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La Monica G, Bono A, Alamia F, Lauria A, Martorana A. Bioisosteric heterocyclic analogues of natural bioactive flavonoids by scaffold-hopping approaches: State-of-the-art and perspectives in medicinal chemistry. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 109:117791. [PMID: 38870715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The flavonoid family is a set of well-known bioactive natural molecules, with a wide range of potential therapeutic applications. Despite the promising results obtained in preliminary in vitro/vivo studies, their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles are severely compromised by chemical instability. To address this issue, the scaffold-hopping approach is a promising strategy for the structural optimization of natural leads to discover more potent analogues. In this scenario, this Perspective provides a critical analysis on how the replacement of the chromon-4-one flavonoid core with other bioisosteric nitrogen/sulphur heterocycles might affect the chemical, pharmaceutical and biological properties of the resulting new chemical entities. The investigated derivatives were classified on the basis of their biological activity and potential therapeutic indications. For each session, the target(s), the specific mechanism of action, if available, and the key pharmacophoric moieties were highlighted, as revealed by X-ray crystal structures and in silico structure-based studies. Biological activity data, in vitro/vivo studies, were examined: a particular focus was given on the improvements observed with the new heterocyclic analogues compared to the natural flavonoids. This overview of the scaffold-hopping advantages in flavonoid compounds is of great interest to the medicinal chemistry community to better exploit the vast potential of these natural molecules and to identify new bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele La Monica
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessia Bono
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Federica Alamia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Lauria
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Annamaria Martorana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
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2
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Xiang F, Jin B. Study on electrochemical reduction mechanism of p-nitrophenylacetic acid prepared by electrocarboxylation. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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3
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Rao MS, Hussain S. DABCO-mediated decarboxylative cyclization of isatoic anhydride with aroyl/heteroaroyl/alkoylacetonitriles under microwave conditions: Strategy for the synthesis of substituted 4-quinolones. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Mohammadzadeh S, Zare HR, Khoshro H, Ghobadi K, Benvidi A. The electrochemical behavior of 4-nitrobenzyl bromide and its catalytic activity for reduction of CO2 in the acetonitrile solvent at the Cu/Pd/rGO/GCE surface. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Silva VLM, Silva AMS. Palladium-Catalysed Synthesis and Transformation of Quinolones. Molecules 2019; 24:E228. [PMID: 30634524 PMCID: PMC6359680 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Palladium-catalysed reactions have had a large impact on synthetic organic chemistry and have found many applications in target-oriented synthesis. Their widespread use in organic synthesis is due to the mild conditions associated with the reactions together with their tolerance of a wide range of functional groups. Moreover, these types of reactions allow the rapid construction of complex molecules through multiple bond-forming reactions in a single step, the so-called tandem processes. Pd-catalysed reactions have been applied to the synthesis of a large number of natural products and bioactive compounds, some of them of complex molecular structures. This review article aims to present an overview of the most important Pd-catalysed reactions employed in the synthesis and transformations of quinolin-2(1H)-ones and quinolin-4(1H)-ones. These compounds are widely recognized by their diverse bioactivity, being privileged structures in medicinal chemistry and useful structural moieties for the development of new drug candidates. Furthermore, they hold significant interest due to their host⁻guest chemistry; applications in chemical, biochemical and environmental analyses and use in the development of new synthetic methods. In some cases, the quinolone formation step cannot be ascribed to a claimed Pd-catalysed reaction but this reaction is crucial to get the appropriate substrate for cyclization into the quinolone. Herein we present and discuss different economical, efficient and selective synthetic strategies to access quinolone-type compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera L M Silva
- Department of Chemistry QOPNA and LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Department of Chemistry QOPNA and LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Liu Y, Tian Y, Su K, Wang P, Guo X, Chen B. Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed [3 + 3] annulation reactions of N-nitrosoanilines and cyclopropenones: an approach to functionalized 4-quinolones. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01250h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report Rh(iii)-catalyzed [3 + 3] annulation reactions for the preparation of functionalized 4-quinolones from available N-nitrosoanilines and cyclopropenones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Yuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Kexin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Peigen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Xin Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- North Minzu University
- Yinchuan
- China
| | - Baohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
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Chen XB, Gong JW, Zhang XD, Liu XL, Liu W, Wang YC. Catalyst-free concise synthesis of multi-functional 3-cyano-4-quinolinone derivatives from cyanoacetylenaminones and DMF-DMA. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Presley CC, Du Y, Dalal S, Merino EF, Butler JH, Rakotonandrasana S, Rasamison VE, Cassera MB, Kingston DGI. Isolation, structure elucidation, and synthesis of antiplasmodial quinolones from Crinum firmifolium. Bioorg Med Chem 2017. [PMID: 28648491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Antiplasmodial bioassay guided fractionation of a Madagascar collection of Crinum firmifolium led to the isolation of seven compounds. Five of the seven compounds were determined to be 2-alkylquinolin-4(1H)-ones with varying side chains. Compounds 1 and 4 were determined to be known compounds with reported antiplasmodial activities, while 5 was believed to be a new branched 2-alkylquinolin-4(1H)-one, however, it was isolated in limited quantities and in admixture and therefore was synthesized to confirm its structure as a new antiplasmodial compound. Along with 5, two other new and branched compounds 6 and 7 were synthesized as well. Accompanying the five quinolones were two known compounds 2 and 3 which are inactive against Plasmodium falciparum. The isolation, structure elucidation, total synthesis, and biological evaluation of these compounds are discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C Presley
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, M/C 0212, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Yongle Du
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, M/C 0212, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Seema Dalal
- Department of Biochemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, M/C 0308, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Emilio F Merino
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases (CTEGD), University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Joshua H Butler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases (CTEGD), University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Stéphan Rakotonandrasana
- Centre National d'Application des Recherches Pharmaceutiques, B.P 702, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Vincent E Rasamison
- Centre National d'Application des Recherches Pharmaceutiques, B.P 702, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Maria B Cassera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases (CTEGD), University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - David G I Kingston
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, M/C 0212, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
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10
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Mphahlele MJ. 2,6,8-Triaryl-3-iodoquinolin-4(1 H)-ones as Substrates for the Synthesis of 2,3,6,8-Tetraarylquinolin-4(1 H)-ones and the 2-Substituted 4,6,8-Triaryl-1 H-furo[3,2- c]quinolines. J Heterocycl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malose J. Mphahlele
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Engineering and Technology; University of South Africa; P.O. Box 392 Pretoria 0003 South Africa
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11
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Santhosh Reddy R, Lagishetti C, Kiran INC, You H, He Y. Transition-Metal-Free Cascade Synthesis of 4-Quinolones: Umpolung of Michael Acceptors via Ene Reaction with Arynes. Org Lett 2016; 18:3818-21. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Santhosh Reddy
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Chandraiah Lagishetti
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - I. N. Chaithanya Kiran
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Hengyao You
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Yun He
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
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12
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Mochalov SS, Fedotov AN, Trofimova EV, Zefirov NS. Transformations of N-(2-acylaryl)benzamides and their analogs under the Camps cyclization conditions. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s107042801607006x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Pinto J, Silva VLM, Santos LMNBF, Silva AMS. Synthesis of (E)-3-Styrylquinolin-4(1H)-ones in Water by Ohmic Heating: a Comparison with Other Methodologies. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Pinto
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Vera L. M. Silva
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Luis M. N. B. F. Santos
- Centro de Investigação em Química; Departamento de Química e Bioquímica; Universidade do Porto; Rua Campo Alegre 687 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
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Iguchi D, Erra-Balsells R, Bonesi SM. Photo-Fries rearrangement of aryl acetamides: regioselectivity induced by the aqueous micellar green environment. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 15:105-16. [DOI: 10.1039/c5pp00349k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy shows the location of acetanilides within the shells and hydrophobic cores in micellar solutions. Irradiation of acetanilides in aqueous micellar solutions involves C–N homolytic cleavage to yield singlet radical pairs that selectively provide 2-aminoacetophenone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Iguchi
- CIHIDECAR – CONICET
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- FCEyN
- University of Buenos Aires
- Pabellón 2
| | - Rosa Erra-Balsells
- CIHIDECAR – CONICET
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- FCEyN
- University of Buenos Aires
- Pabellón 2
| | - Sergio M. Bonesi
- CIHIDECAR – CONICET
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- FCEyN
- University of Buenos Aires
- Pabellón 2
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15
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Cincinelli R, Musso L, Beretta G, Dallavalle S. 4-Quinolone fused heterocyclic ring systems by intramolecular reactions of 4-quinolone-2-carboxamides. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Seixas RSGR, Almeida AIS, Pereira SIG, Cavaleiro JAS, Silva AMS. Diastereoselective syntheses of (Z)- and (E)-3-styrylquinolin-4(1H)-ones. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-014-1263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Gupta S, Ghosh P, Dwivedi S, Das S. Synthesis of 6-aryl substituted 4-quinolones via Suzuki cross coupling. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45056b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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18
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Fryknäs M, Gullbo J, Wang X, Rickardson L, Jarvius M, Wickström M, Hassan S, Andersson C, Gustafsson M, Westman G, Nygren P, Linder S, Larsson R. Screening for phenotype selective activity in multidrug resistant cells identifies a novel tubulin active agent insensitive to common forms of cancer drug resistance. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:374. [PMID: 23919498 PMCID: PMC3751689 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug resistance is a common cause of treatment failure in cancer patients and encompasses a multitude of different mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to identify drugs effective on multidrug resistant cells. METHODS The RPMI 8226 myeloma cell line and its multidrug resistant subline 8226/Dox40 was screened for cytotoxicity in response to 3,000 chemically diverse compounds using a fluorometric cytotoxicity assay (FMCA). Follow-up profiling was subsequently performed using various cellular and biochemical assays. RESULTS One compound, designated VLX40, demonstrated a higher activity against 8226/Dox40 cells compared to its parental counterpart. VLX40 induced delayed cell death with apoptotic features. Mechanistic exploration was performed using gene expression analysis of drug exposed tumor cells to generate a drug-specific signature. Strong connections to tubulin inhibitors and microtubule cytoskeleton were retrieved. The mechanistic hypothesis of VLX40 acting as a tubulin inhibitor was confirmed by direct measurements of interaction with tubulin polymerization using a biochemical assay and supported by demonstration of G2/M cell cycle arrest. When tested against a broad panel of primary cultures of patient tumor cells (PCPTC) representing different forms of leukemia and solid tumors, VLX40 displayed high activity against both myeloid and lymphoid leukemias in contrast to the reference compound vincristine to which myeloid blast cells are often insensitive. Significant in vivo activity was confirmed in myeloid U-937 cells implanted subcutaneously in mice using the hollow fiber model. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that VLX40 may be a useful prototype for development of novel tubulin active agents that are insensitive to common mechanisms of cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mårten Fryknäs
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Hwang JM, Ting WJ, Wu HC, Chen YJ, Tsai FJ, Chen PY, Liu CY, Chou LC, Kuo SC, Huang CY. KHC-4 anti-cancer effects on human PC3 prostate cancer cell line. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 40:1063-71. [PMID: 22928835 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x12500784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A bicyclic chemical structure, such as that found in flavonoids, was discovered to have anti-cancer activity. Further synthetic structural modification created a series of 2-phenyl-4-quinolone analogs, especially KHC-4, with the same bicyclic chemical structure. This new structure was reported to have stronger anti-cancer activity. In KHC-4 treatments for 72 h on human prostate cancer PC3 cells, cytotoxic effects (IC(50) =0.1 μM) increased dose dependently, causing Cdk1/cyclin B1 complex activity mannered cell cycle and proliferation. KHC-4 treatments suppressed Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL protein levels and upregulated Bax. At the same concentration, pro-caspase 9 protein was cleaved to an activated form, leading to cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the MMP-2 protein levels also decreased through KHC-4 treatment in PC3. In conclusion, KHC-4 presents great prostate cancer therapeutic effects for cell proliferation inhibition, induction of apoptosis and protection against tumor migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ming Hwang
- School of Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan , Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Microwave-induced CAN promoted atom-economic synthesis of 1H-benzo[b]xanthene and 4H-benzo[g]chromene derivatives of N-allyl quinolone and their antimicrobial activity. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0301-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Fei XD, Zhou Z, Li W, Zhu YM, Shen JK. Buchwald-Hartwig Coupling/Michael Addition Reactions: One-Pot Synthesis of 1,2-Disubstituted 4-Quinolones from Chalcones and Primary Amines. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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22
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An efficient one-step synthesis of 2-arylquinolin-4(1H)-ones with the aid of a low-valent titanium reagent. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Batail N, Genelot M, Dufaud V, Joucla L, Djakovitch L. Palladium-based innovative catalytic procedures: Designing new homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for the synthesis and functionalisation of N-containing heteroaromatic compounds. Catal Today 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2011.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Chopde HN, Pagadala R, Meshram JS, Jetti V. Synthesis, characterization, antibacterial and antifungal activity of 2-(aryl)-3-(3-((8-hydroxyquinolin-5-yl)diazenyl)phenyl)thiazolidin-4-ones. J Heterocycl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Djakovitch L, Batail N, Genelot M. Recent advances in the synthesis of N-containing heteroaromatics via heterogeneously transition metal catalysed cross-coupling reactions. Molecules 2011; 16:5241-67. [PMID: 21701436 PMCID: PMC6264783 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16065241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
N-containing heteroaromatics are important substructures found in numerous natural or synthetic alkaloids. The diversity of the structures encountered, as well as their biological and pharmaceutical relevance, have motivated research aimed at the development of new economical, efficient and selective synthetic strategies to access these compounds. Over more than 100 years of research, this hot topic has resulted in numerous so-called "classical synthetic methods" that have really contributed to this important area. However, when the selective synthesis of highly functional heteroaromatics like indoles, quinolones, indoxyls, etc. is considered these methods remain limited. Recently transition metal-catalysed (TM-catalysed) procedures for the synthesis of such compounds and further transformations, have been developed providing increased tolerance toward functional groups and leading generally to higher reaction yields. Many of these methods have proven to be the most powerful and are currently applied in target- or diversity-oriented syntheses. This review article aims at reporting the recent developments devoted to this important area, focusing on the use of heterogeneous catalysed procedures that include either the formation of the heterocyclic ring towards the nuclei or their transformations to highly substituted compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Djakovitch
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, Villeurbanne F-69626, France.
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Lange J, Bissember AC, Banwell MG, Cade IA. Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydro-4(1H)-quinolones and the Corresponding 4(1H)-Quinolones via Low-Temperature Fries Rearrangement of N-Arylazetidin-2-ones. Aust J Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1071/ch10465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
N-Arylazetidin-2-ones of the general form 1, which are readily prepared by Goldberg–Buchwald-type copper-catalyzed coupling of N-unsubstituted azetidin-2-ones with the relevant aryl halide or using Mitsunobu cyclization processes, undergo smooth Fries-rearrangement in triflic acid at 0–18°C to give the isomeric 2,3-dihydro-4(1H)-quinolones (2). Dehydrogenation of the latter compounds using 10% Pd on C in 1.0 M aqueous sodium hydroxide/propan-2-ol mixtures at ca. 82°C provides the corresponding 4(1H)-quinolones (3).
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Cross RM, Manetsch R. Divergent Route to Access Structurally Diverse 4-Quinolones via Mono or Sequential Cross-Couplings. J Org Chem 2010; 75:8654-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo1014504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Matthew Cross
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, CHE205, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Roman Manetsch
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, CHE205, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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Chou LC, Chen CT, Lee JC, Way TD, Huang CH, Huang SM, Teng CM, Yamori T, Wu TS, Sun CM, Chien DS, Qian K, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH, Huang LJ, Kuo SC. Synthesis and preclinical evaluations of 2-(2-fluorophenyl)-6,7-methylenedioxyquinolin-4-one monosodium phosphate (CHM-1-P-Na) as a potent antitumor agent. J Med Chem 2010; 53:1616-26. [PMID: 20102207 DOI: 10.1021/jm901292j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
CHM-1 [2-(2-fluorophenyl)-6,7-methylenedioxyquinolin-4-one] (1) has a unique antitumor mechanism of action. However, because 1 has relatively low hydrophilicity, it was evaluated only via ip administration, which is not clinically acceptable. In this study, we synthesized the monosodium phosphate salt (CHM-1-P-Na, 4) of 1 as a hydrophilic prodrug. Compound 4 was rapidly converted into 1 following iv and po administration and also possessed excellent antitumor activity in a SKOV-3 xenograft nude mice model. Compound 4 also had clear-cut pharmacological effects on enzymes related with tumor cells. Neither 4 nor 1 significantly affected normal biological function in a safety pharmacology profiling study. Compound 1 caused apoptotic effects in breast carcinoma cells via accumulation of cyclin B1, and importantly, the endogenous levels of the mitotic spindle checkpoint proteins BubR1 directly correlated with cellular response to microtubule disruption. With excellent antitumor activity profiles, 4 is highly promising for development as an anticancer clinical trials candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chen Chou
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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29
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Mphahlele MJ. Synthesis of 2-arylquinolin-4(1H)-ones and their transformation toN-alkylated andO-alkylated derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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30
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Zhao T, Xu B. Palladium-Catalyzed Tandem Amination Reaction for the Synthesis of 4-Quinolones. Org Lett 2009; 12:212-5. [PMID: 20000580 DOI: 10.1021/ol902626d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiankun Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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31
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Boteva AA, Krasnykh OP. The methods of synthesis, modification, and biological activity of 4-quinolones (review). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-009-0360-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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32
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Patel NB, Patel SD. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-phenyl-3-{1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-7-[4-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-4-quinolone}carboxamido-3-thiazolidin-4-ones. Pharm Chem J 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-009-0300-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Chang YH, Hsu MH, Wang SH, Huang LJ, Qian K, Morris-Natschke SL, Hamel E, Kuo SC, Lee KH. Design and synthesis of 2-(3-benzo[b]thienyl)-6,7-methylenedioxyquinolin-4-one analogues as potent antitumor agents that inhibit tubulin assembly. J Med Chem 2009; 52:4883-91. [PMID: 19719238 PMCID: PMC2761767 DOI: 10.1021/jm900456w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As part of our continuing investigation of azo-flavonoid derivatives as potential anticancer drug candidates, a series of 2-aryl-6,7-methylenedioxyquinolin-4-one analogues was designed and synthesized. The design combined structural features of 2-(2-fluorophenyl)-6,7-methylenedioxyquinolin-4-one (CHM-1), a previously discovered compound with potent in vivo antitumor activity, and 2-arylquinolin-4-ones, identified by CoMFA models. The newly synthesized analogues were evaluated for cytotoxicity against seven human cancer cell lines, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) correlations were established. Analogues 1, 37, and 39 showed potent cytotoxicity against different cancer cell lines. Compound 1 demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against Hep 3B (hepatoma) cells. Compound 37 was cytotoxic against HL-60 (leukemia), HCT-116 (colon cancer), Hep 3B (hepatoma), and SK-MEL-5 (melanoma) cells. Compound 39 exhibited broad cytotoxicity against all seven cancer cell lines, with IC50 values between 0.07 and 0.19 microM. Results from mechanism of action studies revealed that these new quinolone derivatives function as antitubulin agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hua Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hung Wang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jiau Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Keduo Qian
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7360
| | - Susan L. Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7360
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Sheng-Chu Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7360
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34
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35
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Hsu MH, Chen CJ, Kuo SC, Chung JG, Lai YY, Teng CM, Pan SL, Huang LJ. 2-(3-Fluorophenyl)-6-methoxyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (YJC-1) induces mitotic phase arrest in A549 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 559:14-20. [PMID: 17223102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2006] [Revised: 12/01/2006] [Accepted: 12/06/2006] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A 2-phenyl-4-quinolone (2-PQ) derivative, 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (YJC-1), was synthesized in our laboratory. In this study, we delineated the growth-inhibitory effect of YJC-1 in human lung carcinoma A549 cells. YJC-1 inhibited cell growth with an IC(50) value of about 4.8 microM via microtubule polymerization, causing growth arrest in the mitotic phase. Immunoblotting analysis revealed a dramatic induction of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21(Cip1/Waf1) and down-regulation of Cdc25C phosphatase to inhibit the protein expression of cyclin B1 and CDK1. We also found that YJC-1 induced a profound time-dependent elevation in p21(Cip1/Waf1) gene expression in comparison with the negative control. In vivo, we also found that YJC-1 significantly suppressed tumor growth in mice inoculated with A549 cells. These findings suggest that YJC-1 can suppress A549 cell growth via mitotic phase arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hua Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40421, Taiwan (ROC)
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36
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Nakamura S, Kozuka M, Bastow KF, Tokuda H, Nishino H, Suzuki M, Tatsuzaki J, Morris Natschke SL, Kuo SC, Lee KH. Cancer preventive agents, Part 2: Synthesis and evaluation of 2-phenyl-4-quinolone and 9-oxo-9,10-dihydroacridine derivatives as novel antitumor promoters. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:4396-401. [PMID: 15914009 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.04.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2005] [Accepted: 04/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
2-Phenyl-4-quinolone and 9-oxo-9,10-dihydroacridine derivatives were synthesized and screened as potential antitumor promoters by examining the ability of the compounds to inhibit Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in Raji cells. Interestingly, compounds 14, 15, and 17 showed similar inhibitory effects (89-92%, 66-69%, and 24-29% at 1000, 500, and 100 mol ratio to TPA, respectively) against EBV-EA with potencies comparable to those of glycyrrhetic acid, a known natural antitumor-promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seikou Nakamura
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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37
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Xiao Z, Bastow KF, Vance JR, Lee KH. Antitumor agents. Part 227: Studies on novel 4'-O-demethyl-epipodophyllotoxins as antitumor agents targeting topoisomerase II. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 12:3339-44. [PMID: 15158802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2003] [Accepted: 03/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Eight novel epipodophyllotoxin derivatives (6-13), which were designed to overcome drug resistance and enhance topoisomerase II inhibition, were synthesized and evaluated. Two of these compounds (7 and 8) showed better preclinical activity profiles, including cell growth inhibition, cell killing, and in vitro topoisomerase II inhibition, as compared to the prototype molecule etoposide (1). They also retained the superior drug-resistance profile of GL-331 (4), an epipodophyllotoxin derivative currently in clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Xiao
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, USA
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38
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Stern E, Millet R, Depreux P, Hénichart JP. A versatile and efficient synthesis of 3-aroyl-1,4-dihydroquinolin-4-ones. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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39
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Synthesis of New 2,3-Dihydro-2-phenyl-4-quinolone Derivatives; Aza Analogs of Flavanone. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2004. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2004.25.8.1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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