1
|
Sae-Tang N, Saconsint S, Srifa A, Koo-Amornpattana W, Assabumrungrat S, Fukuhara C, Ratchahat S. Simultaneous production of syngas and carbon nanotubes from CO 2/CH 4 mixture over high-performance NiMo/MgO catalyst. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16282. [PMID: 39009758 PMCID: PMC11250814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66938-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Direct conversion of biogas via the integrative process of dry reforming of methane (DRM) and catalytic methane decomposition (CDM) has received a great attention as a promising green catalytic process for simultaneous production of syngas and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). In this work, the effects of reaction temperature of 700-1100 °C and CH4/CO2 ratio of biogas were investigated over NiMo/MgO catalyst in a fixed bed reactor under industrial feed condition of pure biogas. The reaction at 700 °C showed a rapid catalyst deactivation within 3 h due to the formation of amorphous carbon on catalyst surface. At higher temperature of 800-900 °C, the catalyst can perform the excellent performance for producing syngas and carbon nanotubes. Interestingly, the smallest diameter and the highest graphitization of CNTs was obtained at high temperature of 1000 °C, while elevating temperature to 1100 °C leads to agglomeration of Ni particles, resulting in a larger size of CNTs. The reaction temperature exhibits optimum at 800 °C, providing the highest CNTs yield with high graphitization, high syngas purity up to 90.04% with H2/CO ratio of 1.1, and high biogas conversion (XCH4 = 86.44%, XCO2 = 95.62%) with stable performance over 3 h. The typical composition biogas (CH4/CO2 = 1.5) is favorable for the integration process, while the CO2 rich biogas caused a larger grain size of catalyst and a formation of molybdenum oxide nanorods (MoO3). The long-term stability of NiMo/MgO catalyst at 800 °C showed a stable trend (> 20 h). The experimental findings confirm that NiMo/MgO can perform the excellent activity and high stability at the optimum condition, allowing the process to be more promising for practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nonthicha Sae-Tang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Supanida Saconsint
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Atthapon Srifa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Wanida Koo-Amornpattana
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Suttichai Assabumrungrat
- Center of Excellence in Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Choji Fukuhara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 432-8561, Japan
| | - Sakhon Ratchahat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Watanabe T, Ohba T. Temperature-dependent CO 2 sorption and thermal-reduction without reactant gases on BaTiO 3 nanocatalysts at low temperatures in the range of 300-1000 K. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:8318-8325. [PMID: 35635477 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00883a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon utilization techniques to mitigate the impact on global warming are an important field in environmental science. CO2 reduction is a significant step for carbon utilization. However, CO2 reduction with less energy consumption has major challenges. In this study, CO2 thermal reduction was demonstrated using nanocatalysts at temperatures lower than 1000 K, and the CO2 sorption and reduction mechanisms within the temperature range of 300-1000 K were evaluated. The physical adsorption on nanocatalysts with a crystal size of 7.4 ± 0.4 nm (10 nm-nanocatalysts) majorly occurred at 300 K and was considerably decreased beyond that temperature. CO2 chemisorption occurred above 450 K and subsequent CO2 reduction occurred above 500 K, which was expected based on the temperature-programmed reaction. CO2 reduction decreased above 900 K by the deactivation of the 10-nm nanocatalyst as a result of its crystal growth. The transmission electron microscopy images also indicated the complete reduction of CO2 into carbon products at 600 and 800 K. Therefore, an optimal condition of CO2 reduction in the temperature range of 500-800 K. The highly active thermocatalyst achieved CO2 reduction into CO and carbon products without any reducing agents even at an extremely low temperature (500 K). In summary, temperature-dependent CO2 sorption and reduction were observed on the 10-nm nanocatalyst; CO2 physical adsorption at 300-500 K, CO2 chemisorption above 450 K, CO2 reduction at 500-850 K, and CO2 and CO releases above 800 K.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Tomonori Ohba
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dlamini N, Mukaya HE, Nkazi D. Carbon-based nanomaterials production from environmental pollutant byproducts: A Review. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
4
|
Magnetic carbon nanotubes: Carbide nucleated electrochemical growth of ferromagnetic CNTs from CO2. J CO2 UTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2020.101218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
5
|
Das R, Shahnavaz Z, Ali ME, Islam MM, Abd Hamid SB. Can We Optimize Arc Discharge and Laser Ablation for Well-Controlled Carbon Nanotube Synthesis? NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:510. [PMID: 27864819 PMCID: PMC5116021 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1730-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although many methods have been documented for carbon nanotube (CNT) synthesis, still, we notice many arguments, criticisms, and appeals for its optimization and process control. Industrial grade CNT production is urgent such that invention of novel methods and engineering principles for large-scale synthesis are needed. Here, we comprehensively review arc discharge (AD) and laser ablation (LA) methods with highlighted features for CNT production. We also display the growth mechanisms of CNT with reasonable grassroots knowledge to make the synthesis more efficient. We postulate the latest developments in engineering carbon feedstock, catalysts, and temperature cum other minor reaction parameters to optimize the CNT yield with desired diameter and chirality. The rate limiting steps of AD and LA are highlighted because of their direct role in tuning the growth process. Future roadmap towards the exploration of CNT synthesis methods is also outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasel Das
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zohreh Shahnavaz
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Md. Eaqub Ali
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Moinul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, 4331 Hathazari, Bangladesh
| | - Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Low-Temperature Catalytic Graphitization of Phenolic Resin Using a Co-Ni Bimetallic Catalyst. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03401183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
7
|
Phillips CL, Yah CS, Iyuke SE, Rumbold K, Pillay V. The cellular response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
8
|
The treatment of brewery wastewater for reuse by integration of coagulation/flocculation and sedimentation with carbon nanotubes ‘sandwiched’ in a granular filter bed. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
9
|
Simate GS, Moothi K, Meyyappan M, Iyuke SE, Ndlovu S, Falcon R, Heydenrych M. Kinetic model of carbon nanotube production from carbon dioxide in a floating catalytic chemical vapour deposition reactor. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47163b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
|
10
|
Simate GS, Iyuke SE, Ndlovu S, Heydenrych M. The heterogeneous coagulation and flocculation of brewery wastewater using carbon nanotubes. WATER RESEARCH 2012; 46:1185-1197. [PMID: 22212884 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Coagulation and flocculation treatment processes play a central role in the way wastewater effluents are managed. Their primary function is particle removal that can impart colour to a water source, create turbidity, and/or retain bacterial and viral organisms. This study was carried out to investigate whether carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used as heterogeneous coagulants and/or flocculants in the pretreatment of brewery wastewater. A series of experiments were conducted in which the efficiencies of pristine and functionalised CNTs were compared with the efficiency of traditional ferric chloride in a coagulation/flocculation process. Turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD), including the zeta potential were used to monitor the progress of the coagulation/flocculation process. Both pristine and functionalised CNTs demonstrated the ability to successfully coagulate colloidal particles in the brewery wastewater. Overall, ferric chloride was found to be a more effective coagulant than both the pristine and functionalised CNTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey S Simate
- School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, P/Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|