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Geringer SA, Singh Y, Hoard DJ, Demchenko AV. A Highly Efficient Glycosidation of Glycosyl Chlorides by Using Cooperative Silver(I) Oxide-Triflic Acid Catalysis. Chemistry 2020; 26:8053-8063. [PMID: 32145116 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Following our discovery that silver(I) oxide-promoted glycosylation with glycosyl bromides can be greatly accelerated in the presence of catalytic TMSOTf or TfOH, we report herein a new discovery that glycosyl chlorides are even more effective glycosyl donors under these reaction conditions. The developed reaction conditions work well with a variety of glycosyl chlorides. Both benzoylated and benzylated chlorides have been successfully glycosidated, and these reaction conditions proved to be effective in coupling substrates containing nitrogen and sulfur atoms. Another convenient feature of this glycosylation is that the progress of the reaction can be monitored visually; its completion can be judged by the disappearance of the characteristic dark color of Ag2 O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Geringer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63121, USA
| | - Yashapal Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63121, USA
| | - Daniel J Hoard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63121, USA
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63121, USA
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2
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Barel LA, Mulard LA. Classical and novel strategies to develop a Shigella glycoconjugate vaccine: from concept to efficacy in human. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 15:1338-1356. [PMID: 31158047 PMCID: PMC6663142 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1606972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Shigella are gram-negative bacteria that cause severe diarrhea and dysentery, with a high level of antimicrobial resistance. Disease-induced protection against reinfection in Shigella-endemic areas provides convincing evidence on the feasibility of a vaccine and on the importance of Shigella lipopolysaccharides as targets of the host humoral protective immune response against disease. This article provides an overview of the original and current strategies toward the development of a Shigella glycan-protein conjugate vaccine that would cover the most commonly detected strains. Going beyond pioneering “lattice”-type polysaccharide-protein conjugates, progress, and challenges are addressed with focus on promising alternatives, which have reached phases I and II clinical trial. Glycoengineered bioconjugates and “sun”-type conjugates featuring well-defined synthetic carbohydrate antigens are discussed with insights on the molecular parameters governing the rational design of a cost-effective glycoconjugate vaccine efficacious in preventing diseases caused by Shigella in the most at risk populations, young children living in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Antoine Barel
- a Chemistry of Biomolecules Unit, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry , Institut Pasteur, UMR3523, CNRS , Paris , France.,b Université Paris Descartes , Paris , France
| | - Laurence A Mulard
- a Chemistry of Biomolecules Unit, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry , Institut Pasteur, UMR3523, CNRS , Paris , France
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3
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Esmurziev A, Simić N, Sundby E, Hoff BH. (1)H and (13)C NMR data of methyl tetra-O-benzoyl-D-pyranosides in acetone-d(6). MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2009; 47:449-452. [PMID: 19173349 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Complete assignments of (1)H- and (13)C-NMR resonances of five methyl tetra-O-benzoyl-D-pyranosides based on (1)H, (13)C, 2D DQF-COSY, HMQC, HMBC and HSQC-TOCSY experiments have been performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslan Esmurziev
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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4
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Mulard LA, Ughetto-Monfrin J. Synthesis of a Tri- and Tetrasaccharide Fragment Specific for the Shigella flexneri Serotype 5a O-Antigen. A Reinvestigation. J Carbohydr Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/07328309908544033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurence A. Mulard
- a Unité de Chimie Organique, Département de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire , Institut Pasteur , 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
- b Unité de Chimie Organique, Département de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire , Institut Pasteur , 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Joël Ughetto-Monfrin
- a Unité de Chimie Organique, Département de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire , Institut Pasteur , 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
- b Unité de Chimie Organique, Département de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire , Institut Pasteur , 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
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5
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Roy S, Roy N. Synthesis of a Blocked Tetrasaccharide Related to the Repeating Unit of the Antigen from Shigella dysenteriae Type 9 in the Form of Its Methyl (R)‐Pyruvate Ester and 2‐(Trimethylsilyl)Ethyl Glycoside. J Carbohydr Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/car-120026456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samarpita Roy
- a Department of Biological Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur , Kolkata , 700 032 , India
| | - Nirmolendu Roy
- a Department of Biological Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur , Kolkata , 700 032 , India
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6
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Coxon B, Sari N, Mulard LA, Kovac P, Pozsgay V, Glaudemans CPJ. Investigation by NMR Spectroscopy and Molecular Modeling of the Conformations of Some Modified Disaccharide Antigens forShigella DysenteriaeType 1. J Carbohydr Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/07328309708006549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Coxon
- a Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USA
| | - Nese Sari
- a Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USA
| | - Laurence A. Mulard
- b Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Pavol Kovac
- b Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Vince Pozsgay
- b Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- c Laboratory of Developmental and Molecular Immunity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - C. P. J. Glaudemans
- b Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
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7
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Sarkar K, Roy N. Synthesis of Tetrasaccharide Repeating Unit of the O‐Antigen from Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 in the form of its 2‐(trimethylsilyl)ethyl Glycoside. J Carbohydr Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/07328300500495878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kakali Sarkar
- a Department of Biological Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata, India
| | - Nirmolendu Roy
- a Department of Biological Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata, India
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8
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Roy S, Sarkar SK, Roy N. Synthesis of a Tetrasaccharide Related to the Repeating Unit of the Antigen fromShigella dysenteriaeType 9 in the Form of Its 2‐(Trimethylsilyl)ethyl Glycoside. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2004. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-120028645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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9
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Clément MJ, Imberty A, Phalipon A, Pérez S, Simenel C, Mulard LA, Delepierre M. Conformational studies of the O-specific polysaccharide of Shigella flexneri 5a and of four related synthetic pentasaccharide fragments using NMR and molecular modeling. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:47928-36. [PMID: 12925526 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m308259200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
As part of a program for the development of synthetic vaccines against the pathogen Shigella flexneri, we used a combination of NMR and molecular modeling methods to study the conformations of the O-specific polysaccharide (O-SP) of S. flexneri 5a and of four related synthetic pentasaccharide fragments. The NMR study, based on the analysis of 1H and 13C chemical shifts, the evaluation of inter-residue distances, and the measurement of one- and three-bond heteronuclear coupling constants, showed that the conformation of one of the four pentasaccharides is similar to that of the native O-SP in solution. Interestingly, inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that a protective monoclonal antibody specific for S. flexneri 5a has a greater affinity for this pentasaccharide than for the others. We carried out a complete conformational search on the pentasaccharides using the CICADA algorithm interfaced with MM3 force field. We calculated Boltzmann-averaged inter-residue distances and 3JC,H coupling constants for the different conformational families and compared the results with NMR data for all pentasaccharides. Our experimental data are consistent with only one conformational family. We also used molecular modeling data to build models of the O-SP with the molecular builder program POLYS. The models that are in agreement with NMR data adopt right-handed 3-fold helical structures in which the branched glucosyl residue points outwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Jeanne Clément
- Unité de RMN des Biomolécules, URA CNRS 2185, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
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10
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Sarkar SK, Roy N. Synthesis of the Blocked Pentasaccharide Derivative Related to the Repeating Unit of the O‐Antigen fromShigella dysenteriaeType 3 in the Form of Its Allyl Glycoside. J Carbohydr Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1081/car-120023471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Arias-Pérez MS, López MS, Santos MJ. Imidazole-promoted 1,4-migration of the tert-butyldiphenylsilyl group: influence on the selectivity control of the silylation reactions of carbohydrate OH groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1039/b204396c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Nyholm PG, Mulard LA, Miller CE, Lew T, Olin R, Glaudemans CP. Conformation of the O-specific polysaccharide of Shigella dysenteriae type 1: molecular modeling shows a helical structure with efficient exposure of the antigenic determinant alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->2)-alpha-D-Galp. Glycobiology 2001; 11:945-55. [PMID: 11744629 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/11.11.945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The O-specific polysaccharide of Shigella dysenteriae type 1, which has the repeating tetrasaccharide unit -->3)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->3)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->2)-alpha-D-Galp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-GlcNAcp-(1--> (A-B-C-D), is a major virulence factor, and it is believed that antibodies against this polysaccharide confer protection to the host. The conformational properties of fragments of this O-antigen were explored using systematic search with a modified HSEA method (GLYCAN) and with molecular mechanics MM3(96). The results show that the alpha-D-Gal-(1-->3)-alpha-D-GlcNAc linkage adopts two favored conformations, phi/psi approximately equal to -40 degrees /-30 degrees (I) and approximately 15 degrees /30 degrees (II), whereas the other glycosidic linkages only have a single favored phi/psi conformational range. MM3 indicates that the trisaccharide B-C-D and tetrasaccharides containing the B-C-D moiety exist as two different conformers, distinguished by the conformations I and II of the C-D linkage. For the pentasaccharide A-B-C-D-A' and longer fragments, the calculations show preference for the C-D conformation II. These results can explain previously reported nuclear magnetic resonance data. The pentasaccharide in its favored conformation II is sharply bent, with the galactose residue exposed at the vertex. This hairpin conformation of the pentasaccharide was successfully docked with the binding site of a monoclonal IgM antibody (E3707 E9) that had been homology modeled from known crystal structures. For fragments made of repetitive tetrasaccharide units, the hairpin conformation leads to a left-handed helical structure with the galactose residues protruding radially at the helix surface. This arrangement results in a pronounced exposure of the galactose and also the adjacent rhamnose in each repeating unit, which is consistent with the known role of the as alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->2)-alpha-D-Galp moiety as a major antigenic epitope of this O-specific polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Nyholm
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Centre for Structural Biology, University of Göteborg, Medicinaregatan 7, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
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13
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Pozsgay V. Oligosaccharide-protein conjugates as vaccine candidates against bacteria. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2001; 56:153-99. [PMID: 11039111 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2318(01)56004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Pozsgay
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2720, USA
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14
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Coxon B, Sari N, Batta G, Pozsgay V. NMR spectroscopy, molecular dynamics, and conformation of a synthetic octasaccharide fragment of the O-specific polysaccharide of Shigella dysenteriae type 1. Carbohydr Res 2000; 324:53-65. [PMID: 10723612 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(99)00278-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic octasaccharide fragment (2) of the O-specific polysaccharide (1) of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 has been studied as its methyl glycoside by one- and two-dimensional homo- and heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments have been generated, and the 13C spin-lattice relaxation times have been measured for the octasaccharide 2. A congener (6) of this octasaccharide containing one D-galactose residue with a specific 13C label at C-1 has been synthesized and used to measure interglycosidic 13C-1H coupling by the 2D J-resolved 1H NMR method. From the NMR data, three types of conformational restraints were developed: (a) 29 inter-residue, distance restraints; (b) 48 intra-residue, ring atom dihedral angle restraints, and (c) one heteronuclear, inter-residue dihedral angle restraint. The use of these restraints in a restrained molecular dynamics computation with simulated annealing yielded a conformation resembling a short, irregular spiral, with methyl substituents on the exterior.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Coxon
- Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8311, USA.
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15
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Pozsgay V. Synthesis of Glycoconjugate Vaccines against Shigella dysenteriae Type 1. J Org Chem 1998; 63:5983-5999. [PMID: 11672203 DOI: 10.1021/jo980660a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Syntheses of a hexadecasaccharide and smaller fragments corresponding to one-four repeating units of the O-specific polysaccharide of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 are reported in a reactive aglycon-linked from. Two tetrasaccharide donor/acceptor repeating units were assembled from monosaccharide precursors in a stepwise fashion and used in a linear, iterative manner to construct the higher-membered saccharides using Schmidt's glycosylation technique that proved superior to others tested. Single-point attachment of the saccharides to human serum albumin, using a secondary heterobifunctional spacer, afforded a range of glycoconjugates for a detailed evaluation of their immunological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vince Pozsgay
- Laboratory of Developmental and Molecular Immunity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6 Center Dr. MSC 2720, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2720
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16
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Pozsgay V, Sari N, Coxon B. Measurement of interglycosidic 3JCH coupling constants of selectively 13C labeled oligosaccharides by 2D J-resolved 1H NMR spectroscopy. Carbohydr Res 1998; 308:229-38. [PMID: 9675362 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(98)00047-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tri-, tetra-, and penta-saccharide fragments of the O-specific polysaccharide of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 have been prepared in which a D-galactose residue of each oligosaccharide methyl glycoside derivative contains a 13C label at C-1. The interglycosidic coupling constants (3JCH) of these 13C nuclei with the H-3 nuclei of the adjacent 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose residues have been measured by two-dimensional, J-resolved 1H NMR spectroscopy. The magnitudes of these coupling constants indicate that the trisaccharide is conformationally different to the higher oligosaccharide homologs, in agreement with previous studies of 13C chemical shifts and 1JCH values.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pozsgay
- Laboratory of Developmental and Molecular Immunity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-2720, USA
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17
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Pozsgay V. SynthetischeShigella-Impfstoffe: ein Kohlenhydrat-Protein-Konjugat mit vollständig synthetischen Hexadecasaccharid-Haptenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19980116)110:1/2<145::aid-ange145>3.0.co;2-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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18
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Pozsgay V, Dubois EP, Pannell L. Synthesis of Kojidextrins and Their Protein Conjugates. Incidence of Steric Mismatch in Oligosaccharide Synthesis. J Org Chem 1997; 62:2832-2846. [PMID: 11671646 DOI: 10.1021/jo962300y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Kojidextrins are biologically important oligosaccharides that are involved in many physiological processes including protein glycosylation and bacterial growth. As part of our project to explore the role kojidextrins may play in bacterial pathogenesis, here we report synthetic routes to kojibiose (54), -triose (58), -tetraose (64), and -pentaose (69) equipped with alpha-linked (hydrazinocarbonyl)pentyl aglycon, using linear and convergent strategies. In the search for a rapid convergent strategy for the construction of extended kojidextrins, four kojibiose donors (1-4) were synthesized that contain acyl- and ether-type protecting groups in various ratios. These were tested to probe the influence of diverse protecting group assemblies on their glycosyl donor ability. Attempted condensation of these donors with kojitriose and -tetraose acceptors failed to give the desired products apparently because of steric mismatch between the donor and the acceptor moieties. A one-pot procedure was developed for the covalent attachment of the synthetic saccharides through their hydrazido group to human serum albumin (HSA) using Tietze's squarate method to give neoglycoproteins containing up to 28 saccharide units per HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vince Pozsgay
- Laboratory of Developmental and Molecular Immunity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2720, and Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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19
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Miller CE, Karpas A, Schneerson R, Huppi K, Kováĉ P, Pozsgay V, Glaudemans CP. Of four murine, anti-Shigella dysenteriae type 1 O-polysaccharide antibodies, three employ V-genes that differ extensively from those of the fourth. Mol Immunol 1996; 33:1217-22. [PMID: 9129157 DOI: 10.1016/s0161-5890(96)00105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Three murine, monoclonal antibodies, IgM 5286 F2, IgM 5297 C1, and IgG 5338 H4 were generated against Shigella dysenteriae type 1 O-specific polysaccharide (O-SP)-conjugate. They are specific for the O-SP, which is a poly-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-al pha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)-2-deoxy-2-amino-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucopyr anosyl]. The VH and VL genes of these antibodies were cloned and their sequences determined. They showed 93% homology, but were quite different to the primary sequence of IgM 3707 E9, of the same O-SP-specificity, previously reported. The fine-specificities of both IgG 5338 H4 and IgM 3707 E9 were for the same disaccharide moiety in the O-SP, while IgMs 5286 F2 and 5297 C1 showed fine-specificity for the entire repeating unit of the O-SP. Therefore, divergent sequences can confer upon antibodies similar-, or even identical-carbohydrate-epitope fine-specificity. In addition, close primary sequence-homology does not preclude differences in antibody fine-specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Miller
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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20
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Pozsgay V, Coxon B. Stereoselective preparation of alkyl glycosides of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranose by nonclassical halide-ion catalysis and synthesis and NMR spectroscopy of alpha-D-Gal p-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Glc pNAc-OMe. Carbohydr Res 1995; 277:171-8. [PMID: 8548787 DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(95)00198-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V Pozsgay
- Laboratory of Developmental and Molecular Immunity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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21
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Mulard LA, Claudemans CP. Synthesis of specifically deoxygenated disaccharide derivatives of the Shigella dysenteriae type 1 O-antigen. Carbohydr Res 1995; 274:209-22. [PMID: 7585707 DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(95)00122-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of methyl O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha-D-galactopyranosides specifically deoxygenated at position 2 (31), or 4 (21) of the rhamnopyranosyl residue was accomplished using methyl 3,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside (18) as the glycosyl acceptor. Phenyl thionocarbonate activation of the penta-O-benzoylated disaccharide precursor followed by Barton reduction and Zemplén transesterification gave 31, while 21 was obtained via condensation of the deoxygenated monosaccharide donor with 18, and subsequent debenzoylation of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Mulard
- NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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22
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Pozsgay V, Pannell L. Convergent synthesis of an octasaccharide fragment of the O-specific polysaccharide of Shigella dysenteriae type 1. Carbohydr Res 1994; 258:105-22. [PMID: 7518739 DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(94)84079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A stereocontrolled, convergent synthesis is described of the linear octasaccharide methyl glycoside alpha-L-Rha p-(1-->2)-alpha-D-Gal p-(1-->3)-alpha-Glc p NAc-(1-->3)-al pha-L-Rha p-(1-->3)-alpha-L-Rha p-(1-->2)-alpha-D-Gal p-(1-->3) -alpha-D-Glc p NAc-(1-->3)-alpha-L-Rha p-OMe (11), which corresponds to two contiguous repeating units of the O-specific polysaccharide of Shigella dysenteriae type 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pozsgay
- Laboratory of Developmental and Molecular Immunity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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23
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Pozsgay V, Coxon B. Synthesis and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of a tetra- and a hexa-saccharide fragment of the O-specific polysaccharide of Shigella dysenteriae type 1. Carbohydr Res 1994; 257:189-215. [PMID: 8013005 DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(94)80035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of the tetra- and hexa-saccharide methyl glycosides alpha-D-Galp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->3)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->3)- alpha-L-Rhap- OMe (1), and alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->3)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->2)-alpha-D-Galp-(1--> 3)-alpha-D-GlcpNAc- (1-->3)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->3)-alpha-L-Rhap-OMe (3) is described, which represent various epitopes of the O-specific polysaccharide of Shigella dysenteriae type 1. The following monosaccharide intermediates were used: 1,3-di-O-acetyl-2-O-benzoyl-4-O-benzyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranose (6 alpha), methyl 2,4-di-O-benzyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (7), methyl 2,4-di-O-benzoyl-1-thio-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (8), 2,3,4-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl bromide (9), methyl 3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-O-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1-thio-beta-D- galactopyranoside (13), methyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-1-thio-beta-D- galactopyranoside (16), and 2-azido-4,6-O-benzylidene-3-O-bromoacetyl-2-deoxy-beta-D- glucopyranosyl chloride (19). A detailed analysis of the 1H and 13C NMR spectra of oligosaccharides 1 and 3 confirmed that the hexasaccharide 3 better approaches the conformation of the native polysaccharide, than either 1 or the homologous pentasaccharide 41.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pozsgay
- Laboratory of Developmental and Molecular Immunity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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