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Gao Q, Zhou LX, Huang R, Zhang SX, Chen G. Five New Glycoside Constituents from the Roots of Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300841. [PMID: 37462846 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Three undescribed glycoside constituents, macrophyllosides E-G and a pair of iridoid glycosides genticrasides A/B, together with eleven known glycoside compounds were isolated from the roots of Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk. Their structures were identified by means of spectra analysis and data comparison with previous literatures. Interestingly, the glucose moieties in macrophylloside E and F possess free anomeric hydroxy groups. Genticrasides A/B, identified as a pair of iridoid originated lactones, have not been reported from Gentianaceae family up to now. The anti-inflammatory effects of selected compounds were also evaluated through the nitric oxide (NO) production inhibition in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells. In which, macrophyllosides G and D showed NO inhibitory activities with rates of 76.14±4.02 % and 52.44±8.29 % at 100 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Gao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Li-Xiang Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Rong Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shu-Xian Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Guang Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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Enzymatic Biosynthesis of Simple Phenolic Glycosides as Potential Anti-Melanogenic Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071396. [PMID: 35883887 PMCID: PMC9312196 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple phenolics (SPs) and their glycosides have recently gained much attention as functional skin-care resources for their anti-melanogenic and antioxidant activities. Enzymatic glycosylation of SP aglycone make it feasible to create SP glycosides with updated bioactive potentials. Herein, a glycosyltransferase (GT)-encoding gene was cloned from the fosmid libraries of Streptomyces tenjimariensis ATCC 31603 using GT-specific degenerate PCR followed by in silico analyses. The recombinant StSPGT was able to flexibly catalyze the transfer of two glycosyl moieties towards two SP acceptors, (hydroxyphenyl-2-propanol [HPP2] and hydroxyphenyl-3-propanol [HPP3]), generating stereospecific α-anomeric glycosides as follows: HPP2-O-α-glucoside, HPP2-O-α-2″-deoxyglucoside, HPP3-O-α-glucoside and HPP3-O-α-2″-deoxyglucoside. This enzyme seems not only to prefer UDP-glucose and HPP2 as a favorable glycosyl donor and acceptor, respectively but also differentiates the positional difference of the hydroxyl function as acceptor catalytic sites. Paired in vitro and in vivo antioxidant assays represented SPs and their corresponding glycosides as convincing antioxidants in a time- and concentration-dependent manner by scavenging DPPH radicals and intracellular ROS. Even compared to the conventional agents, HPP2 and glycoside analogs displayed improved tyrosinase inhibitory activity in vitro and still suppressed in vivo melanogenesis. Both HPP2 glycosides are further likely to exert the best inhibitory activity against elastase, eventually highlighting these glycosides with enhanced anti-melanogenic and antioxidant activities as promising anti-wrinkle hits.
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Mohamed TA, Ali SK, Elshamy AI, Saleh IA, Ibrahim MAA, Atia MAM, Alshammari SO, Mohamed AEHH, Hussien TA, Hamed AR, Saedi HRE, Abdel-Azim NS, Shams KA, Efferth T, Saker M, Paré PW, Hegazy MEF. Plant cell cultures: An enzymatic tool for polyphenolic and flavonoid transformations. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154019. [PMID: 35325826 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the pharmaceutical sector, tissue culture techniques for large-scale production of natural chemicals can be a less expensive alternative to large-scale synthesis. Although recent biotransformation research have used plant cell cultures to target a wide range of bioactive compounds, more compiled information and synopses are needed to better understand metabolic pathways and improve biotransformation efficiencies. PURPOSE This report reviews the biochemical transformation of phenolic natural products by plant cell cultures in order to identify potential novel biotechnological approaches for ensuring more homogeneous and stable phenolic production year-round under controlled environmental conditions. METHODS Articles on the use of plant cell culture for polyphenolic and flavonoid transformations (1988 - 2021) were retrieved from SciFinder, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science through electronic and manual search in English. Following that, the authors chose the required papers based on the criteria they defined. The following keywords were used for the online search: biotransformation, Plant cell cultures, flavonoids, phenolics, and pharmaceutical products. RESULTS The initial search found a total of 96 articles. However, only 70 of them were selected as they met the inclusion criteria defined by the authors. The analysis of these studies revealed that plant tissue culture is applicable for the large-scale production of plant secondary metabolites including the phenolics, which have high therapeutic value. CONCLUSION Plant tissue cultures could be employed as an efficient technique for producing secondary metabolites including phenolics. Phenolics possess a wide range of therapeutic benefits, as anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. Callus culture, suspension cultures, transformation, and other procedures have been used to improve the synthesis of phenolics. Their production on a large scale is now achievable. More breakthroughs will lead to newer insights and, without a doubt, to a new era of phenolics-based pharmacological agents for the treatment of a variety of infectious and degenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik A Mohamed
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Sherin K Ali
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Abdelsamed I Elshamy
- Natural Compounds Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim A Saleh
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A A Ibrahim
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A M Atia
- Molecular Genetics and Genome Mapping Laboratory, Genome Mapping Department, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Shifaa O Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafar Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Taha A Hussien
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, New Assiut City, Assiut 10, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Hamed
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Hesham R El Saedi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm S-10691, Sweden; nternational Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, El-Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
| | - Nahla S Abdel-Azim
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Shams
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55128, Germany.
| | - Mahmoud Saker
- Genetic Engineering and Biotech. Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Paul W Paré
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Mohamed-Elamir F Hegazy
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
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Zarev Y, Popova P, Foubert K, Apers S, Vlietinck A, Pieters L, Ionkova I. Biotransformation to Produce the Anticancer Compound Colchicoside Using Cell Suspension Cultures of Astragalus vesicarius Plant Species. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1901400108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper discusses the biotechnological process affected by means of plant suspension cultures, for production of colchicoside, the 3- O-glucosyl derivative of 3- O-demethylcolchicine. Colchicoside can be considered as an antitumoural prodrug which is activated after oral administration and may have more beneficial effects and a better toxicity profile (because of a slow-release effect) than colchicine. We have developed a green and efficient biotechnological method using colchicine, as a precursor, derived from its natural source G. superba seeds. Plant suspension cultures of Astragalus vesicarius were used to design a practical biotechnological platform to replace a methyl group at C-3 regiospecifically by a glycosyl moiety in colchicine. Using different concentrations of a colchicine-rich extract, the maximum enzymatic potential of Astragalus vesicarius suspension cells was achieved. According to quantitative HPLC-UV analysis, levels of 9.35 μmol/g DW colchicoside were achieved. This is the first report of region-specific glycosylation at C-3 of the aromatic ring A of the colchicine using plant suspension cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancho Zarev
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia, Str. Dunav 2, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Pavlinka Popova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia, Str. Dunav 2, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sandra Apers
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Arnold Vlietinck
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Iliana Ionkova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia, Str. Dunav 2, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Akhtar MT, Mustafa NAR, Verpoorte R. Hydroxylation and glycosylation of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol byCatharanthus roseuscell suspension culture. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2016. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2016.1151006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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He S, Zhu J, Zi J, Zhou P, Liang J, Yu R. A novel terpenoid indole alkaloid derived from catharanthine via biotransformation by suspension-cultured cells of Catharanthus roseus. Biotechnol Lett 2015; 37:2481-7. [PMID: 26272394 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-015-1930-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although catharanthine (1) is well known as a biosynthetic precursor of the anticancer alkaloid, vinblastine, its alternative metabolic pathways are unclear. RESULTS Biotransformation of 1 by suspension-cultured cells of Catharanthus roseus gave a new oxidative-cleavage product (2). The structure of 2 was determined as 3-hydroxy-4-imino-catharanthine by spectroscopic methods. Maximum conversion (9.75 %) of 2 was observed after 120 h adding 6 mg of 1/100 ml to 12-day-old suspension-cultured cells of C. roseus. Furthermore, qRT-PCR experiment was performed to reveal the effect of 1 on the expression of the genes in the biosynthetic pathway of TIA 1 up-regulated the transcript level of D4H whilst down-regulating the transcript levels of G10H, LAMT, GES, and IRS. CONCLUSION A new metabolite of catharanthine, 3-hydroxy-4-imino-catharanthine, is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuijie He
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jiachen Zi
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jincai Liang
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Rongmin Yu
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Gupta A, Kagliwal LD, Singhal RS. Biotransformation of polyphenols for improved bioavailability and processing stability. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2013; 69:183-217. [PMID: 23522797 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-410540-9.00004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Research on the functions and effects of polyphenols has gained considerable momentum in recent times. This is attributed to their bioactivities, ranging from antioxidant to anticancer activities. But their potential is seldom fully realized since their solubility and stability is quite low and their bioavailability is hampered due to extensive metabolism in the body. Biotransformation of polyphenols using enzymes, whole cell microbes, or plant cell cultures may provide an effective solution by modifying their structure while maintaining their original bioactivity. Lipase, protease, cellulase, and transferases are commonly used enzymes, with lipase being the most popular for carrying out acylation reactions. Among the whole cell microbes, Aspergillus, Bacillus, and Streptomyces sp. are the most widely used, while Eucalyptus perriniana and Capsicum frutescens are the plant cell cultures used for the production of secondary metabolites. This chapter emphasizes the development of green solvents and identification of different sources/approaches to maximize polyphenol transformation for varied applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Gupta
- Food Engineering and Technology Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, India
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Dempsey DA, Vlot AC, Wildermuth MC, Klessig DF. Salicylic Acid biosynthesis and metabolism. THE ARABIDOPSIS BOOK 2011; 9:e0156. [PMID: 22303280 PMCID: PMC3268552 DOI: 10.1199/tab.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 401] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) has been shown to regulate various aspects of growth and development; it also serves as a critical signal for activating disease resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana and other plant species. This review surveys the mechanisms involved in the biosynthesis and metabolism of this critical plant hormone. While a complete biosynthetic route has yet to be established, stressed Arabidopsis appear to synthesize SA primarily via an isochorismate-utilizing pathway in the chloroplast. A distinct pathway utilizing phenylalanine as the substrate also may contribute to SA accumulation, although to a much lesser extent. Once synthesized, free SA levels can be regulated by a variety of chemical modifications. Many of these modifications inactivate SA; however, some confer novel properties that may aid in long distance SA transport or the activation of stress responses complementary to those induced by free SA. In addition, a number of factors that directly or indirectly regulate the expression of SA biosynthetic genes or that influence the rate of SA catabolism have been identified. An integrated model, encompassing current knowledge of SA metabolism in Arabidopsis, as well as the influence other plant hormones exert on SA metabolism, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mary C. Wildermuth
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 221 Koshland Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102
- Address correspondence to and
| | - Daniel F. Klessig
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853
- Address correspondence to and
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Louveau T, Leitao C, Green S, Hamiaux C, van der Rest B, Dechy-Cabaret O, Atkinson RG, Chervin C. Predicting the substrate specificity of a glycosyltransferase implicated in the production of phenolic volatiles in tomato fruit. FEBS J 2010; 278:390-400. [PMID: 21166996 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The volatile compounds that constitute the fruit aroma of ripe tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) are often sequestered in glycosylated form. A homology-based screen was used to identify the gene SlUGT5, which is a member of UDP-glycosyltransferase 72 family and shows specificity towards a range of substrates, including flavonoid, flavanols, hydroquinone, xenobiotics and chlorinated pollutants. SlUGT5 was shown to be expressed primarily in ripening fruit and flowers, and mapped to chromosome I in a region containing a QTL that affected the content of guaiacol and eugenol in tomato crosses. Recombinant SlUGT5 protein demonstrated significant activity towards guaiacol and eugenol, as well as benzyl alcohol and methyl salicylate; however, the highest in vitro activity and affinity was shown for hydroquinone and salicyl alcohol. NMR analysis identified isosalicin as the only product of salicyl alcohol glycosylation. Protein modelling and substrate docking analysis were used to assess the basis for the substrate specificity of SlUGT5. The analysis correctly predicted the interactions with SlUGT5 substrates, and also indicated that increased hydrogen bonding, due to the presence of a second hydrophilic group in methyl salicylate, guaiacol and hydroquinone, appeared to more favourably anchor these acceptors within the glycosylation site, leading to increased stability, higher activities and higher substrate affinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Louveau
- Université de Toulouse, UMR Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, INRA-INP/ENSAT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Mustafa NR, Kim HK, Choi YH, Verpoorte R. Metabolic changes of salicylic acid-elicited Catharanthus roseus cell suspension cultures monitored by NMR-based metabolomics. Biotechnol Lett 2009; 31:1967-74. [PMID: 19701606 PMCID: PMC2773370 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-009-0107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of salicylic acid (SA) on the metabolic profile of Catharanthus roseus suspension cells throughout a time course (0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment) was investigated using NMR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis. When compared to control cell lines, SA-treated cells showed a high level of sugars (glucose and sucrose) up to 48 h after treatment, followed by a dynamic change in amino acids, phenylpropanoids, and tryptamine. Additionally, one compound—2,5-dihydroxybenzoic-5-O-glucoside—was detected solely in SA-treated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natali Rianika Mustafa
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hye Kyong Kim
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Young Hae Choi
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Verpoorte
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Shimoda K, Hamada H, Hamada H. Phytoremediation of benzophenone and bisphenol a by glycosylation with immobilized plant cells. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2009; 3:19-25. [PMID: 20508754 PMCID: PMC2872565 DOI: 10.4137/ehi.s897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Benzophenone and bisphenol A are environmental pollutions, which have been listed among "chemicals suspected of having endocrine disrupting effects" by the World Wildlife Fund, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences in the USA and the Japanese Environment Agency. The cultured cells of Nicotiana tabacum glycosylated benzophenone to three glycosides, 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylbenzophenone (9%), diphenylmethyl beta-D-glucopyranoside (14%), and diphenylmethyl 6-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (12%) after 48 h incubation. On the other hand, incubation of benzophenone with immobilized cells of N. tabacum in sodium alginate gel gave products in higher yields, i.e. the yields of 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylbenzophenone, diphenylmethyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, and diphenylmethyl 6-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside were 15, 27, and 22%, respectively. Bisphenol A was converted into three glycosides, 2,2-bis(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyphenyl)propane (16%), 2-(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyphenyl) propane (8%), and 2-(3-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyphenyl)propane (5%). Also the use of immobilized N. tabacum cells improved the yield of products; the glycosylation of bisphenol A with immobilized N. tabacum gave 2,2-bis(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyphenyl)propane (24%), 2-(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyphenyl) propane (15%), and 2-(3-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyphenyl)propane (11%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Shimoda
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Hatsuyuki Hamada
- National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, 1 Shiromizu-cho, Kagoshima 891-2390, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hamada
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
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Chen X, Zhang J, Liu JH, Yu BY. Biotransformation of p-, m-, and o-hydroxybenzoic acids by Panax ginseng hairy root cultures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2007.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
The potential application of glycosyltransferases in glycoconjugate synthesis has attracted considerable interest from the biotechnology community in recent years. This concept article focuses on the current understanding of the chemistry of a family of plant enzymes capable of glycosylating small lipophilic molecules. These enzymes are discussed in terms of their regio- and enantioselective substrate recognition, sugar-donor selectivity and their utility as biocatalysts in whole-cell systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eng-Kiat Lim
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK.
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Seo ES, Lee JH, Park JY, Kim D, Han HJ, Robyt JF. Enzymatic synthesis and anti-coagulant effect of salicin analogs by using the Leuconostoc mesenteroides glucansucrase acceptor reaction. J Biotechnol 2005; 117:31-8. [PMID: 15831245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2004.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2003] [Revised: 10/15/2004] [Accepted: 10/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glucansucrases from Leuconostoc mesenteroides catalyze the transfer of glucosyl units from sucrose to other carbohydrates by acceptor reaction. We modified salicyl alcohol, phenol and salicin by using various glucansucrases and with sucrose as a donor of glucosyl residues. Salicin, phenyl glucose, isosalicin, isomaltosyl salicyl alcohol, and a homologous series of oligosaccharides, connected to the acceptors and differing from one another by one or more glucose residues, were produced as major reaction products. By using salicin and salicyl alcohol as acceptors, B-1355C2 and B-1299CB-BF563 dextransucrases synthesized most widely diverse products, producing more than 12 and 9 different kinds of saccharides, respectively. With phenol, two acceptor products and oligosaccharides were synthesized by using the B-1299CB-BF563 dextransucrase. Salicyl derivatives, as acceptor products, showed higher anti-coagulation activity compared with that of salicin or salicyl alcohol that were used as acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seong Seo
- Department of Material Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
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Shimoda K, Kubota N, Sano T, Hirakawa H, Hirata T. A novel hydroxylase from Catharanthus roseus participating in the hydroxylation of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid. J Biosci Bioeng 2004; 98:67-70. [PMID: 16233668 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(04)70244-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2004] [Accepted: 05/10/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel 55-kDa hydroxylase was isolated from cultured cells of Catharanthus roseus by a three-step procedure: anion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography and hydroxylapatite adsorption chromatography. The enzyme specifically catalyzed the hydroxylation of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid to give 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid. The enzyme activity was optimal at pH 7.8 and was completely inhibited by divalent cations, such as Cu(2+) and Hg(2+). The enzyme showed sequence similarity to certain plant flavonoid 3'-hydroxylases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Shimoda
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
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Davis BG. 2 Synthetic methods : Part (iii) Biocatalysis and enzymes in organic synthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b211999b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yamane SY, Shimoda K, Watanabe K, Hirata T. Purification and characterization of gentisic acid glucosyltransferase from the cultured cells of Catharanthus roseus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(02)00005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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