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Boschi A, Urso L, Uccelli L, Martini P, Filippi L. 99mTc-labeled FAPI compounds for cancer and inflammation: from radiochemistry to the first clinical applications. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2024; 9:36. [PMID: 38695960 PMCID: PMC11065808 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-024-00264-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, fibroblast activating protein (FAP), a biomarker overexpressed by cancer-associated fibroblasts, has emerged as one of the most promising biomarkers in oncology. Similarly, FAP overexpression has been detected in various fibroblast-mediated inflammatory conditions such as liver cirrhosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Along this trajectory, FAP-targeted positron emission tomography (PET), utilizing FAP inhibitors (FAPi) labeled with positron emitters, has gained traction as a powerful imaging approach in both cancer and inflammation. However, PET represents a high-cost technology, and its widespread adoption is still limited compared to the availability of gamma cameras. To address this issue, several efforts have been made to explore the potential of [99mTc]Tc-FAPi tracers as molecular probes for imaging with gamma cameras and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). MAIN BODY Several approaches have been investigated for labeling FAPi-based compounds with 99mTc. Specifically, the mono-oxo, tricarbonyl, isonitrile, and HYNIC strategies have been applied to produce [99mTc]Tc-FAPi tracers, which have been tested in vitro and in animal models. Overall, these labeling approaches have demonstrated high efficiency and strong binding. The resulting [99mTc]Tc-FAPi tracers have shown high specificity for FAP-positive cells and xenografts in both in vitro and animal model studies, respectively. However, the majority of [99mTc]Tc-FAPi tracers have exhibited variable levels of lipophilicity, leading to preferential excretion through the hepatobiliary route and undesirable binding to lipoproteins. Consequently, efforts have been made to synthesize more hydrophilic FAPi-based compounds to improve pharmacokinetic properties and achieve a more favorable biodistribution, particularly in the abdominal region. SPECT imaging with [99mTc]Tc-FAPi has yielded promising results in patients with gastrointestinal tumors, demonstrating comparable or superior diagnostic performance compared to other imaging modalities. Similarly, encouraging outcomes have been observed in subjects with gliomas, lung cancer, breast cancer, and cervical cancer. Beyond oncological applications, [99mTc]Tc-FAPi-based imaging has been successfully employed in myocardial and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS This overview focuses on the various radiochemical strategies for obtaining [99mTc]Tc-FAPi tracers, highlighting the main challenges encountered and possible solutions when applying each distinct approach. Additionally, it covers the preclinical and initial clinical applications of [99mTc]Tc-FAPi in cancer and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Boschi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca Urso
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70 c/o viale Eliporto, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Ferrara Hospital, Via A. Moro, 8, 44124, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Licia Uccelli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70 c/o viale Eliporto, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Ferrara Hospital, Via A. Moro, 8, 44124, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Petra Martini
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Luca Filippi
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Oncohaematology, Fondazione PTV Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Saednia S, Emami S, Moslehi M, Hosseinimehr SJ. Insights into the development of 99mTc-radioligands for serotonergic receptors imaging: Synthesis, labeling, In vitro, and In vivo studies. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116349. [PMID: 38555856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Serotonergic (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) receptors play critical roles in neurological and psychological disorders such as schizophrenia, anxiety, depression, and Alzheimer's diseases. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop novel radioligands or modify the existing ones to identify the serotonergic receptors involved in psychiatric disorders. Among the 16 subtypes of serotonergic systems, only technetium-99m based radiopharmaceuticals have been evaluated for serotonin-1A (5-HT1A), serotonin-2A (5-HT2A), 5-HT1A/7 heterodimers and serotonin receptor neurotransmitter (SERT). This review focuses on recent efforts in the design, synthesis and evaluation of 99mTc-radioligands used for single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) imaging of serotonergic (5-HT) receptors. Additionally, the discussion will cover aspects such as chemical structure, in vitro/vivo stability, affinity toward serotonin receptors, blood-brain barrier permeation (BBB), and biodistribution study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Saednia
- Farabi Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Saeed Emami
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Masoud Moslehi
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Claude G, Genz J, Weh D, Roca Jungfer M, Hagenbach A, Gembicky M, Figueroa JS, Abram U. Mixed-Isocyanide Complexes of Technetium under Steric and Electronic Control. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16163-16176. [PMID: 36167508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of the alkyl isocyanide fac-[Tc(CO)3(CNR)2Cl] complexes (2) (CNR = CNnBu or CNtBu) with the sterically encumbered isocyanide CNp-FArDarF2 [DArF = 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3] allow a selective exchange of the carbonyl ligands of 2 and the isolation of the mixed-isocyanide complexes mer,trans-[Tc(CNp-FArDarF2)3(CNR)2Cl] (3). Depending on the steric requirements of the residues R, the remaining chlorido ligand can be replaced by another isocyanide ligand. Cationic complexes such as mer-[Tc(CNp-FArDarF2)3(CNnBu)3]+ (4a) or mer,trans-[Tc(CNp-FArDarF2)3(CNnBu)2(CNtBu)]+ (6) have been prepared in this way and isolated as their PF6- salts. mer,trans-[Tc(CNp-FArDarF2)3(CNnBu)2(CNtBu)](PF6) represents to the best of our knowledge the first transition-metal complex with three different isocyanides in its coordination sphere. Since the degree of the ligand exchange seems to be controlled both by the electronic and steric measures of the incoming isocyanides, we undertook similar reactions with the sterically less demanding p-fluorophenyl isocyanide, CNPhpF, which indeed readily led to the hexakis(isocyanide)technetium(I) cation through an exchange of all ligands in the staring materials [Tc2(CO)6(μ-Cl)3]- or fac-[Tc(CO)3(CNR)2Cl]. The influence of the substituents at the isocyanide ligands in such reactions has been reasoned with the density functional theory-derived electrostatic potential at the accessible surface of the corresponding isocyanide carbon atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilhem Claude
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34/36, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Jonas Genz
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34/36, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Dominik Weh
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34/36, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Maximilian Roca Jungfer
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34/36, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Adelheid Hagenbach
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34/36, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Joshua S Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Ulrich Abram
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34/36, Berlin 14195, Germany
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Chaturvedi S, Kaul A, Hazari PP, Mishra AK. Mapping neuroreceptors with metal-labeled radiopharmaceuticals. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:855-870. [PMID: 30108802 PMCID: PMC6072260 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00610h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The growing epidemiological and economic burden of neurological diseases on society is tremendous. A correct and timely diagnosis can help in lowering the burden and improving the life quality of both the diseased person and the caretaker. Imaging of the brain (neuroimaging) using CT, MRI, and nuclear imaging methods can provide anatomical and functional information. Neuroreceptors are central to neurotransmission and neuromodulation in the CNS. In vivo imaging of receptors in the brain provides powerful tools for the functional study of the central nervous system (CNS) in normal or diseased states. Presently, PET imaging using non-metallic radiotracers dominates the imaging of neuroreceptors. Metal-based probes for SPECT and PET can be economical and logistically easier to use without compromising the information. This review focuses on the development of metallic radiotracers for (99mTc) SPECT and (68Ga) PET along with future directions based on the metallic probes developed for other imaging modalities namely MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaturvedi
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences , Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences , Brig. S.K. Mazumder Road , Delhi 110054 , India . ; ; ; Tel: +91 11 23095117
| | - A Kaul
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences , Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences , Brig. S.K. Mazumder Road , Delhi 110054 , India . ; ; ; Tel: +91 11 23095117
| | - Puja P Hazari
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences , Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences , Brig. S.K. Mazumder Road , Delhi 110054 , India . ; ; ; Tel: +91 11 23095117
| | - Anil K Mishra
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences , Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences , Brig. S.K. Mazumder Road , Delhi 110054 , India . ; ; ; Tel: +91 11 23095117
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Vats K, Mallia MB, Mathur A, Sarma HD, Banerjee S. ‘4+1’ Mixed Ligand Strategy for the Preparation of 99m
Tc-Radiopharmaceuticals for Hypoxia Detecting Applications. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kusum Vats
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Mumbai- 400085
- Homi Bhabha National Institute; Anushakti Nagar Mumbai- 400094 India
| | - Madhava B. Mallia
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Mumbai- 400085
| | - Anupam Mathur
- Radiopharmaceuticals Program; Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology; Mumbai- 400705 India
| | - Haladhar D. Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Science Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Mumbai- 400085
| | - Sharmila Banerjee
- Radiation Medicine Centre; Parel Mumbai- 400012 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute; Anushakti Nagar Mumbai- 400094 India
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Preparation and biodistribution of 1-((2-methoxyphenyl) piperazine)ferrocenecarboxamide labeled with technetium-99m as a potential brain receptor imaging agent. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 97:280-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Chaturvedi S, Kaul A, Yadav N, Singh B, Mishra AK. Synthesis, docking and preliminary in vivo evaluation of serotonin dithiocarbamate as novel SPECT neuroimaging agent. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00044c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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8
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Hassanzadeh L, Erfani M, Sadat Ebrahimi SE. 2-Amino-3-(1-(4-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperazine-1-yl)butyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl) propanoic acid: synthesized,99mTc-tricarbonyl labeled, and bioevaluated as a potential 5HT1Areceptor ligand. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Hassanzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; PO Box 6446-14155; Tehran; Iran
| | - Mostafa Erfani
- Nuclear Science Research School, Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute (NSTRI); Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI); Karegar Avenue, PO Box 11365-3486; Tehran; Iran
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Sadat Ebrahimi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; PO Box 6446-14155; Tehran; Iran
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9
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Morais GR, Paulo A, Santos I. Organometallic Complexes for SPECT Imaging and/or Radionuclide Therapy. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300501d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Goreti Ribeiro Morais
- Unidade de Ciências
Quı́micas e Radiofarmacêuticas, Instituto
Tecnológico e Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional
10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
| | - António Paulo
- Unidade de Ciências
Quı́micas e Radiofarmacêuticas, Instituto
Tecnológico e Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional
10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
| | - Isabel Santos
- Unidade de Ciências
Quı́micas e Radiofarmacêuticas, Instituto
Tecnológico e Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional
10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
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10
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Abstract
Technetium and Rhenium are the two lower elements in the manganese triad. Whereas rhenium is known as an important part of high resistance alloys, technetium is mostly known as a cumbersome product of nuclear fission. It is less known that its metastable isotope 99mTc is of utmost importance in nuclear medicine diagnosis. The technical application of elemental rhenium is currently complemented by investigations of its isotope 188Re , which could play a central role in the future for internal, targeted radiotherapy. This article will briefly describe the basic principles behind diagnostic methods with radionuclides for molecular imaging, review the 99mTc -based radiopharmaceuticals currently in clinical routine and focus on the chemical challenges and current developments towards improved, radiolabeled compounds for diagnosis and therapy in nuclear medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- ROGER ALBERTO
- University of Zürich, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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11
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Chiotellis A, Tsoukalas C, Pelecanou M, Pirmettis I, Papadopoulos M. Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of novel neutral fac-M(CO)3(SNO) complexes (M=Re, 99mTc) bearing the o-methoxyphenylpiperazine moiety. Appl Radiat Isot 2012; 70:957-64. [PMID: 22464790 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of two new neutral tricarbonyl fac-M(CO)(3)(SNO) (M=Re, (99m)Tc) bearing o-methoxyphenylpiperazine as pharmacophore and S-functionalized cysteine or penicillamine as chelators are reported. Competition binding tests showed good affinity for the 5-HT(1A) receptor (8 and 54 nM for 4a and 4b, respectively). Biodistribution studies in healthy animals showed high initial blood and liver uptake, fast blood and tissue depuration and negligible brain uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chiotellis
- Institute of Radioisotopes, Radiodiagnostic Products, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece
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Singh N, Hazari PP, Prakash S, Chuttani K, Khurana H, Chandra H, Mishra AK. A homodimeric bivalent radioligand derived from 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine with high affinity for in vivo 5-HT1A receptor imaging. MEDCHEMCOMM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2md20062g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Kunstler JU, Bergmann R, Gniazdowska E, Koźmiński P, Walther M, Pietzsch HJ. Impact of functionalized coligands on the pharmacokinetics of 99mTc(III) ‘4+1’ mixed-ligand complexes conjugated to bombesin. J Inorg Biochem 2011; 105:1383-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2011.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Chiotellis A, Tsoukalas C, Pelecanou M, Pirmettis I, Papadopoulos M. New 99mTc(CO)3(NNO) complexes in the development of 5HT1A receptor imaging agents. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2011. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2011.1835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this work we report the synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of two new neutral tricarbonyl fac-M(CO)3(NNO) (M=Re, 99mTc) derivatives of WAY-100635 as potential 99mTc agents for the in vivo imaging of 5HT1A receptors. The new pharmacophore NNO ligands are based on the picolylamine N,N-diacetic acid (PADA) ligand and their synthesis was achieved through the PADA anhydride, showing thus the applicability of this synthetic approach, developed in our laboratory, for the incorporation of bioactive amines in the PADA molecule and the development of target specific radiopharmaceuticals. The rhenium complexes were synthesized using [NEt4]2[Re(CO)3Br3] as a precursor and fully characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods. The analogous technetium-99m complexes were also prepared quantitatively using the [99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ precursor and their structure corroborated by means of the rhenium complexes. The lipophilicity of the Tc complexes is in the range normally accepted for substances to be able to cross the BBB. Competition binding tests showed moderate affinity for the 5HT1A receptors, with IC50 values at the nanomolar range (30 and 116 nM). Biodistribution in healthy animals was characterized by high initial blood and liver uptake and fast blood and tissue depuration with excretion taking place mainly through the hepatobiliary system. None of the new complexes showed any significant brain uptake, suggesting that the ability of a compound to cross the BBB is determined by more factors than charge, lipophilicity and size.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Chiotellis
- National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos“, Institute of Radioisotopes - Radiodiagnostic Produ, Athens, Griechenland
| | | | - M. Pelecanou
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Institute of Biology, Athens, Griechenland
| | - I. Pirmettis
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Institute of Radioisotopes - Radiodiagnostic Produ, Athens, Griechenland
| | - M. Papadopoulos
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Institute of Radioisotopes - Radiodiagnostic Produ, Athens, Griechenland
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Bolzati C, Salvarese N, Carta D, Refosco F, Dolmella A, Pietzsch HJ, Bergmann R, Bandoli G. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new [Tc(N)(PS)]-based mixed-ligand compounds useful in the design of target-specific radiopharmaceuticals: the 2-methoxyphenylpiperazine dithiocarbamate derivatives as an example. J Biol Inorg Chem 2010; 16:137-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-010-0712-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Efficient preparation of 99mTc(III) ‘4+1’ mixed-ligand complexes for peptide labeling with high specific activity. Appl Radiat Isot 2010; 68:1728-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Revised: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Esteves T, Xavier C, Gama S, Mendes F, Raposinho PD, Marques F, Paulo A, Pessoa JC, Rino J, Viola G, Santos I. Tricarbonyl M(I) (M = Re, (99m)Tc) complexes bearing acridine fluorophores: synthesis, characterization, DNA interaction studies and nuclear targeting. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:4104-16. [PMID: 20648265 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00073f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New pyrazolyl-diamine ligands with acridine derivatives at the 4-position of the pyrazolyl ring were synthesized and characterized (L1 and L2). Coordination towards the fac-[M(CO)(3)](+) (M = Re, (99m)Tc) led to complexes fac-[M(CO)(3)(kappa(3)-L)] (L = L1: M = Re1, Tc1; L = L2: M = Re2, Tc2). The interaction of the novel pyrazolyl-diamine ligands (L1 and L2) and rhenium(i) complexes (Re1 and Re2) with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was investigated by a variety of techniques, namely UV-visible, fluorescence spectroscopy and circular and linear dichroism. Compounds L1 and Re1 have moderate affinity to CT-DNA and bind to DNA by intercalation, while L2 and Re2 have a poor affinity for CT-DNA. Moreover, LD measurements showed that L1 and Re1 act as perfect intercalators. By confocal fluorescence microscopy we found that L1 and Re1 internalize and localize in the nucleus of B16F1 murine melanoma cells. The congener Tc1 complex also targets the cell nucleus exhibiting a time-dependent cellular uptake and a fast and high nuclear internalization (67.2% of activity after 30 min). Plasmid DNA studies have shown that Tc1 converts supercoiled (sc) puc19 DNA to the open circular (oc) form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Esteves
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal
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Mou T, Yang W, Peng C, Zhang X, Ma Y. [(18)F]-labeled 2-methoxyphenylpiperazine derivative as a potential brain positron emission tomography imaging agent. Appl Radiat Isot 2009; 67:2013-8. [PMID: 19679486 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2009] [Revised: 07/17/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the synthesis and characterization of N-(3-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl-4-[(18)F]fluorobenzamide ([(18)F]MPP3F). The total reaction time for [(18)F]MPP3F, including final high-performance liquid chromatography purification, was about 3h. Typical decay-corrected radiochemical yield was 18.4+/-3.1%. The radiochemical purity was >98%. Biodistribution in mice showed that [(18)F]MPP3F is a potential brain imaging agent for positron emission tomography. The brain uptake of [(18)F]MPP3F was 6.59+/-0.77% Injected Dose/g at 2 min post-injection time. A brain-to-blood ratio of 3.67 was reached at 15 min after injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Mou
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
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21
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Novel 99mTc(CO) 3Complexes with WAY-100635 Moiety for the Development of 5-HT 1AReceptor lmaging Agent. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2009. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2009.30.5.1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Fan W, Lin Y, Zhang X, Pang Y, Ma C, Tang Z, Zhang J, Wang X. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 99mTc-HEDTA/HYNIC-MPP4 complex for 5-HT1A receptor imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-009-0054-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Wang F, Wang X, Yang S, Liu J, Zhang X. N-[3-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperaziny-1-yl]propyl]cyclam: synthesized as a potential 5-HT1Areceptor ligand and labelled with99mTc-nitrido core. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Garcia R, Paulo A, Domingos A, Santos I, Pietzsch H. Disruption of Unprecedented B‐H…M Agostic Interactions: An Alternative Approach for Labeling Bioactive Molecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/sim-200047542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Garcia
- a Departamento de Química , ITN , Sacavém Codex, Portugal
| | - A. Paulo
- a Departamento de Química , ITN , Sacavém Codex, Portugal
| | - A. Domingos
- a Departamento de Química , ITN , Sacavém Codex, Portugal
| | - I. Santos
- a Departamento de Química , ITN , Sacavém Codex, Portugal
| | - H.‐J. Pietzsch
- b Institute of Bioinorganic & Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry , Forschungszentrum Rossendorf , Dresden, Germany
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Preparation and biodistribution of 99mTc-tricarbonyl complex with 4-[(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-dithioformate as a potential 5-HT1A receptor imaging agent. Appl Radiat Isot 2006; 65:287-92. [PMID: 17074495 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2006.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2006] [Revised: 08/13/2006] [Accepted: 09/05/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study is to develop a novel 5-HT(1A) receptor imaging agent. 4-[(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-dithioformate (MPPDTF) was labeled with (99m)Tc-tricarbonyl core via dithioformate moiety in high yield (>96% by HPLC). (99m)Tc(CO)(3)-MPPDTF is a neutral and lipophilic complex, which was confirmed by paper electrophoresis and octanol/water partition coefficient (P=27.0+/-1.4, n=3), respectively. In vivo biodistribution indicated that this complex had moderate brain uptake (0.53+/-0.10% ID/g at 5 min and 0.42+/-0.02% ID/g at 120 min) and good retention (about 80% of the activity was retained in the brain at 120 min post-injection). Regional brain distribution study showed that hippocampus, where the 5-HT(1A) receptor density is high, had the highest uptake (0.60+/-0.02% ID/g at 5 min p.i.) and the cerebellum, where the 5-HT(1A) receptor density is low, had the lowest uptake (0.10+/-0.02% ID/g at 5 min p.i.). After blocking with 8-OH-DPAT, the hippocampus uptake was decreased obviously while the cerebellum uptake was increased slightly. This result indicates that (99m)Tc(CO)(3)-MPPDTF complex has specific binding to 5-HT(1A) receptor.
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Synthesis and Physical Evaluation of99mTc(CO)3-labeled Cysteine-arylpiperazines for a Neuroreceptor(5-HT1A) Imaging. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2006. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2006.27.10.1689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Tisato F, Porchia M, Bolzati C, Refosco F, Vittadini A. The preparation of substitution-inert 99Tc metal-fragments: Promising candidates for the design of new 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals. Coord Chem Rev 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Garcia R, Gano L, Maria L, Paulo A, Santos I, Spies H. Synthesis and biological evaluation of tricarbonyl Re(I) and Tc(I) complexes anchored by poly(azolyl)borates: application on the design of radiopharmaceuticals for the targeting of 5-HT1A receptors. J Biol Inorg Chem 2006; 11:769-82. [PMID: 16823553 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-006-0124-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2006] [Accepted: 05/31/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The building blocks fac-[(99m)Tc{kappa(3)-HB(tim(Me))(3)}(CO)(3)] and fac-[(99m)Tc{kappa(3)-R(mu-H)B(tim(Me))(2)}(CO)(3)] [R is H (4a), Ph (5a); tim(Me) is 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazolyl] were obtained almost quantitatively by reacting fac-[(99m)Tc(CO)(3)(H(2)O)(3)](+) with the corresponding scorpionate. These compounds cross the intact blood-brain barrier in mice, with significant retention in the case of 4a and 5a. Using 4a as the lead structure, we have synthesized the functionalized complexes fac-[M{kappa(3)-H(mu-H)B(tim(Bu-pip))(2)}(CO)(3)] [M is Re (8), (99m)Tc (8a); tim(Bu-pip) is methyl[4-((2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl)butyl](2-mercapto-1-methylimidazol-5-yl)methanamide] and fac-[M{kappa (3)-H(mu-H)B(tim(Me))(tim(Bu-pip))}(CO)(3)] [M is Re (9), (99m)Tc (9a)] and evaluated their potential as radioactive probes for the targeting of brain 5-HT(1A) serotonergic receptors. The Re complexes exhibit excellent affinity [IC(50)=0.172 +/- 0.003 nM (8); IC(50)=0.65 +/- 0.01 nM (9)] for the 5-HT(1A) receptor. The radioactive congeners ((99m)Tc) have shown an initial brain uptake of 1.38 +/- 0.46%ID g(-1) (8a) and 0.43 +/- 0.12%ID g(-1) (9a), but suffer from a relatively fast washout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Garcia
- Departamento de Química, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém Codex, Portugal
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Porchia M, Papini G, Santini C, Lobbia GG, Pellei M, Tisato F, Bandoli G, Dolmella A. Oxo-rhenium(V) compounds containing bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)acetate scorpionate ligand. Inorganica Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2006.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Garcia R, Xavier C, Paulo A, Santos I, Kniess T, Bergmann R, Wüst F. Synthesis and biological evaluation ofS-[11C]methylated mercaptoimidazole piperazinyl derivatives as potential radioligands for imaging 5-HT1Areceptors by positron emission tomography (PET). J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Cyclopentadienyl tricarbonyl complexes of 99mTc for the in vivo imaging of the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor in the brain. J Organomet Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2004.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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