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Fang Q, Zhang Y, Chen X, Li H, Cheng L, Zhu W, Zhang Z, Tang M, Liu W, Wang H, Wang T, Shen T, Chai R. Three-Dimensional Graphene Enhances Neural Stem Cell Proliferation Through Metabolic Regulation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 7:436. [PMID: 31998703 PMCID: PMC6961593 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene consists of two-dimensional sp2-bonded carbon sheets, a single or a few layers thick, which has attracted considerable interest in recent years due to its good conductivity and biocompatibility. Three-dimensional graphene foam (3DG) has been demonstrated to be a robust scaffold for culturing neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro that not only supports NSCs growth, but also maintains cells in a more active proliferative state than 2D graphene films and ordinary glass. In addition, 3DG can enhance NSCs differentiation into astrocytes and especially neurons. However, the underlying mechanisms behind 3DG's effects are still poorly understood. Metabolism is the fundamental characteristic of life and provides substances for building and powering the cell. Metabolic activity is tightly tied with the proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal of stem cells. This study focused on the metabolic reconfiguration of stem cells induced by culturing on 3DG. This study established the correlation between metabolic reconfiguration metabolomics with NSCs cell proliferation rate on different scaffold. Several metabolic processes have been uncovered in association with the proliferation change of NSCs. Especially, culturing on 3DG triggered pathways that increased amino acid incorporation and enhanced glucose metabolism. These data suggested a potential association between graphene and pathways involved in Parkinson's disease. Our work provides a very useful starting point for further studies of NSC fate determination on 3DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaojun Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangbo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,Hangzhou Rongze Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liya Cheng
- Institute of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhu
- Zhangjiagang City First People's Hospital, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Suzhou University, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tie Shen
- Key Laboratory of Information and Computing Science Guizhou Province, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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2
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Ermert J, Benešová M, Hugenberg V, Gupta V, Spahn I, Pietzsch HJ, Liolios C, Kopka K. Radiopharmaceutical Sciences. Clin Nucl Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-39457-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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3
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Chiotellis A, Müller Herde A, Rössler SL, Brekalo A, Gedeonova E, Mu L, Keller C, Schibli R, Krämer SD, Ametamey SM. Synthesis, Radiolabeling, and Biological Evaluation of 5-Hydroxy-2-[18F]fluoroalkyl-tryptophan Analogues as Potential PET Radiotracers for Tumor Imaging. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5324-40. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aristeidis Chiotellis
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ETH, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Adrienne Müller Herde
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ETH, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Simon L. Rössler
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ETH, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Ante Brekalo
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ETH, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Erika Gedeonova
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ETH, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Linjing Mu
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Department of Nuclear
Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Keller
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ETH, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ETH, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie D. Krämer
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ETH, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Simon M. Ametamey
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ETH, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
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4
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Jacobson O, Kiesewetter DO, Chen X. Fluorine-18 radiochemistry, labeling strategies and synthetic routes. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 26:1-18. [PMID: 25473848 PMCID: PMC4306521 DOI: 10.1021/bc500475e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine-18 is the most frequently used radioisotope in positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceuticals in both clinical and preclinical research. Its physical and nuclear characteristics (97% β(+) decay, 109.7 min half-life, 635 keV positron energy), along with high specific activity and ease of large scale production, make it an attractive nuclide for radiochemical labeling and molecular imaging. Versatile chemistry including nucleophilic and electrophilic substitutions allows direct or indirect introduction of (18)F into molecules of interest. The significant increase in (18)F radiotracers for PET imaging accentuates the need for simple and efficient (18)F-labeling procedures. In this review, we will describe the current radiosynthesis routes and strategies for (18)F labeling of small molecules and biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orit Jacobson
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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Sparr C, Salamanova E, Schweizer WB, Senn HM, Gilmour R. Theoretical and X-ray crystallographic evidence of a fluorine-imine gauche effect: an addendum to Dunathan's stereoelectronic hypothesis. Chemistry 2011; 17:8850-7. [PMID: 21732444 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The preference of β-fluoroimines to adopt a gauche conformation has been studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and DFT methods. Empirical and theoretical evidence for a preferential gauche arrangement around the NCCF torsion angle (φ) is presented ((E)-2-fluoro-N-(4-nitrobenzylidene)ethanamine: φ(NCCF) =70.0°). In the context of this study, the analysis of a pyridoxal-derived β-fluoroaldimine was performed, a species that is implicated in the inhibition of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes by β-fluoroamine derivatives. The gauche preference of the internal aldimine (=NCH(2)CH(2)F) that can be rationalized by stereoelectronic arguments does not hold for the corresponding external system (N=CHCH(2)F) (E(min) when φ(NCCF) =120°). Moreover, the C-F bond is lengthened by more than 0.02 Å at φ(NCCF) =±90°, when it is exactly antiperiplanar to the conjugated imine. This activation of the C-F σ bond by an adjacent π system constitutes an addendum to Dunathan's stereoelectronic hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christof Sparr
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Zürich, Switzerland
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Jacobson O, Chen X. PET designated flouride-18 production and chemistry. Curr Top Med Chem 2010; 10:1048-59. [PMID: 20388116 PMCID: PMC3617500 DOI: 10.2174/156802610791384298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a nuclear medicine imaging technology which allows for four-dimensional, quantitative determination of the distribution of labeled biological compounds within the human body. PET is becoming an increasingly important tool for the measurement of physiological, biochemical and pharmacological functions at the molecular level in healthy and pathological conditions. This review will focus on Flouride-18, one of the common isotopes used for PET imaging, which has a half life of 109.8 minutes. This isotope can be produced with an efficient yield in a cyclotron as a nucleophile or as an electrophile. Flouride-18 can be thereafter introduced into small molecules or biomolecules using various chemical synthetic routes, to give the desired imaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orit Jacobson
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, USA
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Abstract
The aberrant expression and function of certain receptors in tumours and other diseased tissues make them preferable targets for molecular imaging. PET and SPECT radionuclides can be used to label specific ligands with high affinity for the target receptors. The functional information obtained from imaging these receptors can be used to better understand the systems under investigation and for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This review discusses some of the aspects of receptor imaging with small molecule tracers by PET and SPECT and reviews some of the tracers for the receptor imaging of tumours and brain, heart and lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviv Hagooly
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd., Campus Box 8225, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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DeJesus OT, Flores LG, Murali D, Converse AK, Bartlett RM, Barnhart TE, Oakes TR, Nickles RJ. Aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase turnover in vivo in rhesus macaque striatum: A microPET study. Brain Res 2005; 1054:55-60. [PMID: 16055094 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2005] [Accepted: 06/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD) is involved in the de novo synthesis of dopamine, a neurotransmitter crucial in cognitive, neurobehavioral and motor functions. The goal of this study was to assess the in vivo turnover rate of AAAD enzyme protein in the rhesus macaque striatum by monitoring, using microPET imaging with the tracer [(18)F]fluoro-m-tyrosine (FMT), the recovery of enzyme activity after suicide inhibition. Results showed the AAAD turnover half-life to be about 86 h while total recovery was estimated to be 16 days after complete inhibition. Despite this relatively slow AAAD recovery, the animals displayed normal movement and behavior within 24 h. Based on the PET results, at 24 h, the animals have recovered about 20% of normal AAAD function. These findings show that normal movement and behavior do not depend on complete recovery of AAAD function but likely on pre-synaptic and post-synaptic compensatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- O T DeJesus
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin Medical School, 1530 Medical Sciences Center, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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