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Askari Lasaki B, Maurer P, Schönberger H. An integrated physical-chemical system for concurrent carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus removal in municipal wastewater treatment plants. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141311. [PMID: 38281602 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
A substantial quantity of suspended solids (SS) present in municipal wastewater leads to the swift depletion of the ion exchange (IE) capacity of natural zeolites like Clinoptilolite (CIO). This limitation has become the primary factor contributing to the limited adoption of the IE technique within municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, an extensive lab-scale and pilot-scale study conducted over approximately one year has made it possible to efficiently apply the IE system using CIO (main grain size of 0.5-1.0 mm) upstream of the primary sedimentation tank (PST). The primary treated wastewater (PTWW) was introduced to the IE system either by pre-straining or without any pre-treatment. The IE system's capabilities for removing total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and phosphorus (P) while primarily focusing on ammonium (NH4+) recovery were undergone for a detailed investigation. Frequent backwashing, involving intermittent water and air injection, was used to mitigate clogging as the main problem of the IE system for treating PTWW. The results revealed a mean removal efficiency of 85 %, 60 %, 50 %, and 30 % for NH4+, TSS, TCOD, and total phosphorus (TP), respectively, per cycle exclusively for the IE system. As the system scaled up, a substantial reduction was observed in the adsorption capacity, shifting from approximately 12 to 1 g NH4+ (kgCIO)-1. Despite this drawback, the study's finding showed that prolonged treatment of PTWW for NH4+ removal and recovery in municipal WWTPs, besides substantially reducing carbonaceous pollutants, is applicable. Implementing this application will not only decrease the biological treatment costs for municipal wastewater but also yield valuable by-products, such as NH4Cl, which can serve as a foundational material for the production of ammonium chloride fertilizer. Therefore, transitioning to IE systems in municipal WWTPs will diminish the reliance on resource-intensive methods like the Harber-Bosch procedure for producing nitrogen fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Askari Lasaki
- Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management (ISWA), University of Stuttgart, Bandtäle 2, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Peter Maurer
- Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management (ISWA), University of Stuttgart, Bandtäle 2, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Harald Schönberger
- Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management (ISWA), University of Stuttgart, Bandtäle 2, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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2
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Mayor Á, Reig M, Vecino X, Cortina JL, Valderrama C. Advanced Hybrid System for Ammonium Valorization as Liquid Fertilizer from Treated Urban Wastewaters: Validation of Natural Zeolites Pretreatment and Liquid-Liquid Membrane Contactors at Pilot Plant Scale. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:580. [PMID: 37367784 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13060580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates a hybrid system combining zeolites as a sorption stage and a hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC) for ammonia (NH3) recovery from treated urban wastewater. Ion exchange with zeolites was selected as an advanced pretreatment and concentration step before the HFMC. The system was tested with wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent (mainstream, 50 mg N-NH4/L) and anaerobic digestion centrates (sidestream, 600-800 mg N-NH4/L) from another WWTP. Natural zeolite, primarily clinoptilolite, demonstrated effective desorption of retained ammonium using a 2% NaOH solution in a closed-loop configuration, resulting in an ammonia-rich brine that enabled over 95% NH3 recovery using polypropylene HFMCs. A 1 m3/h demonstration plant processed both urban wastewaters, which were pretreated by ultrafiltration, removing over 90% of suspended solids and 60-65% of COD. The 2% NaOH regeneration brines (2.4-5.6 g N-NH4/L) were treated in a closed-loop HFMC pilot system, producing 10-15% N streams with potential use as liquid fertilizers. The resulting ammonium nitrate was free of heavy metals and organic micropollutants, making it suitable for use as liquid fertilizer. This comprehensive N management solution for urban wastewater applications can contribute to local economies while achieving reduced N discharge and circularity goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Mayor
- CETaqua, Carretera d'Esplugues, 75, 08940 Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Mònica Reig
- Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE) Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)-BarcelonaTECH, C/Eduard Maristany 10-14, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xanel Vecino
- CINTECX, Chemical Engineering Department, Campus as Lagoas-Marcosende, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - José Luis Cortina
- CETaqua, Carretera d'Esplugues, 75, 08940 Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain
- Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE) Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)-BarcelonaTECH, C/Eduard Maristany 10-14, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - César Valderrama
- Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE) Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)-BarcelonaTECH, C/Eduard Maristany 10-14, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Mahmoud RH, Wang Z, He Z. Production of algal biomass on electrochemically recovered nutrients from anaerobic digestion centrate. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zheng X, Jiang N, Zheng H, Wu Y, Heijman SG. Predicting adsorption isotherms of organic micropollutants by high-silica zeolite mixtures. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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5
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Worldwide Research Analysis on Natural Zeolites as Environmental Remediation Materials. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13116378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Society faces a significant problem in regards to the spread of harmful products in the environment, primarily caused by accelerated growth and resource consumption. Consequently, there is a need for materials to be processed in less harmful ways and to remedy the contaminated sources they generate. Microporous materials have been studied for a long time and are used in waste treatment alternatives. Natural zeolites, on which this study is based, are attractive to the scientific and technological communities, due to their numerous applications as decontaminants and adsorption properties. This study analyzes the intellectual structures of publications related to natural zeolites in environmental remediation, using bibliometric methods to determine their volumes and trends. The methodology comprises of an analysis based on 1582 articles, using VOSviewer software, with data from 1974 to 2020, via the Scopus database. Results reflect a notable increase in publications from the end of the 1990s; the greatest contribution in the area comes from Eurasian countries. The study considers that development in this line of research will continue to increase and serve as a great contribution to preserve the environment in coming years, with themes that focus on water treatment (e.g., drinking water, wastewater, greywater), removal of heavy metals, ammonium, ammonia, and construction.
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Fronczyk J, Markowska-Lech K. Treatment efficiency of synthetic urban runoff by low-cost mineral materials under various flow conditions and in the presence of salt: Possibilities and limitations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:145199. [PMID: 33736397 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Urban runoff belongs to important carriers of pollutants that during infiltration can accumulate in the soil/water environment. One of the protection solutions may be the enhancement of infiltration systems by horizontal permeable treatment zones. The article presents the results of column tests carried out in order to determine (1) the influence of the hydraulic loading rate on the dynamic capacities of selected reactive materials: low-cost mineral materials (zeolite, limestone sand, halloysite) and reference material (activated carbon), and control soils (topsoil and Vistula sand) against Zn, NH4+ and PO43-, and (2) remobilization of contaminants under the influence of salt (NaCl 5 g/L) present in synthetic runoff water. The research has revealed that the most useful for the removal of zinc ions was limestone sand (>4.36 mg/g), of orthophosphates - halloysite (2.29 mg/g on the average), and of ammonium ions - zeolite (2.75 mg/g on the average). The control soils were characterized by low ability to immobilize the contaminants tested. In addition, increase in the hydraulic loading rate of synthetic runoff water reduced the dynamic capacity of materials to a variable degree depending on the material applied and the contamination removed (by 24% for limestone sand-PO43- system to 95% for activated carbon-NH4+ system). The presence of NaCl caused significant leaching of ammonium ions from zeolite and halloysite filter beds (up to 99.3%), and phosphates from the activated carbon filter bed (up to 41.3%). All tracer contaminants tested leached intensively from the Vistula sand filter bed, while only ammonium ions leached from the topsoil filter bed. It seems justified to support the performance of infiltration systems by layers of: limestone sand, to enhance the processes of heavy metal precipitation and ammonium ion volatilization by increasing the pH, and halloysite for the sorption of phosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fronczyk
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw 02-776, Poland.
| | - K Markowska-Lech
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw 02-776, Poland
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7
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Lin H, Ma R, Lin J, Sun S, Liu X, Zhang P. Positive effects of zeolite powder on aerobic granulation: Nitrogen and phosphorus removal and insights into the interaction mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110098. [PMID: 32861725 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge is considered one of the most promising biological wastewater treatment technologies of the 21st century. However, the long granulation time and poor treatment effect on N and P have severely limited its popularity and large-scale application. In this study, we systematically examine the strengthening effects of zeolite powder on granulation, N and P removal, and their interaction mechanisms. The addition of zeolite powder decreased sludge granulation time to 18 d, and improved average N and P removal rates by 4.48% and 2.22%, respectively. The multi-pore and nutrient-rich environment of the zeolite powder is beneficial for maintaining microbial activity and granular stability. Moreover, its adsorption to N and P enriches their respective removal strains, improving their removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihua Lin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Rui Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Junhao Lin
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Shichang Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; Research Center for Water Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518055, China.
| | - Xiangli Liu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Aerospace Detection and Imaging, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Peixin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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Ye Y, Jiao J, Kang D, Jiang W, Kang J, Ngo HH, Guo W, Liu Y. The adsorption of phosphate using a magnesia-pullulan composite: kinetics, equilibrium, and column tests. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:13299-13310. [PMID: 30895548 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04858-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A magnesia-pullulan (MgOP) composite has been developed to remove phosphate from a synthetic solution. In the present study, the removal of phosphate by MgOP was evaluated in both a batch and dynamic system. The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. In addition, the adsorption isotherms, thermodynamics, and kinetics were also investigated. The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. Analysis of the adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated that the phosphate removal process was endothermic and spontaneous. Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. The results suggest that the adsorption of phosphate on MgOP was improved using an increased bed mass, while the reaction temperature did not significantly affect the performance of the MgOP bed during the phosphate removal process. Furthermore, higher influent phosphate concentrations were beneficial towards increasing the column adsorption capacity for phosphate. Several mathematic models, including the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models, were employed to fit the fixed-bed data. In addition, the effluent concentration of magnesium ions was measured and the regeneration of MgOP investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyao Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Jie Jiao
- Wisdri City Environmental Protection Engineering Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dejun Kang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianxiong Kang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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Han Z, Dong J, Shen Z, Mou R, Zhou Y, Chen X, Fu X, Yang C. Nitrogen removal of anaerobically digested swine wastewater by pilot-scale tidal flow constructed wetland based on in-situ biological regeneration of zeolite. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 217:364-373. [PMID: 30419390 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dispersed swine wastewater has increasingly aggravated water pollution in China. Anaerobically digested dispersed swine wastewater was targeted and treated by a pilot-scale zoning tidal flow constructed wetland (TFCW) with a bottom wastewater saturation layer. The long-term application of in-situ biological regeneration of biozeolite, nitrogen removal performance, nitrogen removal pathways and microbial community of TFCW were investigated. Results showed that with the surface loads of 0.079, 0.022 and 0.024 kg/(m2·d), TFCW could decrease COD, NH4N and TN by 84.75%, 74.13% and 67.13% respectively. Influent COD, NH4N, TN and nitrates/nitrites produced by bioregeneration of NH4N were mostly removed in zeolite layer and the remaining nitrates/nitrites could be further denitrified in bottom saturation layer. Theory of dynamic process of rapid-adsorption and bioregeneration for NH4N removal was proposed. When this process reached dynamic equilibrium, the mass of adsorbed NH4N onto zeolites remained relatively stable. When ambient temperature decreased to 16 °C, TFCW could still remove COD, NH4N and TN by 73.79%, 72.99% and 70.71% with the surface loads of 0.103, 0.056 and 0.054 kg/(m2·d) respectively. Nitrification-denitrification which accounted for 80.32% of TN removal was the main nitrogen removal pathway. Dominant nitrifiers (Nitrosospira and Rhizomicrobium) and denitrifiers (Ottowia, Thauera and Rhodanobacteria) in biozeolite layer verified the existence of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Han
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Jing Dong
- Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
| | - Rui Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; Institute of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
| | - Xuemin Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiaoyong Fu
- Institute of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Chunping Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
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Nguyen LH, Vu TM, Le TT, Trinh VT, Tran TP, Van HT. Ammonium removal from aqueous solutions by fixed-bed column using corncob-based modified biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:683-692. [PMID: 29161983 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1404134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential of removing ammonium ([Formula: see text]) from aqueous solutions using corncob based on modified biochar (MBCC) in the fixed-bed column. Corncob biochar was soaked in a mixture of HNO3 6.0 M and NaOH 0.3 M to prepare active binding sites for ammonium removal. The effect of initial ammonium concentrations (10-40 mg/L), flow rates (1-9 mL/min) and MBCC fixed-bed heights (8-24 cm) on the breakthrough characteristics of the adsorption system were studied. The results showed that the highest adsorption capacity of fix-bed column, the breakthrough time and value of Ct/Co were 12.83 mg/g, 480 min and 0.862 ± 0.025 at 10 mg/L of initial ammonium concentration, 8 cm of MBCC fixed-bed height and 3 mL/min of flow rate, respectively. The breakthrough curve model in this study also indicated that all Yoon-Nelson, Thomas and Adam-Bohart models well fit with the experimental data with a high R2. The results also proved that MBCC can be used as a potential adsorbent for eliminating [Formula: see text] in the fixed-bed column. The saturated MBCC was also regenerated and reused consecutively for four cycles. The usage of mixture of NaOH and NaCl in recovering MBCC was better than NaCl only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Huong Nguyen
- a Faculty of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering , Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry (HUFI) , Ho Chi Minh City , Viet Nam
| | - Thi Mai Vu
- b Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment , Ha Noi , Viet Nam
| | - Thi Trinh Le
- b Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment , Ha Noi , Viet Nam
| | - Van Tuyen Trinh
- c Institute of Environmental Technology (IET) , Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Ha Noi , Viet Nam
| | - Thi Pha Tran
- d Faculty of Environment , Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry , Thai Nguyen city , Viet Nam
| | - Huu Tap Van
- e Faculty of Environment and Earth Science , Thai Nguyen University of Sciences (TNUS) , Thai Nguyen city , Viet Nam
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Aponte-Morales VE, Payne KA, Cunningham JA, Ergas SJ. Bioregeneration of Chabazite During Nitrification of Centrate from Anaerobically Digested Livestock Waste: Experimental and Modeling Studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:4090-4098. [PMID: 29505257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitrification of high total ammonia nitrogen-strength wastewaters is challenging due to free ammonia (FA) inhibition of nitrification. FA inhibition can potentially be alleviated by temporarily adsorbing ammonium (NH4+) to natural zeolite, such as chabazite, followed by direct zeolite bioregeneration via nitrification. In this research, the effectiveness of chabazite addition for reducing nitrification inhibition during treatment of centrate from anaerobic digestion of swine waste was quantified. A mathematical model was developed that accounts for ion exchange of NH4+ and sodium at the chabazite surface, surface diffusion of adsorbed NH4+ within the chabazite grains, sequential nitrification of aqueous NH4+ to nitrite and nitrate, and inhibition of nitritation and nitratation rates by NH4+. The model was calibrated using results of abiotic ion exchange and nitrification studies. Subsequently, nitrification tests were carried out with synthetic wastewater with a NH4+-N concentration of 1000 mg L-1, with and without chabazite. A chabazite dose of 150 g L-1 decreased the FA concentration to below the inhibitory level and increased the nitrification rate from 0.16 to 0.36 mg-N (g-VSS)-1 h-1. Following calibration, the model could predict the experimental data with no additional fitting parameters or parameter adjustment, in both the presence and absence of chabazite. The results suggest that the mathematical model provides a theoretically sound conceptual understanding of ion exchange assisted nitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica E Aponte-Morales
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Karl A Payne
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Jeffrey A Cunningham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Sarina J Ergas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
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12
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Huang J, Kankanamge NR, Chow C, Welsh DT, Li T, Teasdale PR. Removing ammonium from water and wastewater using cost-effective adsorbents: A review. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 63:174-197. [PMID: 29406102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium is an important nutrient in primary production; however, high ammonium loads can cause eutrophication of natural waterways, contributing to undesirable changes in water quality and ecosystem structure. While ammonium pollution comes from diffuse agricultural sources, making control difficult, industrial or municipal point sources such as wastewater treatment plants also contribute significantly to overall ammonium pollution. These latter sources can be targeted more readily to control ammonium release into water systems. To assist policy makers and researchers in understanding the diversity of treatment options and the best option for their circumstance, this paper produces a comprehensive review of existing treatment options for ammonium removal with a particular focus on those technologies which offer the highest rates of removal and cost-effectiveness. Ion exchange and adsorption material methods are simple to apply, cost-effective, environmentally friendly technologies which are quite efficient at removing ammonium from treated water. The review presents a list of adsorbents from the literature, their adsorption capacities and other parameters needed for ammonium removal. Further, the preparation of adsorbents with high ammonium removal capacities and new adsorbents is discussed in the context of their relative cost, removal efficiencies, and limitations. Efficient, cost-effective, and environmental friendly adsorbents for the removal of ammonium on a large scale for commercial or water treatment plants are provided. In addition, future perspectives on removing ammonium using adsorbents are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyin Huang
- Natural and Built Environments Research Centre, School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, SA 5095, Australia; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, SA 5095, Australia; Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, QLD 4215, Australia.
| | - Nadeeka Rathnayake Kankanamge
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Christopher Chow
- Natural and Built Environments Research Centre, School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, SA 5095, Australia; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, SA 5095, Australia
| | - David T Welsh
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Tianling Li
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Peter R Teasdale
- Natural and Built Environments Research Centre, School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, SA 5095, Australia; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, SA 5095, Australia
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Krakat N, Demirel B, Anjum R, Dietz D. Methods of ammonia removal in anaerobic digestion: a review. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 76:1925-1938. [PMID: 29068325 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic digestion of substrates with high ammonia content has always been a bottleneck in the methanisation process of biomasses. Since microbial communities in anaerobic digesters are sensitive to free ammonia at certain conditions, the digestion of nitrogen-rich substrates such as livestock wastes may result in inhibition/toxicity eventually leading to process failures, unless appropriate engineering precautions are taken. There are many different options reported in literature to remove ammonia from anaerobic digesters to achieve a safe and stable process so that along with high methane yields, a good quality of effluents can also be obtained. Conventional techniques to remove ammonia include physical/chemical methods, immobilization and adaptation of microorganisms, while novel methods include ultrasonication, microwave, hollow fiber membranes and microbial fuel cell applications. This paper discusses conventional and novel methods of ammonia removal from anaerobic digesters using nitrogen-rich substrates, with particular focus on recent literature available about this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niclas Krakat
- Department of Bioprocess-Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bio-Economy Potsdam, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany E-mail: ; Department of Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Lohbrügger Kirchstraße 65, 21033 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Burak Demirel
- Institute of Environmental Science, Boğaziçi University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Reshma Anjum
- Department of Bioprocess-Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bio-Economy Potsdam, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany E-mail:
| | - Donna Dietz
- Department of Bioprocess-Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bio-Economy Potsdam, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany E-mail:
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Cheng Q, Li H, Xu Y, Chen S, Liao Y, Deng F, Li J. Study on the adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus from biogas slurry by NaCl-modified zeolite. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176109. [PMID: 28542420 PMCID: PMC5438112 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A NaCl-modified zeolite was used to simultaneously remove nitrogen and phosphate from biogas slurry. The effect of pH, contact time and dosage of absorbants on the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphate were studied. The results showed that the highest removal efficiency of NH4+-N (92.13%) and PO43−-P (90.3%) were achieved at pH 8. While the zeolite doses ranged from 0.5 to 5 g/100 ml, NH4+-N and PO43−-P removal efficiencies ranged from 5.19% to 94.94% and 72.16% to 91.63% respectively. The adsorption isotherms of N and P removal with NaCl-modified zeolite were well described by Langmuir models, suggesting the homogeneous sorption mechanisms. While through intra-particle diffusion model to analyze the influence of contact time, it showed that the adsorption process of NH4+-N and PO43−-P followed the second step of intra-particle diffusion model. The surface diffusion adsorption step was very fast which was finished in a short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunpeng Cheng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Hongxia Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yilu Xu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Advanced Technology Centre, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Song Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yuhua Liao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Fang Deng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jianfen Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, PR China
- * E-mail:
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15
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Kizito S, Wu S, Wandera SM, Guo L, Dong R. Evaluation of ammonium adsorption in biochar-fixed beds for treatment of anaerobically digested swine slurry: Experimental optimization and modeling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 563-564:1095-1104. [PMID: 27241205 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Fixed-bed column experiments were performed to investigate the effect of influent concentration, flow rate, and adsorbent bed depth on ammonium adsorption from anaerobically digested swine slurry using three types of biochar made from corncobs (MCB), hardwood (WB), and mixed sawdust pellets (MSB). WB performed better than the other two biochar types with a maximum sorption capacity of 67-114mg/g due to its superior surface area and larger pore volume. Ammonium adsorption kinetics and dynamics depended on the influent NH4(+)-N concentration, applied inflow flow rate, and the depth of the fixed bed. Maximum sorption capacities under influent NH4(+)-N concentration of 500mg/L, were identified to be 114.2mg/g, 108.9mg/g, and 24.7mg/g at inflow rate of 15mL/min for WB, MCB, and MSB, respectively. The data shows that using deeper beds and applying lower flow rates could be a better strategy to increase ammonium adsorption in biochar-fixed beds. Moreover, three kinetic models (Thomas, Adams-Bohart (BDST), and Yoon-Nelson) were applied to the experimental data to predict breakthrough curves and determine characteristic adsorption parameters for process design. The applied models fitted data in the order: Thomas (R(2)=0.971)>BDST (R(2)=0.960)>Yoon-Nelson (R(2)=0.940). It was concluded that ammonium adsorption in biochar-fixed beds could be an effective method for routine cyclic treatment of slurry. However, further effluent polishing is required to meet discharge requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kizito
- Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China; College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Shubiao Wu
- Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Simon Mdondo Wandera
- Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Luchen Guo
- Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Renjie Dong
- Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
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