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Hierlmeier I, Guillou A, Earley DF, Linden A, Holland JP, Bartholomä MD. HNODThia: A Promising Chelator for the Development of 64Cu Radiopharmaceuticals. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:20677-20687. [PMID: 37487036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present the synthesis and coordination chemistry of copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes of two novel heterocyclic triazacyclononane (tacn)-based chelators (HNODThia and NODThia-AcNHEt). The chelator HNODThia was further derivatized to obtain a novel PSMA-based bioconjugate (NODThia-PSMA) and a bifunctional photoactivatable azamacrocyclic analogue, NODThia-PEG3-ArN3, for the development of copper-64 radiopharmaceuticals. 64Cu radiolabeling experiments were performed on the different metal-binding chelates, whereby quantitative radiochemical conversion (RCC) was obtained in less than 10 min at room temperature. The in vitro stability of NODThia-PSMA in human plasma was assessed by ligand-challenge and copper-exchange experiments. Next, we investigated the viability of the photoactivatable analog (NODThia-PEG3-ArN3) for the light-induced photoradiosynthesis of radiolabeled proteins. One-pot photoconjugation reactions to human serum albumin (HSA) as a model protein and the clinically relevant monoclonal antibody formulation MetMAb were performed. [64Cu]Cu-7-azepin-HSA and [64Cu]Cu-7-azepin-onartuzumab were prepared in less than 15 min by irradiation at 395 nm, with radiochemical purities (RCP) of >95% and radiochemical yields (RCYs) of 42.7 ± 5.3 and 49.6%, respectively. Together, the results obtained here open the way for the development of highly stable 64Cu-radiopharmaceuticals by using aza-heterocyclic tacn-based chelators, and the method can easily be extended to the development of 67Cu radiopharmaceuticals for future applications in molecularly targeted radio(immuno)therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Hierlmeier
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University - Medical Center, Kirrberger Str. 100, Building 50, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Amaury Guillou
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Caen, Cyceron, Bd Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Daniel F Earley
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Linden
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jason P Holland
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark D Bartholomä
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University - Medical Center, Kirrberger Str. 100, Building 50, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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Sanad MH, Gizawy MA, Motaleb MA, Ibrahim IT, Saad EA. A Comparative Study of Stannous Chloride and Sodium Borohydride as Reducing Agents for the Radiolabeling of 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-Octaethyl-21H,23H-Porphine with Technetium-99m for Tumor Imaging. RADIOCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1066362221040159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Gizawy MA, El-Tahawy MMT, Motaleb MA. Radiosynthesis, molecular modeling and biodistribution of 99mTc-Protoporphyrin as a preclinical model for tumor diagnosis. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424620500352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins are among the most important and widely used compounds involved in a variety of chemical and biochemical applications. These molecules exhibit very special properties that encourage researchers to label many derivatives with diagnostic or therapeutic radionuclides for medical applications. This study reports the radiolabeling and biodistribution of [Formula: see text]Tc-protoporphyrin IX ([Formula: see text]Tc-PPIX) as a novel potential solid-tumor imaging agent. The factors affecting the radiolabeling process were varied to achieve maximum radiochemical yield. [Formula: see text]Tc-PPIX was obtained in high yield of 97.34 ± 0.21% and high stability in serum up to 24 h. The radiochemical yield of [Formula: see text]Tc-PPIX was assessed by a combination of a paper chromatographic technique and HPLC. A computational analysis for all the potential structures that may be formed due to the interaction between protoporphyrin IX and technetium was performed via the DFT method of calculations in gas phase to predict the most likely structure. Molecular docking was further employed to shed light on the nature of the interaction between the most stable complexes with the target protein. Finally, the in-vivo biodistribution of [Formula: see text]Tc-PPIX complex was evaluated in solid-tumor-bearing mice and high tumor/tissue ratio of 5.17 ± 0.34 at 60 min post injection was obtained. Our finding clearly suggests [Formula: see text]Tc-PPIX as a potential SPECT agent for tumor imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Gizawy
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Labs Center, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt
- Radioisotopes Production Facility (RPF), Egyptian Second Research Reactor (ETRR-2), Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed A. Motaleb
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Labs Center, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt
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Guleria M, Kumar C, Das T, Amirdhanayagam J, Sharma R, Sarma HD, Dash A. Studies towards elucidating the potential of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis( p-carboxy-methyleneoxyphenyl)porphyrin as a theranostic agent for applications in PET and PDT. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:657-666. [PMID: 30108956 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00433h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins, owing to their inherent tendency to accumulate in tumorous lesions, are considered suitable for developing agents for theranostic applications involving tumor diagnosis and targeted tumor therapy. The aim of the present work is to study the potential of a porphyrin derivative namely, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(p-carboxymethyleneoxyphenyl)porphyrin (SPTA) as a theranostic agent for applications in positron emission tomography (PET) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). SPTA was synthesized in-house following a three-step reaction process and characterized by using spectroscopic techniques, viz. UV-vis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, as well as by mass spectrometry. SPTA was labeled with 68Ga, a generator produced PET radioisotope, and the radiolabeled product was characterized by HPLC. The 68Ga-SPTA complex was prepared with a radiochemical purity of >95% under optimized conditions. The diagnostic potential of 68Ga-SPTA was evaluated by cell uptake studies in two different tumor cell lines (HT1080 and A549) which revealed the affinity of 68Ga-SPTA towards the cancer cells. Biodistribution studies carried out in Swiss mice bearing fibrosarcoma tumors exhibited the accumulation of the radiotracer in the tumor. The therapeutic potential of SPTA was evaluated by determining its photo-cytotoxicity employing the MTT assay in HT1080 and A549 cell lines using three different light doses, which indicated the significant cytotoxicity of SPTA in the presence of light. The present study indicates the possible potential of SPTA in radionuclide imaging as well as in photodynamic therapy (PDT) thus confirming the promising theranostic nature of this porphyrin derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohini Guleria
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Chandan Kumar
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613.,Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai - 400094 , India
| | - Jeyachitra Amirdhanayagam
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Haladhar D Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613.,Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai - 400094 , India
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Parveen I, Ahmed N, Idrees D, Khan P, Hassan MI. Synthesis, estrogen receptor binding affinity and molecular docking of pyrimidine-piperazine-chromene and -quinoline conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4493-4499. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Synthesis and characterization of novel water-soluble 117mSn labeled porphyrin conjugates. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Motaleb MA, Nassar MY. Preparation, molecular modeling and biodistribution of 99mTc-phytochlorin complex. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-2920-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Waghorn PA. Radiolabelled porphyrins in nuclear medicine. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2013; 57:304-9. [PMID: 24353174 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Amongst tumour-specific substances, hematoporphyrin and synthetic porphyrin derivatives have been widely investigated to identify and delineate neoplastic and malignant tissue. Whilst the tumour localization exhibited by selected porphyrin species has been exploited through photodynamic therapy, several examples of porphyrin derivatives with varied peripheral functionality have been radiolabelled with the aim of developing porphyrin-based nuclear imaging and therapeutic agents. In this review, we look at the approaches and advances in the preparation and uses of such radiolabelled agents for imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Waghorn
- CR-UK/MRC Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK; Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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Preparation, nano purification, quality control and labeling optimization of [64Cu]-5,10,15,20-tetrakis (penta fluoro phenyl) porphyrin complex as a possible imaging agent. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-012-1885-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chakraborty S, Das T, Sarma HD, Banerjee S. Effect of lipophilicity on biological properties of 109Pd-porphyrin complexes: a preliminary investigation. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424611004427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study is designed to investigate the effect of lipophilicity of 109Pd-porphyrin complexes on their biological properties which were evaluated in tumor-bearing animal model. The insight obtained could be utilized to develop other radiometalated porphyrin complexes with optimum tumor uptake and tumor to background ratio as potential agents for targeted tumor therapy. 109Pd was produced by thermal neutron bombardment on enriched (in 109Pd) metallic palladium target at a flux of 3 × 1013 n/cm2.s for 3 d. 109Pd complexes of three different porphyrin derivatives, namely, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[3,4- bis(carboxymethyleneoxy)phenyl]porphyrin(I), 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[3,4-bis(carboethoxymethyleneoxy)phenyl]porphyrin(II) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[4-carboxymethyleneoxyphenyl]porphyrin(III), which differ in their peripheral substituents, were synthesized. The biological behavior of the complexes was studied in Swiss mice bearing fibrosarcoma tumors. 109Pd was produced with a specific activity of ~1.85 GBq/mg (50 mCi/mg) and radionuclidic purity of 100%. All the 109Pd complexes were obtained in high yield (>97%) and they exhibited satisfactory in vitro stability at room temperature. The lipophilicity of the complexes follows the order 109Pd-II ≫ 109Pd-III > 109Pd-I. Biodistribution studies revealed that the most lipophilic 109Pd-II complex exhibited highest initial tumor uptake but poor tumor/liver ratio, while 109Pd-III complex exhibited the best tumor/liver ratio with reasonably good tumor accumulation. The lipophilicity of 109Pd-porphyrin complexes was found to have considerable effect on their biological characteristics and radiometal-porphyrin complexes with optimum tumor uptake and adequately high tumor to background ratio could be synthesized by optimization of the lipophilicity through proper selection of peripheral substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Chakraborty
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - Haladhar D. Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - Sharmila Banerjee
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
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Yang Y, Song H, Song H, Zhao W, Pu M. Preparation of 99mTc(CO)3-TPPS4 and its biological behavior evaluation. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424611003240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
99mTc(CO)3-TPPS4 was prepared via the precursor [99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ and a preliminary investigation on its stability and behavior in Hep2 tumor cells and hepatoma-bearing mice were conducted. Labeling yield and stability of 99mTc(CO)3-TPPS4 was radioactively analyzed by paper chromatography. Hep2 tumor cells were incubated with 99mTc(CO)3-TPPS4 complex system in the substrate and isolated from the substrate for radioactivity count. Then 99mTc(CO)3-TPPS4 complex system was intravenously injected in hepatoma-bearing mice and directly injected in tumor tissue of the mice. Mice were photographed using SPECT. Labeling yields of 99mTc(CO)3-TPPS4 were more than 90% at pH = 7–8, 30 min, in a boiling bath, and it was stable for at least 14 h at pH = 2–8, rt ~95 °C. The uptake of 99mTc(CO)3-TPPS4 in HepG2 tumor cells was only 3–4% with the maximum uptake-time of 20 min. The SPECT images of hepatoma-bearing nude mice showed no uptake or little retention of 99mTc(CO)3-TPPS4 in the tumor tissue. Then the differences between 99mTc(CO)3-TPPS4 and TPPS4 were analyzed by fluoroscopy and molecular structure. It was found that the paper chromatography, HepG2 tumor cell uptake and the optimized porphyrin ring conformation of 99mTc(CO)3-TPPS4 were quite different from those of TPPS4. It was indicated that 99mTc(CO)3-TPPS4 had no uptake or little retention in hepatic tumors, unlike those biological behaviors of TPPS4. This may be due to the modification of porphyrin ring conformation of TPPS4 by 99mTc(CO)3 core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Yang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
| | - Hu Song
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
| | - Hongtao Song
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Manfei Pu
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
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Das T, Chakraborty S, Sarma HD, Banerjee S, Venakatesh M. A novel 177Lu-labeled porphyrin for possible use in targeted tumor therapy. Nucl Med Biol 2010; 37:655-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2010.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sarma HD, Das T, Banerjee S, Venkatesh M, Vidyasagar PB, Mishra KP. Biologic Evaluation of a Novel 188Re-Labeled Porphyrin in Mice Tumor Model. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2010; 25:47-54. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2009.0675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haladhar D. Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Sharmila Banerjee
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Meera Venkatesh
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Kaushala P. Mishra
- Radiation and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Life Science, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
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Excitation functions of proton induced reactions on68Zn from threshold up to 71 MeV, with specific reference to the production of67Cu. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2002.90.6.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe excitation function of the68Zn(p, 2p)67Cu reaction was measured radiochemically up to a proton energy of 71 MeV to obtain accurate data for production of the therapy related β−-emitting radioisotope67Cu (T1/2= 61.9 h). Investigations were also made on the (p, 2n) and (p, 3n) reactions on68Zn. The experimental cross sections of the68Zn(p, 2p)67Cu,68Zn(p, 2n)67Ga and68Zn(p, 3n)66Ga reactions were compared with published data and with theoretical predictions based on the hybrid-precompound model ALICE-IPPE. Thick target yields of67Cu,67Ga (T1/2= 78.3 h) and66Ga (T1/2= 9.4 h) were calculated. Production of67Cu is feasible only at proton energies above 50 MeV. For the target thicknessEp= 70 → 50 MeV, the yield of67Cu amounts to 16.9 MBq/µA·h.
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Abstract
Endoradiotherapy (targeted radionuclide therapy) is a systemic approach, involving a radiolabeled targeting vector with a well characterized biochemical strategy to selectively deliver a cytotoxic level of radiation to a disease site on a cellular/molecular level. The group of radiolanthanides has been considered both for imaging and therapy over many years. Some radiolanthanides have been and are increasingly applied for therapeutic purposes.
However, the clinical use of endoradiotherapeuticals containing radiolanthanides requires a complex and interdisciplinary approach. It involves, among other factors, the choice of the most suitable lanthanide radionuclide (in terms of nuclear decay parameters such as type and energy of the particles emitted, half-life, decay products etc.); the identification of the most promising production route; the determination of the relevant production parameters such as excitation functions, nuclear reaction yields, radionuclidic purities, specific activities etc.; the chemical isolation of the radiolanthanide produced from the target material (except the (n, γ) production route); the synthesis of the labelling precursor, and labelling of the precursor and the chemical purification and isolation of the labelled radiotherapeutical, ready for i.v. injection; and finally the investigation of pharmacological targeting parameters of the labelled radiotherapeutical in vitro and in vivo (animal experiments).
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Nayak TK, Brechbiel MW. Radioimmunoimaging with longer-lived positron-emitting radionuclides: potentials and challenges. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:825-41. [PMID: 19125647 PMCID: PMC3397469 DOI: 10.1021/bc800299f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Radioimmunoimaging and therapy has been an area of interest for several decades. Steady progress has been made toward clinical translation of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies for diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Tremendous advances have been made in imaging technologies such as positron emission tomography (PET). However, these advances have so far eluded routine translation into clinical radioimmunoimaging applications due to the mismatch between the short half-lives of routinely used positron-emitting radionuclides such as (18)F versus the pharmacokinetics of most intact monoclonal antibodies of interest. The lack of suitable positron-emitting radionuclides that match the pharmacokinetics of intact antibodies has generated interest in exploring the use of longer-lived positron emitters that are more suitable for radioimmunoimaging and dosimetry applications with intact monoclonal antibodies. In this review, we examine the opportunities and challenges of radioimmunoimaging with select longer-lived positron-emitting radionuclides such as (124)I, (89)Zr, and (86)Y with respect to radionuclide production, ease of radiolabeling intact antibodies, imaging characteristics, radiation dosimetry, and clinical translation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan K. Nayak
- Radioimmune & Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD-20892, USA
| | - Martin W. Brechbiel
- Radioimmune & Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD-20892, USA
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Lee JH, Moon BS, Lee TS, Chi DY, Chun KS, Cheon GJ. Short Commmunication: Synthesis and Biologic Evaluation of I-123-Labeled Porphyrin Derivative as a Potential Tumor-Imaging Agent. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2007; 22:853-62. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2007.354-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hak Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Inchon, Korea
| | - Byung Seok Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Inchon, Korea
- Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Sup Lee
- Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Yoon Chi
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Inchon, Korea
| | - Kwon Soo Chun
- Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gi Jeong Cheon
- Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
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Ahmed N, Dubuc C, Rousseau J, Bénard F, van Lier JE. Synthesis, characterization, and estrogen receptor binding affinity of flavone-, indole-, and furan-estradiol conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:3212-6. [PMID: 17379515 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2007] [Revised: 03/06/2007] [Accepted: 03/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Different flavone-, indole-, and furan-17beta-estradiol conjugates, linked via alkyl spacer chains extending from the 17alpha-position of the estradiol moiety, were synthesized by Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Structures were assigned based on spectroscopic data. In vitro competitive binding assays for the estrogen receptor (alpha-ER), using [(3)H]estradiol (RBA=100) as a competitor, revealed that a two-carbon alkyl linker combined with a flavone conjugate provided the highest binding affinity (RBA approximately 9), warranting further studies on their potential use as selective estrogen-receptor modulators (SERMs) for hormone-replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseem Ahmed
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4
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Borbas KE, Mroz P, Hamblin MR, Lindsey JS. Bioconjugatable porphyrins bearing a compact swallowtail motif for water solubility. Bioconjug Chem 2006; 17:638-53. [PMID: 16704201 PMCID: PMC3072562 DOI: 10.1021/bc050337w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A broad range of applications requires access to water-soluble, bioconjugatable porphyrins. Branched alkyl groups attached at the branching site to the porphyrin meso position are known to impart high organic solubility. Such "swallowtail" motifs bearing a polar group (hydroxy, dihydroxyphosphoryl, dihydroxyphosphoryloxy) at the terminus of each branch have now been incorporated at a meso site in trans-AB-porphyrins. The incorporation of the swallowtail motif relies on rational synthetic methods whereby a 1,9-bis(N-propylimino)dipyrromethane (bearing a bioconjugatable tether at the 5-position) is condensed with a dipyrromethane (bearing a protected 1,5-dihydroxypent-3-yl unit at the 5-position). The two hydroxy groups in the swallowtail motif of each of the resulting zinc porphyrins can be transformed to the corresponding diphosphate or diphosphonate product. A 4-(carboxymethyloxy)phenyl group provides the bioconjugatable tether. The six such porphyrins reported here are highly water-soluble (> or =20 mM at room temperature in water at pH 7) as determined by visual inspection, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, or 1H NMR spectroscopy. Covalent attachment was carried out in aqueous solution with the unprotected porphyrin diphosphonate and a monoclonal antibody against the T-cell receptor CD3epsilon. The resulting conjugate performed comparably to a commercially available fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled antibody with Jurkat cells in flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy assays. Taken together, this work enables preparation of useful quantities of water-soluble, bioconjugatable porphyrins in a compact architecture for applications in the life sciences.
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Cutler CS, Smith CJ, Ehrhardt GJ, Tyler TT, Jurisson SS, Deutsch E. Current and potential therapeutic uses of lanthanide radioisotopes. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2000; 15:531-45. [PMID: 11190486 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2000.15.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 25 years, diagnostic nuclear medicine has come to depend on the versatile chemistry of a single radioisotope, technetium-99m (Tc-99m). Different chelating molecules can be used to guide Tc-99m through various physiological pathways in the body to gain information about disease states. No single radioisotope similarly dominates therapeutic applications. In the field of radioisotope therapy, much discussion and debate have focused on what radioisotope might be "ideal" for treatment of malignant tumors. The ideal may not be a single radioisotope, but rather the class of very closely related radiolanthanides and lanthanide-like radioisotopes. These radioisotopes possess strikingly similar chemistries and thus all may be conjugated to biomolecules using a single chelate, the DOTA moiety (and its chemical analogs). They also provide a wide range of physical characteristics, such as half-lives and beta energies, that can be chosen to match the biological properties of the conjugated biomolecule and the malignant tumor. Thus, the radiolanthanide-DOTA bioconjugate model provides a set of physically diverse, but chemically very similar, therapeutic radiopharmaceutical agents, the individual members of which can be tailored to treat specific types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Cutler
- University of Missouri Research Reactor, Research Park Drive, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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James DA, Swamy N, Paz N, Hanson RN, Ray R. Synthesis and estrogen receptor binding affinity of a porphyrin-estradiol conjugate for targeted photodynamic therapy of cancer. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:2379-84. [PMID: 10476873 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A tetraphenylporphyrin-C11-beta-estradiol conjugate has been synthesized. Competitive binding assay of the conjugate with estrogen receptor (ER)-ligand-binding domain showed that the conjugate binds specifically to the protein with high affinity. Potential use of this conjugate to selectively deliver cytotoxic porphyrins to ER-positive cells in various carcinomas is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A James
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, MA 02118, USA
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