Mathoulin-Pelissier S, Salmi LR, Fialon P, Salamon R. Cost-effectiveness of testing for human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus among blood transfusion recipients.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2003;
24:132-6. [PMID:
12602696 DOI:
10.1086/502170]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To choose the most cost-effective option for detecting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among blood transfusion recipients.
DESIGN
Cost-effectiveness analysis. Effectiveness was expressed as the number of HIV-1 or HCV infections detected, regardless of whether they were related to transfusion. To estimate costs, we assumed hospital insurance would cover costs related to detection and compensation, when granted.
SETTING
A 2,890-bed acute care teaching hospital in Bordeaux, France.
METHODS
Eight options were defined, from the simplest, which would be to do nothing, to a maximal approach, which would be to keep a serum sample in a serum library for a lookback and perform tests for antibody to HIV-1 and to HCV before and 3 months after transfusion. Data on probabilities and costs were taken from the literature and experiences of French hospitals.
RESULTS
The most cost-effective option was to perform viral antibody testing before transfusions (option 3), which would detect 27 infections per 1,000 patients, for an expenditure of US $1,260 per detected patient Option 6, obtaining a serum sample before transfusion and performing tests for antibody to HIV-1 and to HCV 3 months after transfusion, had a similar cost-effectiveness ratio but detected only 16 infections per 1,000 patients. Performing tests before and 3 months after transfusion (option 4), compared with option 3, would detect 1 additional infection for an additional cost of US $8,322.
CONCLUSION
The most cost-effective options are not specific to blood transfusion recipients and might be more suited to all hospitalized patients.
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