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Pipier A, Chetot T, Kalamatianou A, Martin N, Caroff M, Britton S, Chéron N, Trantírek L, Granzhan A, Monchaud D. Structural Optimization of Azacryptands for Targeting Three-Way DNA Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202409780. [PMID: 38873877 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Transient melting of the duplex-DNA (B-DNA) during DNA transactions allows repeated sequences to fold into non-B-DNA structures, including DNA junctions and G-quadruplexes. These noncanonical structures can act as impediments to DNA polymerase progression along the duplex, thereby triggering DNA damage and ultimately jeopardizing genomic stability. Their stabilization by ad hoc ligands is currently being explored as a putative anticancer strategy since it might represent an efficient way to inflict toxic DNA damage specifically to rapidly dividing cancer cells. The relevance of this strategy is only emerging for three-way DNA junctions (TWJs) and, to date, no molecule has been recognized as a reference TWJ ligand, featuring both high affinity and selectivity. Herein, we characterize such reference ligands through a combination of in vitro techniques comprising affinity and selectivity assays (competitive FRET-melting and TWJ Screen assays), functional tests (qPCR and Taq stop assays) and structural analyses (molecular dynamics and NMR investigations). We identify novel azacryptands TrisNP-amphi and TrisNP-ana as the most promising ligands, interacting with TWJs with high affinity and selectivity. These ligands represent new molecular tools to investigate the cellular roles of TWJs and explore how they can be exploited in innovative anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Pipier
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire, ICMUB CNRS UMR6302, 9, Avenue Alain Savary, 21078, Dijon, France
| | - Titouan Chetot
- Chemistry and Modelling for the Biology of Cancer (CMBC), CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Institut Curie, Université Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Apollonia Kalamatianou
- Chemistry and Modelling for the Biology of Cancer (CMBC), CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Institut Curie, Université Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Nicolas Martin
- Chemistry and Modelling for the Biology of Cancer (CMBC), CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Institut Curie, Université Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Maëlle Caroff
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France
| | - Sébastien Britton
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Chéron
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École Normale Supérieure (ENS), PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR8640, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Lukáš Trantírek
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anton Granzhan
- Chemistry and Modelling for the Biology of Cancer (CMBC), CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Institut Curie, Université Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - David Monchaud
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire, ICMUB CNRS UMR6302, 9, Avenue Alain Savary, 21078, Dijon, France
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Boissieras J, Granzhan A. Potentiometric titrations to study ligand interactions with DNA i-motifs. Methods Enzymol 2023; 695:233-254. [PMID: 38521587 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
i-Motifs are non-canonical secondary structures of DNA formed by mutual intercalation of hemi-protonated cytosine-cytosine base pairs, most typically in slightly acidic conditions (pH<7.0). These structures are well-studied in vitro and have recently been suggested to exist in cells. Despite nearly a decade of active research, the quest for small-molecule ligands that could selectively bind to and stabilize i-motifs continues, and no reference, bona fide i-motif ligand is currently available. This is, at least in part, due to the lack of robust methods to assess the interaction of ligands with i-motifs, since many techniques well-established for studies of other secondary structures (such as CD-, UV-, and FRET-melting) may generate artifacts when applied to i-motifs. Here, we describe an implementation of automated, potentiometric (pH) titrations as a robust isothermal method to assess the impact of ligands or cosolutes on thermodynamic stability of i-motifs. This approach is validated through the use of a cosolute previously known to stabilize i-motifs (PEG2000) and three small-molecule ligands that are able to stabilize, destabilize, or have no effect on the stability of i-motifs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Boissieras
- CMBC, CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Orsay, France; CMBC, CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Université Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Anton Granzhan
- CMBC, CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Orsay, France; CMBC, CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Université Paris Saclay, Orsay, France.
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Sierra S, Duskova K, Fernández MJ, Gude L, Lorente A. One-step template-directed synthesis of acridine-based rigid cyclophanes. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jourdan M, Granzhan A, Guillot R, Dumy P, Teulade-Fichou MP. Double threading through DNA: NMR structural study of a bis-naphthalene macrocycle bound to a thymine-thymine mismatch. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40:5115-28. [PMID: 22362757 PMCID: PMC3367172 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The macrocyclic bis-naphthalene macrocycle (2,7-BisNP), belonging to the cyclobisintercalator family of DNA ligands, recognizes T–T mismatch sites in duplex DNA with high affinity and selectivity, as evidenced by thermal denaturation experiments and NMR titrations. The binding of this macrocycle to an 11-mer DNA oligonucleotide containing a T–T mismatch was studied using NMR spectroscopy and NMR-restrained molecular modeling. The ligand forms a single type of complex with the DNA, in which one of the naphthalene rings of the ligand occupies the place of one of the mismatched thymines, which is flipped out of the duplex. The second naphthalene unit of the ligand intercalates at the A-T base pair flanking the mismatch site, leading to encapsulation of its thymine residue via double stacking. The polyammonium linking chains of the macrocycle are located in the minor and the major grooves of the oligonucleotide and participate in the stabilization of the complex by formation of hydrogen bonds with the encapsulated thymine base and the mismatched thymine remaining inside the helix. The study highlights the uniqueness of this cyclobisintercalation binding mode and its importance for recognition of DNA lesion sites by small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Jourdan
- CNRS UMR5250, ICMG FR2607, Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Joseph Fourier, 570 rue de la Chimie, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
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David A, Bleimling N, Beuck C, Lehn JM, Weinhold E, Teulade-Fichou MP. DNA mismatch-specific base flipping by a bisacridine macrocycle. Chembiochem 2004; 4:1326-31. [PMID: 14661275 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200300693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Most, if not all, enzymes that chemically modify nucleobases in DNA flip their target base from the inside of the double helix into an extrahelical position. This energetically unfavorable conformation is partly stabilized by specific binding of the apparent abasic site being formed. Thus, DNA base-flipping enzymes, like DNA methyltransferases and DNA glycosylases, generally bind very strongly to DNA containing abasic sites or abasic-site analogues. The macrocyclic bisacridine BisA has previously been shown to bind abasic sites. Herein we demonstrate that it is able to specifically recognize DNA base mismatches and most likely induces base flipping. Specific binding of BisA to DNA mismatches was studied by thermal denaturation experiments by using short duplex oligodeoxynucleotides containing central TT, TC, or TG mismatches or a TA match. In the presence of the macrocycle a strong increase in the melting temperature of up to 7.1 degrees C was observed for the mismatch-containing duplexes, whereas the melting temperature of the fully matched duplex was unaffected. Furthermore, BisA binding induced an enhanced reactivity of the mispaired thymine residue in the DNA toward potassium permanganate oxidation. A comparable reactivity has previously been observed for a TT target base mismatch in the presence of DNA methyltransferase M.TaqI. This similarity to a known base-flipping enzyme suggests that insertion of BisA into the DNA helix displaces the mispaired thymine residue into an extrahelical position, where it should be more prone to chemical oxidation. Thus, DNA base flipping does not appear to be limited to DNA-modifying enzymes but it is likely to also be induced by a small synthetic molecule binding to a thermodynamically weakened site in DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud David
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Interactions Moléculaires, Collège de France, CNRS UPR 285, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
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