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Guta NM, Ruksi ST, Gachana Midaksa Senbata, Seid K. Predictors of perceived poor social support status of pregnant women attending antiretroviral therapy clinics in south west Ethiopia, 2021. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18282. [PMID: 37519693 PMCID: PMC10372391 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To improve pregnancy outcomes, a pregnant mother living with HIV/AIDS requires a high level of social and emotional support. However, women from low-income countries were subjected to low social support status despite adequate counseling and health messages to increase their social support. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the predictors of the perceived poor social support status among pregnant women attending ART clinics in Southwest Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling was conducted to enroll 265 pregnant women on antiretroviral therapy (ART) from December 1 to 30, 2021. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Epidata was used for data entry and analyzed after it was exported to a statistical package for the social sciences. Binary logistic regression was used and the level of significance was declared at P-value <0.05 using Adjusted odds ratio at 95% CI after candidate variables were identified in binary logistic regression at a P-value of <0.25. Results Finding from the study figured out that low level of poor social support is found to be 47.2%. Study revealed that income level[AOR = 5.1 95% CI [1.9,13.6]], disclosure status[AOR: 1.9 95% CI [1.1,3.3]], unwanted pregnancy [AOR = 2.3 CI; [ 1.4,3.9]], and low adherence level[AOR: 2.1 95% CI [1.1,3.1]] were strong predictors. Conclusion This study identified high levels of poor social support. Increasing access to information education and communications focusing on stigma, disclosure & refresher training that boosts the counseling skills of health care providers to enhance adherence level is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuredin Mohammed Guta
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Sisay Tulu Ruksi
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Gachana Midaksa Senbata
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Kalid Seid
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
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Dulin AJ, Dale SK, Earnshaw VA, Fava JL, Mugavero MJ, Napravnik S, Hogan JW, Carey MP, Howe CJ. Resilience and HIV: a review of the definition and study of resilience. AIDS Care 2019; 30:S6-S17. [PMID: 30632778 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2018.1515470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We use a socioecological model of health to define resilience, review the definition and study of resilience among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) in the existing peer-reviewed literature, and discuss the strengths and limitations of how resilience is defined and studied in HIV research. We conducted a review of resilience research for HIV-related behaviors/outcomes of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, clinic attendance, CD4 cell count, viral load, viral suppression, and/or immune functioning among PLWH. We performed searches using PubMed, PsycINFO and Google Scholar databases. The initial search generated 14,296 articles across the three databases, but based on our screening of these articles and inclusion criteria, n = 54 articles were included for review. The majority of HIV resilience research defines resilience only at the individual (i.e., psychological) level or studies individual and limited interpersonal resilience (e.g., social support). Furthermore, the preponderance of HIV resilience research uses general measures of resilience; these measures have not been developed with or tailored to the needs of PLWH. Our review suggests that a socioecological model of health approach can more fully represent the construct of resilience. Furthermore, measures specific to PLWH that capture individual, interpersonal, and neighborhood resilience are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akilah J Dulin
- a Center for Health Equity Research, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences , Brown University School of Public Health , Providence , RI , USA
| | - Sannisha K Dale
- b Department of Psychology , University of Miami , Coral Gables , FL , USA
| | - Valerie A Earnshaw
- c Department of Human Development and Family Sciences , University of Delaware , Newark , DE , USA
| | - Joseph L Fava
- d Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine , The Miriam Hospital , Providence , RI , USA
| | - Michael J Mugavero
- e Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Center for AIDS Research , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , AL , USA
| | - Sonia Napravnik
- f Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC , USA
| | - Joseph W Hogan
- g Center for Statistical Sciences, Department of Biostatistics , Brown University School of Public Health , Providence , RI , USA
| | - Michael P Carey
- h Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior , The Miriam Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence , RI , USA
| | - Chanelle J Howe
- i Centers for Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Department of Epidemiology , Brown University School of Public Health , Providence , RI , USA
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Nam NT, Bygbjerg IC, Mogensen HO, Rasch V. Factors associated with the failure to seek HIV care and treatment among HIV-positive women in a northern province of Vietnam. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2010; 24:325-32. [PMID: 20438376 DOI: 10.1089/apc.2009.0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional survey examines the utilization of HIV care and treatment services after HIV diagnosis among women in Vietnam and describes factors that may be associated with failure in seeking services. From May 2007 to November 2007, we conducted structured interviews with 353 HIV-positive women living a Haiphong, a northern province of Vietnam. The women were recruited through a network of people living with HIV/AIDS (HPN+) by means of snowball sampling and through the local, governmental HIV registration system (Provincial AIDS Centre [PAC]). Approximately 26.3% of the study participants had never attended HIV care and treatment services. Failure in seeking the services was associated with not being registered in the PAC (odds ratio [OR]: 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4-6.4), not having a known HIV-positive family member (OR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.2-8.3), not having disclosed HIV status (OR: 4.0; 95% CI: 2.0-8.1), and factors associated with the testing situation, whereby women who were tested by chance had a 4.0 times increased OR (95% CI: 1.4-11.7) and women who were tested in relation to antenatal care or delivery had 3.0 times increased OR (95% CI: 1.1-8.5) for failure to seek HIV care compared to women who had been tested because their husbands/partners were sick or had died. We suggest that the posttest counseling and referral system for HIV care and treatment need to be improved. An alternative system for picking up those not wishing to attend the official system might help to approach these needy women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen T. Nam
- Institute for Population & Development Studies, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ib C. Bygbjerg
- Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne O. Mogensen
- Department of Anthropology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Rasch
- Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Abstract
The self-care practice of HIV/AIDS patients has become an important topic to help HIV/AIDS patients maintain their maximum level of well-being in chronic illness management. This article presents a self-care outcomes model that is applicable to HIV/AIDS nursing practice and research, and it identifies attributes and outcomes related to HIV/AIDS patients'self-care. The self-care outcomes model was developed based on the Outcomes Model for Health Care Research and literature review. Key variables related to HIV/AIDS self-care were summarized and discussed based on nine dimensions: client inputs, client processes, client outcomes, provider inputs, provider processes, provider outcomes, setting inputs, setting processes, and setting outcomes. This article reveals that self-care in HIV/AIDS is complex and may be influenced by many factors relating to individual, family, and health care system. More research with advanced multivariate statistical models and randomized controlled trial design will help determine the effectiveness of self-care strategies and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yu Chou
- School of Nursing, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Napravnik S, Royce R, Walter E, Lim W. HIV-1 infected women and prenatal care utilization: barriers and facilitators. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2000; 14:411-20. [PMID: 10977970 DOI: 10.1089/108729100416623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In an effort to understand issues affecting prenatal care access and utilization from the perspectives of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women who receive inadequate prenatal care, we conducted three in-depth qualitative and quantitative interviews. From a thematic analysis of the narrative interviews, four broad areas emerged as pertinent to these women's prenatal care experiences. These were issues related to pregnancy, HIV, psychosocial conditions, and the health care system. For these women, the barriers to prenatal care utilization included the unexpected and unplanned nature of the pregnancy and mental health issues related to HIV infection. Poverty, periodic homelessness, addiction to illicit substances, and lack of social support were also important barriers. Furthermore, perceptions of the health care system as threatening, including fears related to consequences of disclosing illicit activities, discrimination, and breach of confidentiality emerged as salient barriers. Facilitating factors included the pregnancy being experienced as a life-transforming event, concern for their children, especially preventing HIV-1 vertical transmission, availability of treatment, and support from health care professionals. Prominent throughout the interviews were the women's mental health concerns and need for professional support.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Napravnik
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
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Abstract
Caring for children with HIV infection is a much more optimistic process than in the beginning of the epidemic. Antiretroviral therapies are available, and additional drugs are receiving approval from the US Food and Drug Administration. Cautious optimism must be tempered with an understanding that living with the disease is a complicated and daunting process for these children and their families. Although scientific knowledge and medical treatments are moving forward, the social and environmental uncertainties remain for families. Comprehensive care is a balance of health care services and supportive, community-based services offered in a compassionate manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Boland
- François-Xavier Bagnoud Center, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, USA.
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Abstract
Women with HIV are a growing at-risk population in our communities. They are often poor members of minority groups who have responsibilities for dependent children and other family members. They may experience physiological, psychological, and social symptoms and have needs that are unique to them as women. The purpose of this study was to give women with HIV the opportunity to identify their needs. Using the Objects Content Test, 48 women attending HIV clinics in a midsouth city listed 349 needs: 32% psychosocial, 14% physical, 13% service and maintenance, and 11% financial and legal. It is important for nurses working with these women in the community to know how they perceive their own needs and issues to plan and provide effective health care programs for this growing group of clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Bunting
- Department of Community Nursing, Medical College of Georgia, School of Nursing, Augusta 30912-4250, USA.
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