1
|
Neochoritis CG, Livadiotou D, Tsiaras V, Zarganes-Tzitzikas T, Samatidou E. The indoleacetic acids in IMCRs: a three-component Ugi reaction involving TosMIC. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
2
|
Hirai G. Mimicking/extracting structure and functions of natural products: synthetic approaches that address unexplored needs in chemical biology. CHEM REC 2014; 15:445-56. [PMID: 25504785 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201402074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Natural products are often attractive and challenging targets for synthetic chemists, and many have interesting biological activities. However, synthetic chemists need to be more than simply suppliers of compounds to biologists. Therefore, we have been seeking ways to actively apply organic synthetic methods to chemical biology studies of natural products and their activities. In this personal review, I would like to introduce our work on the development of new biologically active compounds inspired by, or extracted from, the structures of natural products, focusing on enhancement of functional activity and specificity and overcoming various drawbacks of the parent natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Go Hirai
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Thuaud F, Kojima S, Hirai G, Oonuma K, Tsuchiya A, Uchida T, Tsuchimoto T, Sodeoka M. RE12 derivatives displaying Vaccinia H1-related phosphatase (VHR) inhibition in the presence of detergent and their anti-proliferative activity against HeLa cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:2771-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
4
|
Ge J, Cheng X, Tan LP, Yao SQ. Ugi reaction-assisted rapid assembly of affinity-based probes against potential protein tyrosine phosphatases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:4453-5. [PMID: 22451009 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc31294h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The multi-component Ugi reaction has been employed to assemble a small library of affinity-based probes (AfBPs) that target potential protein tyrosine phosphatases. The probes showed good labelling of PTP1B and MptpB, and were subsequently used to label endogenous PTP1B in MCF-7 cell lysates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Ge
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hirai G, Tsuchiya A, Koyama Y, Otani Y, Oonuma K, Dodo K, Simizu S, Osada H, Sodeoka M. Development of a Vaccinia H1-related (VHR) phosphatase inhibitor with a nonacidic phosphate-mimicking core structure. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:617-22. [PMID: 21391303 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Go Hirai
- RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Proper control of cell cycle progression requires the functionality of a small family of activating phosphatases termed Cdc25, which have been implicated in cancer and Alzheimer's disease. These protein tyrosine phosphatases are therefore recognized as attractive molecular targets for small molecules. We review the rationale, approaches, progress and challenges for developing small molecule inhibitors of the Cdc25 family. A number of potential chemical probes are discussed and their characteristics are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John S Lazo
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dougherty JM, Jiménez M, Hanson PR. Synthesis of cyclic sulfamoyl carbamates and ureas via ring-closing metathesis. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.03.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
8
|
Synthesis and biological evaluation of (±)-cryptotanshinone and its simplified analogues as potent CDC25 inhibitors. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
9
|
McCain DF, Wu L, Nickel P, Kassack MU, Kreimeyer A, Gagliardi A, Collins DC, Zhang ZY. Suramin Derivatives as Inhibitors and Activators of Protein-tyrosine Phosphatases. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:14713-25. [PMID: 14734566 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m312488200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are important signaling enzymes that have emerged within the last decade as a new class of drug targets. It has previously been shown that suramin is a potent, reversible, and competitive inhibitor of PTP1B and Yersinia PTP (YopH). We therefore screened 45 suramin analogs against a panel of seven PTPs, including PTP1B, YopH, CD45, Cdc25A, VHR, PTPalpha, and LAR, to identify compounds with improved potency and specificity. Of the 45 compounds, we found 11 to have inhibitory potency comparable or significantly improved relative to suramin. We also found suramin to be a potent inhibitor (IC(50) = 1.5 microm) of Cdc25A, a phosphatase that mediates cell cycle progression and a potential target for cancer therapy. In addition we also found three other compounds, NF201, NF336, and NF339, to be potent (IC(50) < 5 microm) and specific (at least 20-30-fold specificity with respect to the other human PTPs tested) inhibitors of Cdc25A. Significantly, we found two potent and specific inhibitors, NF250 and NF290, for YopH, the phosphatase that is an essential virulence factor for bubonic plague. Two of the compounds tested, NF504 and NF506, had significantly improved potency as PTP inhibitors for all phosphatases tested except for LAR and PTPalpha. Surprisingly, we found that a significant number of these compounds activated the receptor-like phosphatases, PTPalpha and LAR. In further characterizing this activation phenomenon, we reveal a novel role for the membrane-distal cytoplasmic PTP domain (D2) of PTPalpha: the direct intramolecular regulation of the activity of the membrane-proximal cytoplasmic PTP domain (D1). Binding of certain of these compounds to PTPalpha disrupts D1-D2 basal state contacts and allows new contacts to occur between D1 and D2, which activates D1 by as much as 12-14-fold when these contacts are optimized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F McCain
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Georgiadis TM, Baindur N, Player MR. Solid-Phase Synthesis of an Oxalic Acid Amide Library. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 6:224-9. [PMID: 15002971 DOI: 10.1021/cc030012r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Monoamides of oxalic acid are of interest as bioisosteric replacements for phosphate groups in the design of new enzyme inhibitors. Here, we have demonstrated the use of oxalic acid as a linker to the Wang resin to synthesize individual or libraries of phosphate biosteres. The highly reactive resin-bound acid chloride reacts with arylamines to yield resin-bound N-aryloxamic acids (oxanilic acids). This methodology is especially useful for the rapid synthesis of 2-(oxalylamino)benzoic acids (OBAs), because it can be utilized for library synthesis and eliminates the intermediate purification step necessary in solution-phase reactions. The products are cleaved off the resin with trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane in good yields.
Collapse
|
11
|
Sohn J, Kiburz B, Li Z, Deng L, Safi A, Pirrung MC, Rudolph J. Inhibition of Cdc25 phosphatases by indolyldihydroxyquinones. J Med Chem 2003; 46:2580-8. [PMID: 12801222 DOI: 10.1021/jm0300835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of the Cdc25A and Cdc25B dual-specificity phosphatases correlates with a wide variety of cancers, making the Cdc25s attractive drug targets for anticancer therapies. However, the search for good lead molecules has been hampered by the reactivity of the active site thiolate anion and the flat solvent-exposed active site region. We describe here the indolyldihydroxyquinones, a new class of inhibitors of Cdc25 that bind reversibly to the active site with submicromolar potency. Structure-activity relationships in the 50 derivatives of the lead molecule 2,5-dihydroxy-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)[1,4]benzoquinone show interesting and consistent trends identifying features required for inhibition of all three isoforms of Cdc25. The compounds do not show time-dependent inhibition, indicating that they form neither covalent adducts with nor oxidize the active site thiol. Our best compounds, 2,5-dihydroxy-3-(7-farnesyl-1H-indol-3-yl)[1,4]benzoquinone and 2,5-dihydroxy-3-(4,6-dichloro-7-farnesyl-1H-indol-3-yl)[1,4]benzoquinone, are competitive with substrate for the active site and yield K(i)s of 640 and 470 nM, respectively. Binding of the indolylhydroxyquinones is diminished by three, but not by six other, specific mutations in the active site region. Additionally, the flexible C-terminal tail required for binding of protein substrate is also required for binding derivatives with hydrophobic modifications at the 7-position. The indolyldihydroxyquinones compete effectively with the protein substrate for Cdc25 in vitro and lead to rapid cell death in vivo. Thus, the indolyldihydroxyquinones will serve as useful lead molecules for drug discovery and further cell-based studies on the role of Cdc25s in cell cycle control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jungsan Sohn
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Horton DA, Bourne GT, Smythe ML. The combinatorial synthesis of bicyclic privileged structures or privileged substructures. Chem Rev 2003; 103:893-930. [PMID: 12630855 DOI: 10.1021/cr020033s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2443] [Impact Index Per Article: 116.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas A Horton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072 Queensland, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lyon MA, Ducruet AP, Wipf P, Lazo JS. Dual-specificity phosphatases as targets for antineoplastic agents. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2002; 1:961-76. [PMID: 12461518 DOI: 10.1038/nrd963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dual-specificity protein phosphatases are a subclass of protein tyrosine phosphatases that are uniquely able to hydrolyse the phosphate ester bond on both a tyrosine and a threonine or serine residue on the same protein. Dual-specificity phosphatases have a central role in the complex regulation of signalling pathways that are involved in cell stress responses, proliferation and death. Although this enzyme family is increasingly the target of drug discovery efforts in pharmaceutical companies, a summary of the salient developments in the biology and medicinal chemistry of dual-specificity phosphatases has been lacking. We hope that this comprehensive overview will stimulate further progress in the development of small-molecule inhibitors that could form the basis for a new class of target-directed therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Lyon
- Department of Chemistry, Chevron Science Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wipf P, Hopkins CR, Phillips EO, Lazo JS. Separation of Cdc25 dual specificity phosphatase inhibition and DNA cleaving activities in a focused library of analogs of the antitumor antibiotic Dnacin. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
15
|
Usui T, Kojima S, Kidokoro S, Ueda K, Osada H, Sodeoka M. Design and synthesis of a dimeric derivative of RK-682 with increased inhibitory activity against VHR, a dual-specificity ERK phosphatase: implications for the molecular mechanism of the inhibition. CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY 2001; 8:1209-20. [PMID: 11755399 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-5521(01)00089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND VHR is a dual-specificity phosphatase, which dephosphorylates activated ERK1/2 and weakens the ERK signaling cascade in mammalian cells. A selective inhibitor is expected to be useful for revealing the physiological function of VHR. RESULTS First, we investigated the molecular mechanism of VHR inhibition by a known natural product, RK-682. Kinetic analysis indicated that inhibition was competitive toward the substrate, and two molecules of RK-682 were required to inhibit one molecule of VHR. Based on the structure-activity relationships for VHR inhibition by RK-682 derivatives, we constructed a binding model using molecular dynamics calculation. Based on this model, we designed and synthesized a novel dimeric derivative. As expected, the dimeric derivative showed increased inhibition of VHR, supporting our proposed mechanism of VHR inhibition by RK-682. CONCLUSION We have developed a novel inhibitor of VHR based on the results of kinetic analysis and docking simulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Usui
- Antibiotics Laboratory, RIKEN, Hirosawa, Saitama, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sodeoka M, Sampe R, Kojima S, Baba Y, Usui T, Ueda K, Osada H. Synthesis of a tetronic acid library focused on inhibitors of tyrosine and dual-specificity protein phosphatases and its evaluation regarding VHR and cdc25B inhibition. J Med Chem 2001; 44:3216-22. [PMID: 11563920 DOI: 10.1021/jm0100741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Selective inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) and dual-specificity phosphatases (DSPs) are expected to be useful tools for clarifying the biological functions of the PTPs themselves and also to be candidates for novel therapeutics. We planned a library approach for the identification of PTP/DSP inhibitors in which 3-acyltetronic acid is used as a "core" phosphate mimic. A series of novel tetronic acid derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of the dual-specificity protein phosphatases VHR and cdc25B. Several compounds are found to be potent inhibitors of cdc25B, which is a key enzyme for cell-cycle progression. The promising results described herein strongly indicated that this tetronic acid library is potent as a library focused on the PTP/DSP-selective inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Sodeoka
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Peng H, Xie W, Otterness DM, Cogswell JP, McConnell RT, Carter HL, Powis G, Abraham RT, Zalkow LH. Syntheses and biological activities of a novel group of steroidal derived inhibitors for human Cdc25A protein phosphatase. J Med Chem 2001; 44:834-48. [PMID: 11262093 DOI: 10.1021/jm0004401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Silica gel supported pyrolysis of an azido-homo-oxa steroid led to rearrangement, presumably by a mechanism similar to that of solution phase Schmidt fragmentation, to produce a group of novel inhibitors for the oncogenic cell cycle regulator Cdc25A phosphatase. Cyano-containing acid 17, one of the best inhibitors in this group, inhibited the activity of Cdc25A protein phosphatase reversibly and noncompetitively with an IC(50) value of 2.2 microM. Structure-activity relationships revealed that a phosphate surrogate such as a carboxyl or a xanthate group is required for inhibitory activity, and a hydrophobic alkyl chain, such as the cholesteryl side chain, contributes greatly to the potency. Without the cyano group, acid 26 and xanthate 27 were found to be more selective over Cdc25A (IC(50) = 5.1 microM and 1.1 microM, respectively) than toward CD45 (IC(50) > 100 microM, in each case), a receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase. Several of these inhibitors showed antiproliferative activities in the NCI 60-human tumor cell line screen. These steroidal derived Cdc25 inhibitors provide unique leads for the development of dual-specificity protein phosphatase inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Peng
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pestell KE, Ducruet AP, Wipf P, Lazo JS. Small molecule inhibitors of dual specificity protein phosphatases. Oncogene 2000; 19:6607-12. [PMID: 11426646 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
One hallmark of neoplasia is the deregulation of cell cycle control mechanisms, which is secondary to altered protein phosphorylation. Dual specificity protein phosphatases uniquely dephosphorylate both phosphoserines/threonines and phosphotyrosines on the same protein substrate. As a class they regulate intracellular signaling through the mitogen activated and stress activated kinases and govern cellular movement through G1/S and G2/M cell cycle checkpoints by affecting the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases. In particular, the Cdc25 phosphatases, which dephosphorylate cyclin-dependent kinases, are overexpressed in many human tumors and this increased expression is associated with a poor prognosis. In addition to expression levels, the intracellular activity of Cdc25 phosphatases is determined by their subcellular distribution and physical proximity to substrates. Small molecules that either inhibit the catalytic activity or alter the subcellular distribution of these dual specificity protein phosphatases could provide effective tools to interrogate the role of phosphorylation pathways and may afford new approaches to the management of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K E Pestell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dolle RE. Comprehensive survey of combinatorial library synthesis: 1999. JOURNAL OF COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY 2000; 2:383-433. [PMID: 11029163 DOI: 10.1021/cc000055x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R E Dolle
- Department of Chemistry, Pharmacopeia, Inc., P.O. Box 5350, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5350, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ducruet AP, Rice RL, Tamura K, Yokokawa F, Yokokawa S, Wipf P, Lazo JS. Identification of new Cdc25 dual specificity phosphatase inhibitors in a targeted small molecule array. Bioorg Med Chem 2000; 8:1451-66. [PMID: 10896122 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dual specificity protein phosphatases (DSPases) are key regulators of signal transduction, oncogenesis and the cell cycle. Few potent or specific inhibitors of DSPases, however, are readily available for these pharmacological targets. We have used a combinatorial/parallel synthetic approach to rigidify the variable core region and modify the side chains of 4-(benzyl-(2-[2,5-diphenyl-oxazole-4-carbonyl)-amino]-ethyl)-carbamoyl)- 2-decanoylamino butyric acid (or SC-alphaalphadelta9), which is the most active element in a previously described library of phosphatase inhibitors (Rice, R. L.; Rusnak, J. M.; Yokokawa, F.; Yokokawa, S.; Messner, D. J.; Boynton, A. L.; Wipf, P.; Lazo, J. S. Biochemistry 1997, 36, 15965). Several analogues were identified as effective inhibitors of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) PTP1B and the DSPases VHR and Cdc25B2. Two compounds, FY3-alphaalpha09 and FY21-alphaalpha09, were partial competitive inhibitors of Cdc25B2 with Ki values of 7.6+/-0.5 and 1.6+/-0.2 microM, respectively. FY21-alphaalpha09 possessed only moderate activity against PTP1B. Consistent with its in vitro anti-phosphatase activity, FY21-alphaalpha09 inhibited growth in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines. FY21-alphaalpha09 also inhibited the G2/M transition in tsFT210 cells, consistent with Cdc25B inhibition. Several architectural requirements for DSPase inhibition were revealed through modification of the side chain moieties or variable core region of the pharmacophore, which resulted in decreased compound potency. The structure of FY21-alphaalpha09 provides a useful platform from which additional potent and more highly selective phosphatase inhibitors might be generated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A P Ducruet
- Department of Pharmacology, the Combinatorial Chemistry Center and the Molecular Therapeutic/Drug Discovery Program of the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittshurgh, PA 15261, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|