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Saraswati SSK, Rana AK, Singh A, Anang V, Singh A, Natarajan K. HSP-27 and HSP-70 negatively regulate protective defence responses from macrophages during mycobacterial infection. Microbes Infect 2023; 25:105126. [PMID: 36931492 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis attenuates many defence responses from alveolar macrophages to create a niche at sites of infection in the human lung. Levels of Heat Shock Proteins have been reported to increase many folds in the serum of active TB patients than in latently infected individuals. Here we investigated the regulation of key defence responses by HSPs during mycobacterial infection. We show that infection of macrophages with M. bovis BCG induces higher expression of HSP-27 and HSP-70. Inhibiting HSP-27 and HSP-70 prior to mycobacterial infection leads to a significant decrease in mycobacterial growth inside macrophages. Further, inhibiting HSPs resulted in a significant increase in intracellular oxidative burst levels. This was accompanied by an increase in the levels of T cell activation molecules CD40 and IL-12 receptor and a concomitant decrease in the levels of T cell inhibitory molecules PD-L1 and IL-10 receptor. Furthermore, inhibiting HSPs significantly increased the expression of key proteins in the autophagy pathway along with increased activation of pro-inflammatory promoting transcription factors NF-κB and p-CREB. Interestingly, we also show that both HSP-27 and HSP-70 are associated with anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Beclin-1. These results point towards a suppressive role for host HSP-27 and HSP-70 during mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankush Kumar Rana
- Infectious Disease Immunology Laboratory, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Aayushi Singh
- Infectious Disease Immunology Laboratory, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Vandana Anang
- Infectious Disease Immunology Laboratory, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Aarti Singh
- Infectious Disease Immunology Laboratory, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Krishnamurthy Natarajan
- Infectious Disease Immunology Laboratory, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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Hakiem OR, Batra JK. Role of HrcA in stress management in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:3315-3326. [PMID: 34953162 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The current study aims to understand the role of HrcA in stress response of M. tuberculosis. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, using an hrcA knock out mutant of M. tuberculosis it is demonstrated that the heat shock repressor, HrcA is important for countering environmental stresses pathogen faces within the host during the infection process. Also, with scanning electron microscopy it has been shown that HrcA plays a role in maintaining the morphology and cell size of the pathogen as disruption of the hrcA gene resulted in significantly elongated bacilli. Further, heat shock proteins like ClpC1, ClpB, DnaK, GroEL2, GroEL1, DnaJ2 and GroES were detected in the secretome of M. tuberculosis by mass spectrometric analysis. The study also demonstrates a strong humoral response against M. tuberculosis heat shock proteins in H37 Rv infected mice sera. CONCLUSION The study establishes that though hrcA is not an essential gene for M. tuberculosis, it regulates the expression of heat shock proteins during infection, and disruption of hrcA gives a survival advantage to the pathogen during stress conditions. SIGNIFICANCE and Impact of the Study: HrcA plays an important role in maintaining a fine balance of heat shock proteins during infection to give adequate survival advantage and also evade immune detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owais R Hakiem
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.,Current address: Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, 92697, USA
| | - Janendra K Batra
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New, Delhi, 110062, India
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Guo J, Wang C, Han Y, Liu Z, Wu T, Liu Y, Liu Y, Tan Y, Cai X, Cao Y, Wang B, Zhang B, Liu C, Tan S, Zhang T. Identification of Lysine Acetylation in Mycobacterium abscessus Using LC-MS/MS after Immunoprecipitation. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:2567-78. [PMID: 27323652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus (MAB), which manifests in the pulmonary system, is one of the neglected causes of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection. Treatment against MAB is difficult, characterized by its intrinsic antibiotic drug resistance. Lysine acetylation can alter the physiochemical property of proteins in living organisms. This study aimed to determine if this protein post-translational modification (PTM) exists in a clinical isolate M. abscessus GZ002. We used the antiacetyl-lysine immunoprecipitation to enrich the low-abundant PTM proteins, followed by the LC-MS/MS analysis. The lysine acetylome of M. abscessus GZ002 was determined. There were 459 lysine acetylation sites found in 289 acetylated proteins. Lysine acetylation occurred in 5.87% of the M. abscessus GZ002 proteome, and at least 25% of them were growth essential. Aerobic respiration and carbohydrate metabolic pathways of M. abscessus GZ002 were enriched with lysine acetylation. Through bioinformatics analysis, we identified four major acetyl motif logos (K(ac)Y, K(ac)F, K(ac)H, and DK(ac)). Further comparison of the reported M. tuberculosis (MTB) acetylomes and that of MAB GZ002 revealed several common features between these two species. The lysine residues of several antibiotic-resistance, virulence, and persistence-related proteins were acetylated in both MAB GZ002 and MTB. There were 51 identical acetylation sites in 37 proteins found in common between MAB GZ002 and MTB. Overall, we demonstrate a profile of lysine acetylation in MAB GZ002 proteome that shares similarities with MTB. Interventions that target at these conserved sections may be valuable as anti-NTM or anti-TB therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Guangzhou, China
| | - Changwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Guangzhou, China.,School of Life Sciences, University of Anhui , Hefei, China
| | - Yaoju Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Guangzhou Chest Hospital , Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinshan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Guangzhou Chest Hospital , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Guangzhou, China.,School of Life Sciences, University of Anhui , Hefei, China
| | - Bangxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Guangzhou, China.,School of Life Sciences, University of Anhui , Hefei, China
| | - Buchang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Anhui , Hefei, China
| | - Chunping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Guangzhou Chest Hospital , Guangzhou, China
| | - Shouyong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Guangzhou Chest Hospital , Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Guangzhou, China
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Rebollo Couto MS, Klein CS, Voss-Rech D, Terenzi H. Extracellular Proteins of Mycoplasma synoviae. ISRN VETERINARY SCIENCE 2012; 2012:802308. [PMID: 23762591 PMCID: PMC3671734 DOI: 10.5402/2012/802308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma synoviae is a Gram positive bacteria lacking of cell wall that affects chickens and turkeys causing infection in the upper respiratory tract and in some cases arthritis, with economical impact to broiler breeders. Treatment and prevention of avian synovitis depend on knowledge of the infectious process. Secreted or surface-exposed proteins play a critical role in disease because they often mediate interactions between host and pathogen. In the present work, we sought to identify possible M. synoviae secreted proteins by cultivating the bacteria in a modified protein-free Frey medium. Using this approach, we were able to detect in the cell-free fraction a number of proteins that have been shown in other organisms to be secreted, suggesting that they may also be secreted by M. synoviae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Sebastián Rebollo Couto
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Estrutural, Departamento de Bioquímica, CCB, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Xolalpa W, Vallecillo AJ, Lara M, Mendoza-Hernandez G, Comini M, Spallek R, Singh M, Espitia C. Identification of novel bacterial plasminogen-binding proteins in the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Proteomics 2007; 7:3332-41. [PMID: 17849409 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200600876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Binding and activation of human plasminogen (Plg) to generate the proteolytic enzyme plasmin (Plm) have been associated with the invasive potential of certain bacteria. In this work, proteomic analysis together with ligand blotting assays identified several major Plg-binding spots in Mycobacterium tuberculosis soluble extracts (SEs) and culture filtrate proteins. The identity of 15 different proteins was deduced by N-terminal and/or MS and corresponded to DnaK, GroES, GlnA1, Ag85 complex, Mpt51, Mpt64, PrcB, MetK, SahH, Lpd, Icl, Fba, and EF-Tu. Binding of Plg to recombinant M. tuberculosis DnaK, GlnA1, and Ag85B was further confirmed by ELISA and ligand blotting assays. The binding was inhibited by epsilon-aminocaproic acid, indicating that the interaction involved lysine residues. Plg bound to recombinant mycobacterial proteins was activated to Plm by tissue-type Plg activator. In contrast with recombinant proteins, M. tuberculosis SE enhanced several times the Plg activation mediated by the activator. Interestingly, GlnA1 was able to bind the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein fibronectin. Together these results show that M. tuberculosis posses several Plg receptors suggesting that bound Plg to bacteria surface, can be activated to Plm, endowing bacteria with the ability to break down ECM and basal membranes proteins contributing to tissue injury in tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Xolalpa
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., México
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Lasco TM, Yamamoto T, Yoshimura T, Allen SS, Cassone L, McMurray DN. Effect of Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination on Mycobacterium-specific cellular proliferation and tumor necrosis factor alpha production from distinct guinea pig leukocyte populations. Infect Immun 2004; 71:7035-42. [PMID: 14638793 PMCID: PMC308898 DOI: 10.1128/iai.71.12.7035-7042.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we focused on three leukocyte-rich guinea pig cell populations, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells, resident peritoneal cells (PC), and splenocytes (SPC). BAL cells, SPC, and PC were stimulated either with live attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra or with live or heat-killed virulent M. tuberculosis H37Rv (multiplicity of infection of 1:100). Each cell population was determined to proliferate in response to heat-killed virulent H37Rv, whereas no measurable proliferative response could be detected upon stimulation with live mycobacteria. Additionally, this proliferative capacity (in SPC and PC populations) was significantly enhanced upon prior vaccination with Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Accordingly, in a parallel set of experiments we found a strong positive correlation between production of antigen-specific bioactive tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and prior vaccination with BCG. A nonspecific stimulus, lipopolysaccharide, failed to induce this effect on BAL cells, SPC, and PC. These results showed that production of bioactive TNF-alpha from mycobacterium-stimulated guinea pig cell cultures positively correlates with the vaccination status of the host and with the virulence of the mycobacterial strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd M Lasco
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Texas A&M University System-Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
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