Quantitative structure activity relationship studies of diaryl furanones as selective COX-2 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2004; 39:383-8. [PMID: 15072847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2003.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2003] [Revised: 12/08/2003] [Accepted: 12/15/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Selective COX-2 inhibitors have attracted much attention in recent times in the design of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAID), which are devoid of the common side effects of classical NSAIDs. QSAR studies have been performed on a series of diaryl furanones that acts as selective COX-2 inhibitor using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE). The studies were carried out on 43 analogs. These studies produced good predictive models and give statistically significant correlations of selective COX-2 inhibitory with physical property, connectivity and conformation of molecule. Also when available COX-1 inhibitory data was analyzed with descriptors obtained from MOE, partial charge descriptor, van der Waal's surface area and solvation energy gave statistically significant results.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shahapurkar
- School of Pharmacy, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidylaya, Takshashila Parisar, Khandwa Road, Indore, India
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50
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Gupta K, Kaub CJ, Carey KN, Casillas EG, Selinsky BS, Loll PJ. Manipulation of kinetic profiles in 2-aryl propionic acid cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:667-71. [PMID: 14741265 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs flurbiprofen and ibuprofen were modified in an attempt to alter the kinetics of inhibitor binding by COX-1. Contrary to prior predictions, a halogen substituent is not sufficient to confer slow tight-binding behavior. Conversion of the carboxylate moiety of flurbiprofen to an ester or amide abolishes slow tight-binding behavior, regardless of halogenation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushol Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
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