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Güleç RD, Arslan FD, Özyılmaz B, Yılmaz N, Hancı SY, Köse Ş. Assessment of mimicking by EBV-CMV immunoglobulin M of anti-HLA antibodies. J Immunol Methods 2023; 523:113577. [PMID: 37865308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to show the cross-reactivity that may occur between immunoglobulin (Ig) M antibodies that form against Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and/or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human leukocyte antigens (HLA). METHODS Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) cross-reactivity between serum samples of 57 patients with IgM positive CMV and/or EBV infections and T and B cells from 15 healthy donors were evaluated. Dithiothreitol was used to distinguish cross-reactivity caused by IgM antibodies from IgG. RESULTS The cross-reactivity ratio between pathogenic IgM antibodies with T cell of the 12th donor, and B cell of the 3rd, 4th, and 8th donors was significantly higher (p = 0.011, <0.001, <0.001 and 0.013, respectively). The ratio of B cell CDC cross-reactivity of all donors (26.4%) was higher than the ratio of T cell CDC cross-reactivity (5.2%) (p < 0.001). The ratio of T cell CDC cross-reactivity of sera containing both anti-CMV IgM and anti-EBV IgM antibodies was significantly higher than those of sera containing only anti-CMV IgM or only anti-EBV IgM antibodies (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively). There was no difference between B cell CDC cross-reactivity rates according to the presence of anti-CMV and/or anti-EBV IgM antibodies. CONCLUSION Cross-reactivity may occur between anti-CMV and anti-EBV IgM antibodies with HLA molecules. Thus, in graft recipients, pathogenic IgMs can also act as de novo anti-HLA antibodies and aggravate the rejection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasime Derya Güleç
- University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Tissue Typing Laboratory, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Demet Arslan
- Faculty of Medicine, Bakırçay University, Department of Medical Biochemistry, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Berk Özyılmaz
- University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Genetics, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nisel Yılmaz
- University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Microbiology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Yılmaz Hancı
- University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Microbiology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Şükran Köse
- University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, İzmir, Turkey
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Jin X, Kaes J, Van Slambrouck J, Inci I, Arni S, Geudens V, Heigl T, Jansen Y, Carlon MS, Vos R, Van Raemdonck D, Zhang Y, Vanaudenaerde BM, Ceulemans LJ. A Comprehensive Review on the Surgical Aspect of Lung Transplant Models in Mice and Rats. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030480. [PMID: 35159289 PMCID: PMC8833959 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung transplantation improves the outcome and quality of life of patients with end-stage pulmonary disease. However, the procedure is still hampered by the lack of suitable donors, the complexity of the surgery, and the risk of developing chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Over the past decades, translational experiments in animal models have led to a better understanding of physiology and immunopathology following the lung transplant procedure. Small animal models (e.g., rats and mice) are mostly used in experiments regarding immunology and pathobiology and are preferred over large animal models due to the ethical aspects, the cost-benefit balance, and the high throughput possibility. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the reported surgical techniques for lung transplantation in rodent models and the management of perioperative complications. Furthermore, we propose a guide to help identify the appropriate species for a given experiment and discuss recent experimental findings in small animal lung transplant models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (X.J.); (J.K.); (J.V.S.); (V.G.); (T.H.); (Y.J.); (M.S.C.); (R.V.); (D.V.R.); (B.M.V.)
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Janne Kaes
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (X.J.); (J.K.); (J.V.S.); (V.G.); (T.H.); (Y.J.); (M.S.C.); (R.V.); (D.V.R.); (B.M.V.)
| | - Jan Van Slambrouck
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (X.J.); (J.K.); (J.V.S.); (V.G.); (T.H.); (Y.J.); (M.S.C.); (R.V.); (D.V.R.); (B.M.V.)
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilhan Inci
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (I.I.); (S.A.)
| | - Stephan Arni
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (I.I.); (S.A.)
| | - Vincent Geudens
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (X.J.); (J.K.); (J.V.S.); (V.G.); (T.H.); (Y.J.); (M.S.C.); (R.V.); (D.V.R.); (B.M.V.)
| | - Tobias Heigl
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (X.J.); (J.K.); (J.V.S.); (V.G.); (T.H.); (Y.J.); (M.S.C.); (R.V.); (D.V.R.); (B.M.V.)
| | - Yanina Jansen
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (X.J.); (J.K.); (J.V.S.); (V.G.); (T.H.); (Y.J.); (M.S.C.); (R.V.); (D.V.R.); (B.M.V.)
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marianne S. Carlon
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (X.J.); (J.K.); (J.V.S.); (V.G.); (T.H.); (Y.J.); (M.S.C.); (R.V.); (D.V.R.); (B.M.V.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robin Vos
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (X.J.); (J.K.); (J.V.S.); (V.G.); (T.H.); (Y.J.); (M.S.C.); (R.V.); (D.V.R.); (B.M.V.)
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Van Raemdonck
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (X.J.); (J.K.); (J.V.S.); (V.G.); (T.H.); (Y.J.); (M.S.C.); (R.V.); (D.V.R.); (B.M.V.)
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (L.J.C.); Tel.: +32-16-34-68-20 (L.J.C.)
| | - Bart M. Vanaudenaerde
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (X.J.); (J.K.); (J.V.S.); (V.G.); (T.H.); (Y.J.); (M.S.C.); (R.V.); (D.V.R.); (B.M.V.)
| | - Laurens J. Ceulemans
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (X.J.); (J.K.); (J.V.S.); (V.G.); (T.H.); (Y.J.); (M.S.C.); (R.V.); (D.V.R.); (B.M.V.)
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (L.J.C.); Tel.: +32-16-34-68-20 (L.J.C.)
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Miyahara K, Miyoshi K, Kurosaki T, Otani S, Sugimoto S, Yamane M, Toyooka S. Circulating anti-human leukocyte antigen IgM antibodies as a potential early predictor of allograft rejection and a negative clinical outcome after lung transplantation. Surg Today 2021; 52:52-60. [PMID: 33961136 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-021-02293-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) immunoglobulin (Ig) M production stimulated by an alloantigen is sensitive, making IgM a novel potential marker of allorejection after organ transplantation. This study examined the relationship between the serum levels of anti-HLA IgM early after clinical lung transplantation (LTx) and the post-transplant outcomes. METHODS Thirty-one consecutive patients who underwent deceased LTx were included. Immunoreactivity against HLA was retrospectively analyzed by measuring the anti-HLA IgM levels in the serum sampled for the first 14 days after LTx. The flow panel reactive antibody technique was used. The ratio of the anti-class I IgM level at each day to baseline was obtained, and the peak IgM level was determined for each case. The correlation between the peak IgM level and subsequent development of acute rejection (AR), chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), and survival outcomes were examined. RESULTS The peak IgM level was a significant risk factor for AR within 90 days in univariate and multivariate analyses. In the long term, the patients with positive IgM (peak level > 1.8) tended to have a poorer CLAD-free and overall survival than those with negative IgM. CONCLUSION Elevation of anti-HLA IgM levels early after LTx may be correlated with a higher incidence of rejection and negative clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Miyahara
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kentaroh Miyoshi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Kurosaki
- Organ Transplant Center, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shinji Otani
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Sugimoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.,Organ Transplant Center, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masaomi Yamane
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shinichi Toyooka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.,Organ Transplant Center, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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Diana P, Zampieri D, Furlani E, Pivetta E, Calabrese F, Pezzuto F, Marulli G, Rea F, Ori C, Persona P. Lung ultrasound as a monitoring tool in lung transplantation in rodents: a feasibility study. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:4274-4282. [PMID: 30174873 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.06.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Orthotopic lung transplantation in rats has been developed as a model to study organ dysfunction, but available tools for monitoring the graft function are limited. In this study, lung ultrasound (LUS) is proposed as a new non-invasive monitoring tool in awake rodents. Methods LUS was applied to native and graft lung of six rats after left orthotopic transplantation. Rats were monitored with LUS while awake, patterns identified, images evaluated with a scoring system, intra- and inter-rater agreement was assessed and examination times analyzed. Results A total of 78 clips were recorded. The median quality score of LUS was 3.66/4 for left hemithorax and 3.71/4 for native right side. The intra-rater agreement was 0.53 and 0.65 and the inter-rater agreement was 0.61 (P<0.01). Median time to complete the examination was 233.0 seconds (IQR 142) for both lungs, lowered from 254.0 seconds (IQR 129.5) (first trimester of study) to 205.5 seconds (IQR 88.5) (second trimester of the study). Significant findings on LUS were confirmed on pathological examination. Conclusions LUS in awake rodents without shaving has been shown to be both feasible and safe and the images collected were of good quality and comparable to those obtained in anesthetized rats without bristles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Diana
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Zampieri
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Furlani
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Emanuele Pivetta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Fiorella Calabrese
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Pezzuto
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marulli
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Rea
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Ori
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Persona
- Department of Emergency, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Padova, Italy
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Miyoshi K, Sano Y, Yamane M, Toyooka S, Oto T, Miyoshi S. Elevation of Antidonor Immunoglobulin M Levels Precedes Acute Lung Transplant Rejection. Ann Thorac Surg 2011; 92:1233-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.04.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Okumoto T, Yamane M, Sano Y, Aoe M, Date H, Shimizu N. Presensitization accelerates chronic allograft rejection in a heterotopic rat tracheal allograft model with immunosuppression. Transpl Immunol 2007; 17:249-54. [PMID: 17493527 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2007.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2006] [Accepted: 01/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the field of organ transplantation, the effect of pretransplant humoral allosensitization on the organ transplant outcome has been highlighted. To clarify the correlation of presensitization with chronic rejection that can lead to a poor prognosis in transplant recipients, we examined humoral alloreactivity and allograft rejection in sensitized recipients by using a rat heterotopic tracheal transplant model. METHODS An MHC fully incompatible combination strain was used in this study. Lewis (LEW) rats sensitized by transplantation with Brown Norway (BN) skin grafts received tracheal segments from BN rats in the dorsal subcutaneous pouch. Four allogenic groups (n=5) were investigated. Group 1, non-sensitized recipients without cyclosporine A (CsA) administration; group 2, non-sensitized recipients with CsA administration; group 3, sensitized recipients without CsA administration; and group 4, sensitized recipients with CsA administration. In the immunosuppressant groups (groups 2 and 4), the recipients were administered a subcutaneous injection of CsA (25 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) for 3 days from the day of operation. All recipients were sacrificed 21 days after transplantation. Tracheal segments were extracted from the recipients and histologically evaluated with regard to the following parameters: (1) airway lining epithelial loss, (2) lymphocyte/plasma cell infiltration, and (3) luminal obliteration due to granulation tissue formation and/or fibrosis. In order to analyze alloantibody (allo-Ab) responses, sera samples were tested by the flow cytometric cross-match (FCXM) technique. RESULTS Histological findings revealed that the chronic rejection score in sensitized recipients treated with CsA was significantly higher than that in non-sensitized recipients treated with CsA (9.0+/-1.2 vs. 3.0+/-0.54, p<0.05). In other words, CsA therapy reduced the rejection score in non-sensitized recipients, but not in sensitized recipients. No significant differences were observed in the level of IgM Abs among the groups. However, donor-specific IgG Abs were induced after presensitization by donor skin grafting prior to tracheal transplantation. Heterotopic tracheal implantation also induced IgG Ab production. This elevation in the Ab levels was inhibited by CsA treatment in non-sensitized recipients. Conversely, the Ab levels were significantly higher in sensitized recipients than in non-sensitized recipients, regardless of CsA administration. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that presensitization accelerates chronic allograft rejection with a marked elevation in the level of donor specific IgG Abs. These results suggest that presensitization will be a significant risk factor for the lung transplant recipient, furthermore, the effect of immunosuppression might be insufficient in sensitized recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Okumoto
- Department of Cancer and Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Yamane M, Sano Y, Shimizu N. Significant changes in the alloantibody after lung transplantation in the cyclosporine treated rat model. Transpl Immunol 2004; 12:143-50. [PMID: 14967312 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2003.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2003] [Revised: 09/08/2003] [Accepted: 09/11/2003] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of acute rejection after organ transplantation is often complicated by other possibilities, such as infection. Despite many attempts to identify rejection episodes after transplantation, only the detection of the humoral anti-human leukocyte antigen antibody has been effective in measuring alloimmunization, especially detected with flow cytometry cross-match (FCXM). As an initial step towards gaining a better understanding of the correlation between humoral responses and graft rejection in an immunosuppressant recipient, we investigated responses of alloantibodies (allo-Abs) after lung transplantation (LTx) in a rat model treated with adequate or inadequate cyclosporine A (CsA) therapy. METHODS Orthotopic LTx was performed using a major histocompatibility complex fully incompatible combination (Brown Norway to Lewis rat). CsA was given subcutaneously to recipients at an optimal or a sub-optimal dosage for 3 days after transplantation. A FCXM technique was used to determine the time-course of changes in titers of allo-Abs in serum. The allo-Ab deposition in the grafted lung was detected with an immunofluorescent staining method. RESULTS Circulating IgM allo-Ab levels were significantly elevated on day 4 in both groups when histological findings revealed early stage of acute rejection. IgM levels in the sub-optimal dosage group were maximal and significantly higher than those in the optimal dosage group on day 4, and levels then decreased after day 8. IgG allo-Ab levels increased significantly on day 8 and continued to increase throughout the observation period. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the monitoring IgM allo-Abs might be effective for identifying acute rejection in recipients with inadequate immunosuppression therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaomi Yamane
- Department of Surgery II, Okayama University School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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