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Li ZQ, Cao Y, Kang T, Engle KM. Electrophilic Sulfur Reagent Design Enables Directed syn-Carbosulfenylation of Unactivated Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7189-7197. [PMID: 35436110 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A multi-component approach to structurally complex organosulfur products is described via the nickel-catalyzed 1,2-carbosulfenylation of unactivated alkenes with organoboron nucleophiles and tailored organosulfur electrophiles. The key to the development of this transformation is the identification of a modular N-alkyl-N-(arylsulfenyl)arenesulfonamide family of sulfur electrophiles. Tuning the electronic and steric properties of the leaving group in these reagents controls pathway selectivity, favoring three-component coupling and suppressing side reactions, as examined via computational studies. The unique syn-stereoselectivity differs from traditional electrophilic sulfenyl transfer processes involving a thiiranium ion intermediate and arises from the directed arylnickel(I) migratory insertion mechanism, as elucidated through reaction kinetics and control experiments. Reactivity and regioselectivity are facilitated by a collection of monodentate, weakly coordinating native directing groups, including sulfonamides, alcohols, amines, amides, and azaheterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Qi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yilin Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Taeho Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Keary M Engle
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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2
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Alizadeh AA, Morris MB, Church WB, Yaqoubi S, Dastmalchi S. A mechanistic perspective, clinical applications, and phage-display-assisted discovery of TNFα inhibitors. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:503-518. [PMID: 34628042 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
TNFα participates in a variety of physiological processes, but at supra-physiological concentrations it has been implicated in the pathology of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, much attention has been devoted to the development of strategies that overcome the effects of aberrant TNFα concentration. Promising strategies include drugs that destabilize the active (trimeric) form of TNFα and antagonists of TNFα receptor type I. Underpinning these strategies is the successful application of phage-display technology to identify anti-TNFα peptides and antibodies. Here, we review the development of inhibitors of the TNFα-TNF receptor system, with particular focus on the phage-display-assisted identification of molecules that interfere with this system by acting as inhibitors of TNFα or by sequestering TNFα away from its receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Alizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Michael B Morris
- Discipline of Physiology and Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - W Bret Church
- Group in Biomolecular Structure and Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy A15, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Shadi Yaqoubi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siavoush Dastmalchi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, PO Box 99138, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey.
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3
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Wadhwa P, Kharbanda A, Sharma A. Thia-Michael Addition: An Emerging Strategy in Organic Synthesis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Wadhwa
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology; Roorkee India
| | | | - Anuj Sharma
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology; Roorkee India
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4
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Murumkar PR, Giridhar R, Yadav MR. Novel methods and strategies in the discovery of TACE inhibitors. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2012; 8:157-81. [PMID: 23231541 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2013.744745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a key player in inflammation and joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). One treatment approach to exclude TNF-α from the biological system is by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme (TACE), the enzyme responsible for the production of its active form. To date, a number of TACE inhibitors have been reported in the literature from various strategies and methods. AREAS COVERED The following article presents the design and development strategies for the discovery of novel TACE inhibitors which could be of therapeutic utility for the alleviation of inflammatory conditions. The review is based on literature of the subject from 2005 onward. EXPERT OPINION Discovery of a selective TACE inhibitor has remained a major goal for many academic and pharmaceutical industrial research laboratories for quite some time. Identification of selective TACE inhibitors has proved elusive until recently due to structural similarities between TACE and MMPs. The differences in the shape and size of the S1' pocket of TACE and MMPs could be exploited to design selective TACE inhibitors devoid of any MMP inhibitory activity in the near future. It would be a Herculean task to develop a specific TACE inhibitor for clinical treatment of RA because binding subsites of TACE and MMPs are quite similar. However, developments taking place currently in the field as well as in the application of molecular modeling techniques at a wider scale could yet provide clinically useful selective TACE inhibitors in the not too distant future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant R Murumkar
- The M.S. University of Baroda, Faculty of Technology & Engineering, Pharmacy Department, Kalabhavan, Vadodara-390 001, India
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Murumkar PR, DasGupta S, Chandani SR, Giridhar R, Yadav MR. Novel TACE inhibitors in drug discovery: a review of patented compounds. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2010; 20:31-57. [PMID: 20021284 DOI: 10.1517/13543770903465157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, catalyzes the formation of TNF-alpha from membrane bound TNF-alpha precursor protein. TNF-alpha is believed to play pathophysiological roles in inflammation, anorexia, cachexia, septic shock, viral replication and so on. TNF-alpha is a key player in inflammation and joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis. While a variety of TACE inhibitors have been reported in the literature, a vast majority of these compounds are peptidic and peptide-like compounds that are expected to have bioavailability and pharmacokinetic problems, common to such compounds, limiting their clinical effectiveness. Low molecular mass, long acting, orally bioavailable inhibitors of TACE are, therefore, highly desirable for the treatment of potential chronic diseases mentioned above. A review of patented compounds as TACE inhibitors in drug discovery is given. A selection of interesting patents recorded from 2001 to 2009 is presented. Various novel TACE inhibitors developed by different companies have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant R Murumkar
- The M.S. University of Baroda, Faculty of Technology & Engineering, Department of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan, Vadodara, 390 001, India
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6
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Li JJ, Johnson AR. Selective MMP13 inhibitors. Med Res Rev 2010; 31:863-94. [PMID: 20196103 DOI: 10.1002/med.20204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacology of MMP13 and MMP13 selective inhibitors is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jack Li
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, USA.
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7
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Forbes C, Shi Q, Fisher JF, Lee M, Hesek D, Llarrull LI, Toth M, Gossing M, Fridman R, Mobashery S. Active site ring-opening of a thiirane moiety and picomolar inhibition of gelatinases. Chem Biol Drug Des 2009; 74:527-34. [PMID: 19807733 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00881.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
(+/-)-2-[(4-Phenoxyphenylsulfonyl)methyl]thiirane 1 is a potent and selective mechanism-based inhibitor of the gelatinase sub-class of the zinc-dependent matrix metalloproteinase family. Inhibitor 1 has excellent activity in in vivo models of gelatinase-dependent disease. We demonstrate that the mechanism of inhibition is a rate-limiting gelatinase-catalyzed thiolate generation via deprotonation adjacent to the thiirane, with concomitant thiirane opening. A corollary to this mechanism is the prediction that thiol-containing structures, related to thiirane-opened 1, will possess potent matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory activity. This prediction was validated by the synthesis of the product of this enzyme-catalyzed reaction on 1, which exhibited a remarkable K(i) of 530 pm against matrix metalloproteinase-2. Thiirane 1 acts as a caged thiol, unmasked selectively in the active sites of gelatinases. This mechanism is unprecedented in the substantial literature on inhibition of zinc-dependent hydrolases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Forbes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Walther Cancer Research Center, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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To bind zinc or not to bind zinc: an examination of innovative approaches to improved metalloproteinase inhibition. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2009; 1803:72-94. [PMID: 19712708 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2009.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Revised: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 08/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This short review highlights some recent advances in matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (MMPi) design and development. Three distinct approaches to improved MMP inhibition are discussed: (1) the identification and investigation of novel zinc-binding groups (ZBGs), (2) the study of non-zinc-binding MMPi, and (3) mechanism-based MMPi that form covalent adducts with the protein. Each of these strategies is discussed and their respective advantages and remaining challenges are highlighted. The studies discussed here bode well for the development of ever more selective, potent, and well-tolerated MMPi for treating several important disease pathologies.
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9
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Current perspective of TACE inhibitors: A review. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:444-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2008] [Revised: 11/12/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Novel thiol-based TACE inhibitors. Part 2: Rational design, synthesis, and SAR of thiol-containing aryl sulfones. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:44-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2007] [Revised: 11/06/2007] [Accepted: 11/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Govinda Rao B, Bandarage UK, Wang T, Come JH, Perola E, Wei Y, Tian SK, Saunders JO. Novel thiol-based TACE inhibitors: Rational design, synthesis, and SAR of thiol-containing aryl sulfonamides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:2250-3. [PMID: 17289381 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2006] [Revised: 01/18/2007] [Accepted: 01/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of potent thiol-containing aryl sulfonamide TACE inhibitors was designed and synthesized. The SAR and MMP selectivity of the series were investigated. In particular, compound 4b has shown excellent in vitro potency against the isolated TACE enzyme and good selectivity over MMP-2, -7, -8, -9, and -13. The X-ray structure of 4b bound to TACE was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Govinda Rao
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 130 Waverly Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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12
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Sani M, Candiani G, Pecker F, Malpezzi L, Zanda M. Novel highly potent, structurally simple γ-trifluoromethyl γ-sulfone hydroxamate inhibitor of stromelysin-1 (MMP-3). Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Reiter LA, Mitchell PG, Martinelli GJ, Lopresti-Morrow LL, Yocum SA, Eskra JD. Phosphinic acid-based MMP-13 inhibitors that spare MMP-1 and MMP-3. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:2331-6. [PMID: 12824028 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00413-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phosphinic acid-based inhibitors of MMP-13 have been investigated with the aim of identifying potent inhibitors with high selectivity versus MMP-1. Independent variation of the substituents on a P(1)' phenethyl group and a P(2) benzyl group improved potencies in both cases around 3-fold over the unsubstituted parent. Combining improved P(1)' and P(2) groups into a single molecule gave an inhibitor with a 4.5 nM IC(50) against MMP-13 and which is 270-fold selective over MMP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence A Reiter
- Pfizer Inc, Global Reseach & Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Rd., 06340, Groton, CT, USA.
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Bernardo MM, Brown S, Li ZH, Fridman R, Mobashery S. Design, synthesis, and characterization of potent, slow-binding inhibitors that are selective for gelatinases. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:11201-7. [PMID: 11790786 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111021200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gelatinases have been shown to play a key role in angiogenesis and tumor metastasis. Small molecular weight synthetic inhibitors for these enzymes are highly sought for potential use as anti-metastatic agents. Virtually all of the known inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are broad spectrum. We report herein the synthesis and kinetic characterization of two compounds, 4-(4-phenoxyphenylsulfonyl)butane-1,2-dithiol (compound 1) and 5-(4-phenoxyphenylsulfonyl)pentane-1,2-dithiol (compound 2), that are potent and selective gelatinase inhibitors. These compounds are slow, tight-binding inhibitors of gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) with K(i) values in the nanomolar range. In contrast, competitive inhibition of the catalytic domain of membrane-type 1 metalloproteinase (MMP-14(cat)) with comparable K(i) values (K(i) approximately 200 nm) was observed. Binding to stromelysin (MMP-3) was substantially weaker, with K(i) values in the micromolar range (K(i) approximately 10 microm). No binding to matrilysin (MMP-7) and collagenase 1 (MMP-1) was detected at inhibitor concentrations up to 60 microm. We have previously shown that synthetic MMP inhibitors work synergistically with TIMP-2 in the promotion of pro-MMP-2 activation by MT1-MMP in a process that depends on the affinity of the inhibitor toward MT1-MMP. It is shown herein that the dithiols are significantly less efficient (>100-fold) than marimastat, a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor, in enhancing pro-MMP-2 activation in cells infected to express MT1-MMP, consistent with the lower affinity of the dithiols toward MT1-MMP. Thus, in contrast to broad-spectrum MMP inhibitors, the dithiols are less likely to promote MT1-MMP-dependent pro-MMP-2 activation in the presence of TIMP-2, while maintaining their ability to inhibit active MMP-2 effectively.
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15
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Grdina DJ, Kataoka Y, Murley JS, Hunter N, Weichselbaum RR, Milas L. Inhibition of spontaneous metastases formation by amifostine. Int J Cancer 2002; 97:135-41. [PMID: 11774255 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.1592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Amifostine was investigated for its ability to inhibit spontaneous metastases formation using the well-characterized murine sarcoma, Sa-NH. Amifostine was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 50 mg/kg every other day for 6 days to C3Hf/Kam mice until tumors reached an average size of 8-8.5 mm in diameter. Amifostine was again administered immediately after surgical removal of the tumor-bearing limbs by amputation, and then once more 2 days later. Twenty-one days later, animals were evaluated for the presence of spontaneously developed pulmonary metastases. Nontumor-bearing control animals were sham treated using the same dosing and surgery schedules. Treatment with amifostine appeared to slightly delay tumor growth, that is, 13 vs. 12 days for tumors to reach an average diameter of 8 mm. Amifostine reduced both the incidence of pulmonary metastases formed in experimental animals from 77% to 57% (p < 0.05), and their average number per animal from 12.8 +/- 5.4 (SEM) to 2.9 +/- 1.1 (SEM). The effect of amifostine exposure on serum levels of the angiogenesis inhibitor angiostatin was also determined using Western blot analysis. Consistent with the antimetastatic effect, exposure of animals to 50 mg/kg of amifostine resulted in a 4-fold enhanced serum level of angiostatin above control levels. This phenomenon occurred in tumor-bearing and nontumor-bearing animals. The effects of amifostine on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymatic activity was also determined using gelatin zymography. Conditioned growth medium collected from Sa-NH cells grown to confluency was exposed to various concentrations of SH, i.e., 2-[(aminopropyl)amino]ethane-thiol (WR-1065), the active thiol form of amifostine, for either 30 min or 18 hr. WR-1065, as a function of increasing dose and time, inhibited the enzymatic activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9. At a concentration and time of exposure likely to be achieved in vivo, that is, 40 microM and 30 min, MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were reduced to between 30% and 40% of control values. Consistent with these affects, WR-1065 was also found to be effective in inhibiting the ability of Sa-NH cells to migrate through Matrigel membranes. After an 18-hr exposure under in vitro conditions, WR-1065 at concentrations of 4, 40 and 400 microM, and 4 mM, inhibited Sa-NH migration to 11%, 44%, 81% and 97% of control values, respectively. The abilities of amifostine and its active thiol WR-1065 to stimulate angiostatin production in mice, and to inhibit the MMP enzymatic activities and invasion ability of Sa-NH cells under in vitro conditions, are consistent with the observed antimetastatic effects exhibited against Sa-NH tumors growing in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Grdina
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Becker DP, Barta TE, Bedell L, DeCrescenzo G, Freskos J, Getman DP, Hockerman SL, Li M, Mehta P, Mischke B, Munie GE, Swearingen C, Villamil CI. alpha-Amino-beta-sulphone hydroxamates as potent MMP-13 inhibitors that spare MMP-1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:2719-22. [PMID: 11591509 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00556-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of alpha-amino-beta-sulphone hydroxamates was prepared and evaluated for potency versus MMP-13 and selectivity versus MMP-1. Various substituents were employed on the alpha-amino group (P(1) position), as well as different groups attached to the sulphone group extending into P(1)'. Low nanomolar potency was obtained for MMP-13 with selectivity versus MMP-1 of >1000x for a number of analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Becker
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and Inflammation-Oncology, Pharmacia Research & Development, 4901 Searle Parkway, Skokie, IL 60077, USA.
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17
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Becker DP, DeCrescenzo G, Freskos J, Getman DP, Hockerman SL, Li M, Mehta P, Munie GE, Swearingen C. alpha-Alkyl-alpha-amino-beta-sulphone hydroxamates as potent MMP inhibitors that spare MMP-1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:2723-5. [PMID: 11591510 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00557-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of alpha-alkyl-alpha-amino-beta-sulphone hydroxamates was prepared and evaluated for potency versus MMP-2 and MMP-13, and for selectivity versus MMP-1. Low nanomolar potency was obtained with selectivity versus MMP-1 ranging from >10 to >1000. Selected compounds were orally bioavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Becker
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and Inflammation-Oncology, Pharmacia Research & Development, 4901 Searle Parkway, Skokie, IL 60077, USA.
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18
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Skiles JW, Monovich LG, Jeng AY. Chapter 15. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors for treatment of cancer. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(00)35016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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Whittaker M, Floyd CD, Brown P, Gearing AJ. Design and therapeutic application of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. Chem Rev 1999; 99:2735-76. [PMID: 11749499 DOI: 10.1021/cr9804543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 755] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Whittaker
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biology, and Clinical Research, British Biotech Pharmaceuticals Limited, Oxford, U.K
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20
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Freskos JN, McDonald JJ, Mischke BV, Mullins PB, Shieh HS, Stegeman RA, Stevens AM. Synthesis and identification of conformationally constrained selective MMP inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:1757-60. [PMID: 10406637 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We have discovered a new series of potent conformationally constrained MMP Inhibitors that are selective for MMP-13 over MMP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Freskos
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Searle Discovery Research, St Louis, MO 63198, USA
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