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Ruiz-Haddad L, Ali M, Pronk M, van Loosdrecht MC, Saikaly PE. Demystifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms relevant to wastewater treatment: A review of their phylogeny, metabolism, and detection. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 21:100387. [PMID: 38322240 PMCID: PMC10845257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Currently, the most cost-effective and efficient method for phosphorus (P) removal from wastewater is enhanced biological P removal (EPBR) via polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs). This study integrates a literature review with genomic analysis to uncover the phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of the relevant PAOs for wastewater treatment. The findings highlight significant differences in the metabolic capabilities of PAOs relevant to wastewater treatment. Notably, Candidatus Dechloromonas and Candidatus Accumulibacter can synthesize polyhydroxyalkanoates, possess specific enzymes for ATP production from polyphosphate, and have electrochemical transporters for acetate and C4-dicarboxylates. In contrast, Tetrasphaera, Candidatus Phosphoribacter, Knoellia, and Phycicoccus possess PolyP-glucokinase and electrochemical transporters for sugars/amino acids. Additionally, this review explores various detection methods for polyphosphate and PAOs in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. Notably, FISH-Raman spectroscopy emerges as one of the most advanced detection techniques. Overall, this review provides critical insights into PAO research, underscoring the need for enhanced strategies in biological phosphorus removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Ruiz-Haddad
- Environmental Science and Engineering Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Mario Pronk
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2629 HZ, the Netherlands
| | | | - Pascal E. Saikaly
- Environmental Science and Engineering Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Li W, Hou Y, Ye Y, Bin Y, Gao Y, Dong Z. Performance of short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal and microbial community structure in the A 2SBR process. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:3468-3478. [PMID: 37226862 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2218558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTAcclimatization of short-cut denitrifying polyphosphate accumulating organisms (SDPAOs), metabolic mechanism, and operating parameters were analyzed to investigate the performance of the anaerobic/anoxic sequencing batch reactor (A2SBR) process. The high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to explore the microbial community structures of activated sludge systems. The experimental results illustrated that SDPAOs were successfully enriched with three-phase inoculation for 36 days. The removal rates of TP and NO2--N were 93.22% and 91.36%, respectively, under the optimal parameters of a pH of 7.5, an SRT of 26 days, a temperature of 24 ℃ and a COD of 200.00 mg·L-1 using acetate as the carbon source. In the anaerobic stage, 82.20% external carbon source was converted into 88.78 mg·g-1 PHB, and the removal rate of NO2--N in the anoxic stage was characterized by ΔNO2--N/ΔPHB, anoxic ΔP/ΔPHBeffective was 0.289, which was higher than anaerobic ΔP/ΔCODeffective of 0.203. Ignavibacterium and Povalibacter with significant phosphorus removal ability were the dominant bacterial genera. The nitrogen and phosphorus removal could be realized simultaneously in an anaerobic/anoxic sequencing batch reactor. Therefore, this study provided an important understanding of the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from low-carbon nitrogen wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhe Hou
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Youlin Ye
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Bin
- Appraisal Center for Environment and Engineering, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunan Gao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijun Dong
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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Zeng M, Li Z, Cheng Y, Long B, Wu J, Zeng Y, Liu Y. Stability of aerobic granular sludge for simultaneous nitrogen and Pb(II) removal from inorganic wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:649-666. [PMID: 36039390 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2119607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTIn this paper, we proposed a strategy for the establishment of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system for simultaneous nitrogen and Pb(II) removal from inorganic wastewater. AGS was stored in lead nitrate solution to select functional bacteria resistant to lead poison, and then an AGS system for ammonia nitrogen (180-270 mg/L) and Pb(II) (15-30 mg/L) removal was established based on carbon dosing and a two-stage oxic/anoxic operational mode. After storage for 40 days, the stability of AGS decreased because specific oxygen uptake rate, nitrification rate and abundance of Nitrosomonas decreased to different degrees compared with those before storage. During the first 70 days of the recovery process, AGS in R1 (the blank reactor) and R2 (the control reactor) both experienced a first breakage and then regranulation process. The main properties of AGS in reactors R1 and R2 tended to be stable after days 106 and 117, respectively, but the structure of steady-state AGS in R2 was more compact. The total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) in effluent from R1 and R2 basically remained below 25 mg/L after days 98 and 90, respectively. The Pb(II) concentration in effluent from R2 was always below 0.3 mg/L. On day 140, the relative abundance of Nitrosomonas in R2 (6.17%) was significantly lower than that in R1 (12.15%), whereas the relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria was significantly higher than that in R1 (62.44% and 46.79%). The system removed 1 kg of influent TIN only consuming approximately 1.85 kg of carbon source, demonstrating clear advantages in energy savings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Zeng
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghao Li
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Long
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Wu
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Pingdingshan, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zeng
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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Dai H, Sun Y, Wan D, Abbasi HN, Guo Z, Geng H, Wang X, Chen Y. Simultaneous denitrification and phosphorus removal: A review on the functional strains and activated sludge processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155409. [PMID: 35469879 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication has attracted extensive attention owing to its harmful effects to the organisms and aquatic environment. Studies on the functional microorganisms with the ability of simultaneously nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal is of great significance for alleviating eutrophication. Thus far, several strains from various genera have been reported to accomplish simultaneous N and P removal, which is primarily observed in Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Paracoccus, and Arthrobacter. The mechanism of N and P removal by denitrifying P accumulating organisms (DPAOs) is different from the traditional biological N and P removal. The denitrifying P removal (DPR) technology based on the metabolic function of DPAOs can overcome the problem of carbon source competition and sludge age contradiction in traditional biological N and P removal processes and can be applied to the treatment of urban sewage with low C/N ratio. This paper reviews the mechanism of N and P removal by DPAOs from the aspect of the metabolic pathways and enzymatic processes. The research progress on DPR processes is also summarized and elucidated. Further research should focus on the efficient removal of N and P by improving the performance of functional microorganisms and development of new coupling processes. This review can serve as a basis for screening DPAOs with high N and P removal efficiency and developing new DPR processes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Dai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Dong Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haq Nawaz Abbasi
- Department of Environmental science, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zechong Guo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongya Geng
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Xingang Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Ni M, Pan Y, Chen Y, Zhang X, Huang Y, Song Z. Effects of seasonal temperature variations on phosphorus removal, recovery, and key metabolic pathways in the suspended biofilm. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Xu X, Ma S, Jiang H, Yang F. Start-up of the anaerobic hydrolysis acidification (ANHA)- simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD)/enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal for domestic sewage treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:130094. [PMID: 33676280 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process has been widely used in domestic sewage biological denitrification technology because of its high efficiency and low consumption. However, the simultaneous removal of another important pollution element, phosphorus, has been difficult, and its C/N ratio limitation of the influent is strict. The start-up of the anaerobic hydrolysis acidification (ANHA)- simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD)/enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) coupling process achieves the treatment of urban sewage for carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Under optimal conditions, the final total nitrogen and total phosphorus removal rates reached 91.59% and 89.10%, respectively. High-throughput sequencing technology showed that the ANHA reactor was mainly Lactococcus. At the same time, the main bacteria in the SNAD/EBPR process were anammox bacteria (AnAOB, Candidatus_Kuenenia, Candidatus_Brocadia) primarily existing in biofilms, while the ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB, Nitrosomonas), denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (DPAOs, Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Bdellovibrio) and Denitrifying bacteria (DNB, Thauera, Denitratisoma, Rhodobacteraceae).were mainly found in the suspended sludge. These conclusions provide valuable information for the full-scale treatment of domestic sewage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Shiqi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Hongbin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Fenglin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
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Wang Q, Yu D, Wang X, Chu G, He T, Zhao J. Development of novel denitrifying nitrite accumulation and phosphorus removal (DNAPR) process for offering an alternative pretreatment to achieve mainstream Anammox. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124164. [PMID: 33002785 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For achieving mainstream anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox), there is a need to achieve organic carbon and phosphorus removal meanwhile supplying nitrite (NO2--N). Based on this demand, a novel anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic operated denitrifying nitrite accumulation and phosphorus removal (DNAPR) process was proposed for treating synthetic municipal and nitrate (NO3--N) wastewaters simultaneously (volume ratio of 5:1). By adjusting influent composition, discharging anaerobic-end supernatant, shortening anoxic duration, and adding a short aerobic stage, DNAPR process achieved promising and stable nitrate-to-nitrite transformation (78.35%) and phosphorus removal (98.34%) performance. Moreover, effluent with chemical oxygen demand of 16.63 mg/L, nitrite of 54.16 mg/L, orthophosphate of 0.37 mg/L, and nitrite to ammonia ratio of 1.3 were finally obtained after 141-day operation. Microbiological analysis showed that Thauera (34.9%) and unclassified_f_Rhodobacteraceae (6.79%) were both responsible for DNAPR. Therefore, DNAPR, serving as promising alternative pretreatment, might possess significance for achieving mainstream Anammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Deshuang Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Guangyu Chu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Tonghui He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Ji Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
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8
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Wang Q, Li S, Zhong Y, Liu H, Liu J, Liu H, Cheng J, Huang Y, Cai X, Liu H. Protein extracted from symbiotic culture of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Yarrowia lipolytica shows structure-related detoxifying effects against 2, 2’-azobis (2-methyl-propanimidamidine) dihydrochloride induced oxidative stress. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Yang S, Yao G. Simultaneous removal of concentrated organics, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients by an oxygen-limited membrane bioreactor. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202179. [PMID: 30161154 PMCID: PMC6116941 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous removal of organics, nitrogen and phosphorus was achieved in a bench-scale oxygen-limited membrane bioreactor (OLMBR). Due to the limited dissolved oxygen (~ 0.2 mg/L equilibrium concentration) and the increased sludge concentration associated with the hollow fiber membrane, the OLMBR was endowed with an excellent performance on the removal of multi-pollutants. The optimized removal efficiencies of COD, nitrogen (N), and total phosphorus (TP) were approximately 95.5%, 90.0% and 82.6%, respectively (COD/N/P = 500:10:1, influent loading = 5.0 kg COD·m-3·d-1, 35°C). Mass balance and bacterial community analysis indicated that the removal of organic carbon was mainly achieved by the methane production process (67.6%). Short-cut nitrification-denitrification (SCND) was observed as the primary denitrification process in the OLMBR, in which the concentrated organic compounds served as the electron donors for denitrification. Nitrosomonas was observed to be the predominant ammonium-oxidizing bacteria, while nitrite-oxidizing bacteria were almost absent in the microbial community as revealed by the high-throughput sequencing technique. In addition, Euryarchaeota and Candidatus, which were well associated with the process of denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation, were also detected. Sludge absorption was the main route for TP removal in the OLMBR, and the production of PH3 gas also accounted for 19.4% of TP removal. This study suggested that the interception effect of hollow fiber membrane provided higher sludge concentration, therefore offering more bacteria for pollutant removal. The OLMBR can be used for simultaneous removal of highly concentrated organics and nutrients in livestock and poultry breeding wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyun Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Yao
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- * E-mail:
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10
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Liu H, Wang Q, Sun Y, Zhou K, Liu W, Lu Q, Ming C, Feng X, Du J, Jia X, Li J. Isolation of a non-fermentative bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, using intracellular carbon for denitrification and phosphorus-accumulation and relevant metabolic mechanisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 211:6-15. [PMID: 26995616 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A newly designed pilot-scale system was developed to enrich denitrifying phosphate-accumulating organisms (DNPAOs) for nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient removal synchronously. A strain of DNPAOs was isolated and its biochemical characteristics and metabolic mechanisms of this bacterial strain were analyzed. The results showed that compared with previously reported system, this newly designed system has higher removal rates of nutrients. Removal efficiencies of NH3-N, TN, TP, and COD in actual wastewater were 82.64%, 79.62%, 87.22%, and 90.41%, respectively. Metabolic activity of DNPAOs after anoxic stage in this study even reached 94.64%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a strain of non-fermentative DNPAOs with strong nitrogen and phosphorus removal abilities. Study on the metabolic mechanisms suggested that intracellular PHB of P. aeruginosa plays dual roles, supplying energy for phosphorus accumulation and serving as a major carbon source for denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Yanfu Sun
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Kangqun Zhou
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
| | - Caibing Ming
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Xidan Feng
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Jianjun Du
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Xiaoshan Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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Zhang H, Tian JY, Huang J, Huang XH, Quan GJ, Yan S, Liu PR. Rapid and pollution-free characterization of intracellular polyphosphate and orthophosphate using mid-infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics in the denitrifying phosphorus removal process. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23756h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Content of the intracellular Poly-P and orthophosphate variation may be predicted rapidly by mid-infrared spectroscopy and PLS method in denitrifying phosphorus removal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Anhui Province of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei
- China
| | - J. Y. Tian
- Key Laboratory of Anhui Province of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei
- China
| | - J. Huang
- Key Laboratory of Anhui Province of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei
- China
| | - X. H. Huang
- Key Laboratory of Anhui Province of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei
- China
| | - G. J. Quan
- Key Laboratory of Anhui Province of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei
- China
| | - S. Yan
- Key Laboratory of Anhui Province of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei
- China
| | - P. R. Liu
- Key Laboratory of Anhui Province of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei
- China
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12
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Enhanced biological nutrient removal in modified carbon source division anaerobic anoxic oxic process with return activated sludge pre-concentration. Chin J Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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