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Schulte J, Weidig M, Balzer P, Richter P, Franz M, Junker K, Gajda M, Friedrich K, Wunderlich H, Östman A, Petersen I, Berndt A. Expression of the E-cadherin repressors Snail, Slug and Zeb1 in urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder: relation to stromal fibroblast activation and invasive behaviour of carcinoma cells. Histochem Cell Biol 2012; 138:847-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-012-0998-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Differential vascular expression and regulation of oncofetal tenascin-C and fibronectin variants in renal cell carcinoma (RCC): implications for an individualized angiogenesis-related targeted drug delivery. Histochem Cell Biol 2011; 137:195-204. [PMID: 22075565 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-011-0886-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The study was aimed at determining the vascular expression of oncofetal fibronectin (oncfFn) and tenascin-C (oncfTn-C) isoforms in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and its metastases which are well-known targets for antibody-based pharmacodelivery. Furthermore, the influence of tumour cells on endothelial mRNA expression of these molecules was investigated. Evaluation of vascular ED-A(+) and ED-B(+) Fn as well as A1(+) and C(+) Tn-C was performed after immunofluorescence double and triple staining using human recombinant antibodies on clear cell, papillary and chromophobe primary RCC and metastases. The influence of hypoxic RCC-conditioned medium on oncfFn and oncfTn-C mRNA expression was examined in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) by real time RT-PCR. There are RCC subtype specific expression profiles of vascular oncfFn and oncfTn-C and corresponding patterns when comparing primary tumours and metastases. Within one tumour, there are different vessel populations with regard to the incorporation of oncfTn-C and oncfFn into the vessel wall. In vitro tumour-derived soluble mediators induce an up regulation of oncfTn-C and oncfFn mRNA in HUVEC which can be blocked by Avastin(®). Vascular expression of oncFn and oncTn-C variants depends on RCC subtype and may reflect an individual tumour stroma interaction or different stages of vessel development. Therefore, oncFn or oncTn-C variants can be suggested as molecular targets for individualized antibody based therapy strategies in RCC. Tumour-derived VEGF could be shown to regulate target expression.
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Kamarajan P, Garcia-Pardo A, D'Silva NJ, Kapila YL. The CS1 segment of fibronectin is involved in human OSCC pathogenesis by mediating OSCC cell spreading, migration, and invasion. BMC Cancer 2010; 10:330. [PMID: 20579373 PMCID: PMC3146068 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2009] [Accepted: 06/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The alternatively spliced V region or type III connecting segment III (IIICS) of fibronectin is important in early development, wound healing, and tumorigenesis, however, its role in oral cancer has not been fully investigated. Thus, we investigated the role of CS-1, a key site within the CSIII region of fibronectin, in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods To determine the expression of CS-1 in human normal and oral SCC tissue specimens immunohistochemical analyses were performed. The expression of CS1 was then associated with clinicopathological factors. To investigate the role of CS-1 in regulating OSCC cell spreading, migration and invasion, OSCC cells were assayed for spreading and migration in the presence of a CS-1 peptide or a CS-1 blocking peptide, and for invasion using Matrigel supplemented with these peptides. In addition, integrin α4siRNA or a focal adhesion kinase (FAK) anti-sense oligonucleotide was transfected into OSCC cells to examine the mechanistic role of integrin α4 or FAK in CS1-mediated cell spreading and migration, respectively. Results CS-1 expression levels were significantly higher in OSCC tissues compared to normal tissues (p < 0.05). Also, although, high levels of CS-1 expression were present in all OSCC tissue samples, low-grade tumors stained more intensely than high grade tumors. OSCC cell lines also expressed higher levels of CS-1 protein compared to normal human primary oral keratinocytes. There was no significant difference in total fibronectin expression between normal and OSCC tissues and cells. Inclusion of CS-1 in the in vitro assays enhanced OSCC cell spreading, migration and invasion, whereas the CS1 blocking peptide inhibited these processes. Suppression of integrin α4 significantly inhibited the CS1-mediated cell spreading. Furthermore, this migration was mediated by focal adhesion kinase (FAK), since FAK suppression significantly blocked the CS1-induced cell migration. Conclusion These data indicate that the CS-1 site of fibronectin is involved in oral cancer pathogenesis and in regulating OSCC cell spreading, migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, USA
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da Silva MJA, de Sousa SOM, Corrêa L, Carvalhosa AA, De Araújo VC. Immunohistochemical study of the orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst: a comparison with the odontogenic keratocyst. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, ORAL PATHOLOGY, ORAL RADIOLOGY, AND ENDODONTICS 2002; 94:732-7. [PMID: 12464899 DOI: 10.1067/moe.2002.125199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC) is a developmental cyst that occurs in the maxilla and the mandible and is defined by the World Health Organization as the uncommon orthokeratinized type of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC). However, studies have shown that OOC has peculiar clinicopathologic aspects and biologic behavior when compared with other developmental odontogenic cysts, especially OKCs. Therefore, in this study, the immunohistochemical profile of the OOC was delineated and compared with that of the OKC. STUDY DESIGN Twelve cases of OOC were submitted to a panel of antibodies composed of cytokeratins (10, 13, and 14) and extracellular matrix proteins: fibronectin, types I and III collagen, and tenascin. For comparative means, 12 cases of OKC also were submitted to the same panel of antibodies. RESULTS The results obtained showed that OOCs expressed cytokeratin 10 and showed variable expression of cytokeratins 13 and 14. Fibronectin and collagen types I and III also were expressed in OOC in a fibrillar aspect. OKC showed only the superficial keratin layer positive to cytokeratin 10 and the basal and suprabasal layers with variable expression of cytokeratin 14, and cytokeratin 13 was present in the upper epithelial layers. The extracellular matrix proteins showed a nonfibrillar expression. Tenascin was immunoexpressed only in OKC. CONCLUSION The immunohistochemical profile of the studied cysts clearly showed that OOC presents a well-formed cystic enveloping, whereas the OKC profile is compatible with a more aggressive biologic behavior.
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Ziober BL, Silverman SS, Kramer RH. Adhesive mechanisms regulating invasion and metastasis in oral cancer. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ORAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORAL BIOLOGISTS 2002; 12:499-510. [PMID: 11806519 DOI: 10.1177/10454411010120060401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
It is the relentless invasion and growth into surrounding tissue that characterize oral squamous cell carcinoma. Metastasis is perhaps the most challenging and important aspect of cancer progression, in that it generally signifies limited survival and ineffective therapy. Inherent in metastasis is invasion, the process by which cells infiltrate into adjacent tissues, degrading basement membranes and extracellular matrix and disrupting tissue architecture and sometimes organ function. The factors that regulate these processes are complex and likely involve loss of the controls that are normally in place in physiologic tissue modeling. Adhesion receptors and their ligands are important in modulating not only invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells but also their survival and proliferation. Normal oral mucosal epithelial cells use integrins to maintain their anchorage to the basement membrane, whereas the formation of stratifying cell layers depends on the formation of intercellular adhesions mediated by cadherins. The process of squamous cell carcinoma invasion and dissemination requires active cell migration through the extracellular matrix with the simultaneous remodeling of intercellular adhesions. Integrins are clearly important in the invasive process, whereas intercellular adhesion receptors restrain invasion and promote a more differentiated phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Ziober
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
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Takeuchi E, Tanaka T, Umemoto E, Tomita T, Shi K, Takahi K, Suzuki R, Ochi T, Miyasaka M. VLA-4-dependent and -independent pathways in cell contact-induced proinflammatory cytokine production by synovial nurse-like cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients. ARTHRITIS RESEARCH 2002; 4:R10. [PMID: 12453313 PMCID: PMC153839 DOI: 10.1186/ar593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2002] [Revised: 07/04/2002] [Accepted: 07/15/2002] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nurse-like stromal cell lines from the synovial tissue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA-SNC) produce, on coculture with lymphocytes, large amounts of proinflammatory cytokines. In the present paper, we analyze the molecular events necessary for the induction of cytokine release from RA-SNC cells, and particularly the roles played by cell adhesion and the transmigration (also known as pseudoemperipolesis) of lymphocytes. For this purpose, the effects of various mAbs on the binding and transmigration of a human B-cell line, MC/car, were examined using a cloned RA-SNC line, RA-SNC77. To analyze the role of lymphocyte binding and transmigration on upregulated cytokine production by the RA-SNC77 cells, we used C3 exoenzyme-treated MC/car cells, which could bind to RA-SNC77 cells but could not transmigrate. Treatment with anti-CD29 or anti-CD49d mAb significantly reduced binding and transmigration of the MC/car cells. In contrast, the neutralizing anti-CD106/vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 mAb did not show any inhibitory effect. Likewise, none of the neutralizing mAbs against CD11a, CD18, CD44, CD49e, or CD54 showed significant effects. Binding of C3-treated or untreated MC/car cells to RA-SNC77 cells induced comparable levels of IL-6 and IL-8 production. In addition, the enhanced cytokine production by RA-SNC77 cells required direct lymphocyte contact via a very late antigen-4 (VLA-4)-independent adhesion pathway. These results indicate that, although both the VLA-4-dependent/vascular cell adhesion molecule 1-independent and the VLA4-independent adhesion pathways are involved in MC/car binding and subsequent transmigration, only the VLA4-independent adhesion pathway is necessary and sufficient for the enhanced proinflammatory cytokine production by RA-SNC77 cells. The transmigration process, which is dependent on Rho-GTPase, is not a prerequisite for this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Recognition, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka Rousai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Recognition, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiji Umemoto
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Recognition, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tomita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenrin Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichiro Takahi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuji Suzuki
- Research Unit of Immunology, Shionogi Institute for Medical Science, Shionogi & Co. Ltd, Osaka, Japan
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miyasaka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Recognition, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Alevizos I, Mahadevappa M, Zhang X, Ohyama H, Kohno Y, Posner M, Gallagher GT, Varvares M, Cohen D, Kim D, Kent R, Donoff RB, Todd R, Yung CM, Warrington JA, Wong DT. Oral cancer in vivo gene expression profiling assisted by laser capture microdissection and microarray analysis. Oncogene 2001; 20:6196-204. [PMID: 11593428 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2001] [Revised: 05/23/2001] [Accepted: 05/31/2001] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Large scale gene expression profiling was carried out on laser capture microdissected (LCM) tumor and normal oral epithelial cells and analysed on high-density oligonucleotide microarrays. About 600 genes were found to be oral cancer associated. These oral cancer associated genes include oncogenes, tumor suppressors, transcription factors, xenobiotic enzymes, metastatic proteins, differentiation markers, and genes that have not been implicated in oral cancer. The database created provides a verifiable global profile of gene expression during oral carcinogenesis, revealing the potential role of known genes as well as genes that have not been previously implicated in oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Alevizos
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Bokemeyer C, Gillis AJ, Pompe K, Mayer F, Metzner B, Schleucher N, Schleicher J, Pflugrad-Jauch G, Oosterhuis JW, Kanz L, Looijenga LH. Clinical impact of germ cell tumor cells in apheresis products of patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19:3029-36. [PMID: 11408498 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2001.19.12.3029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE High-dose chemotherapy (HD-Ctx) followed by autologous peripheral-blood stem-cell (PBSC) transplantation is currently investigated in patients with poor prognosis or relapsed metastatic germ cell tumor (GCTs). This study analyzed the presence and the clinical importance of contaminating tumor cells in PBSC preparations used to support HD-Ctx in GCT patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seven targets for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based detection of GCT cells were able to detect seminomatous and different histologic variants of nonseminomatous tumor cells. PBSC preparations from 57 patients were investigated for the presence of contaminating tumor cells using this set of targets, including beta human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG), fibronectin (EDB variant), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), CD44 (v8 to 10 variant), germ cell and placental alkaline phosphatase (AP), human endogenous retrovirus type K (ENV and GAG), and XIST. Samples of PBSC preparations from four healthy donors for allogenic transplantations as well as blood specimens from 10 healthy volunteers served as negative controls. RESULTS Fifty patients (43 first-line and seven second-line Ctx) were assessable. Combining all RT-PCR results, 29 PBSC preparations (58%) were positive for tumor-specific amplification products (HERV-K 0, fibronectin 4, XIST 14, beta-hCG 19, AP 19, CD44 24, EGFR 26). Ten (35%) of 29 patients who underwent transplantation with positive PBSC preparations and seven (33%) of 21 patients with negative PBSC preparations have suffered relapse or progression (not significant [ns]). With a median follow-up of 22 months (2 to 66) post-HD-Ctx projected 3-year survival rates are 68% (RT-PCR+) and 58% (RT-PCR-) (ns). None of the 10 control peripheral-blood samples showed positivity for any of the targets studied. CONCLUSION GCT cells can be detected in more than 50% of PBSC preparations using a RT-PCR approach with multiple targets. Despite the presence of tumor cells, retransplantation of the PBSC products did not effect long-term outcome. Factors such as responsiveness to chemotherapy and tumor mass seem to overcome the importance of potentially re-infused tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bokemeyer
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen.
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