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Abstract
Flavoenzymes are broadly employed as biocatalysts for a large variety of reactions, owing to the chemical versatility of the flavin cofactor. Oxidases set aside, many flavoenzymes require a source of electrons in form of the biological reductant nicotinamide NAD(P)H in order to initiate catalysis via the reduced flavin. Chemists can take advantage of the reactivity of reduced flavins with oxygen to carry out monooxygenation reactions, while the reduced flavin can also be used for formal hydrogenation reactions. The main advantage of these reactions compared to chemical approaches is the frequent regio-, chemo- and stereo-selectivity of the biocatalysts, which allows the synthesis of chiral molecules in optically active form. This chapter provides an overview of the variety of biocatalytic processes that have been developed with flavoenzymes, with a particular focus on nicotinamide-dependent enzymes. The diversity of molecules obtained is highlighted and in several cases, strategies that allow control of the stereochemical outcome of the reactions are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Hall
- Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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2
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Saito K, Ikeda T, Yamamura Y, Saitoh H, Hishida M, Kobayashi Y, Fujita T, Ichikawa J. Cell-quintupling: Structural phase transition in a molecular crystal, bis(trans-4-butylcyclohexyl)methanol. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:074503. [PMID: 28228039 DOI: 10.1063/1.4976318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A structural phase transition at 151.6 K of the title compound [bis(trans-4-butylcyclohexyl)methanol] is examined by X-ray diffraction crystallography, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and adiabatic calorimetry. A general consideration on possible superstructures indicates that a single modulation wave is sufficient to drive this cell-quintupling transition. The entropy of transition determined calorimetrically indicates that two conformations are dominant in the room-temperature phase in contrast to the fivefold disorder expected from the structure of the low-temperature phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ikeda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Yamamura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Hideki Saitoh
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Mafumi Hishida
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Yutaro Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fujita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Junji Ichikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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3
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First chemo-enzymatic synthesis of the ( R)-Taniguchi lactone and substrate profiles of CAMO and OTEMO, two new Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2016; 148:157-165. [PMID: 28127101 PMCID: PMC5225235 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-016-1873-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study investigates the substrate profile of cycloalkanone monooxygenase and 2-oxo-Δ3-4,5,5-trimethylcyclopentenylacetyl-coenzyme A monooxygenase, two recently discovered enzymes of the Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase family, used as whole-cell biocatalysts. Biooxidations of a diverse set of ketones were performed on analytical scale: desymmetrization of substituted prochiral cyclobutanones and cyclohexanones, regiodivergent oxidation of terpenones and bicyclic ketones, as well as kinetic resolution of racemic cycloketones. We demonstrated the applicability of the title enzymes in the enantioselective synthesis of (R)-(-)-Taniguchi lactone, a building block for the preparation of various natural product analogs such as ent-quinine. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Gładkowski W, Skrobiszewski A, Mazur M, Siepka M, Białońska A. Convenient Chemoenzymatic Route to Optically Active β-Aryl-δ-iodo-γ-lactones and β-Aryl-γ-iodo-δ-lactones with the Defined Configurations of Stereogenic Centers. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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5
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Functional divergence between closely related Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases from Aspergillus flavus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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6
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Fink MJ, Rial DV, Kapitanova P, Lengar A, Rehdorf J, Cheng Q, Rudroff F, Mihovilovic MD. Quantitative Comparison of Chiral Catalysts Selectivity and Performance: A Generic Concept Illustrated with Cyclododecanone Monooxygenase as Baeyer-Villiger Biocatalyst. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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7
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Zhang ZG, Parra LP, Reetz MT. Protein Engineering of Stereoselective Baeyer-Villiger Monooxygenases. Chemistry 2012; 18:10160-72. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Leisch H, Shi R, Grosse S, Morley K, Bergeron H, Cygler M, Iwaki H, Hasegawa Y, Lau PCK. Cloning, Baeyer-Villiger biooxidations, and structures of the camphor pathway 2-oxo-Δ(3)-4,5,5-trimethylcyclopentenylacetyl-coenzyme A monooxygenase of Pseudomonas putida ATCC 17453. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:2200-12. [PMID: 22267661 PMCID: PMC3302634 DOI: 10.1128/aem.07694-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A dimeric Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO) catalyzing the lactonization of 2-oxo-Δ(3)-4,5,5-trimethylcyclopentenylacetyl-coenzyme A (CoA), a key intermediate in the metabolism of camphor by Pseudomonas putida ATCC 17453, had been initially characterized in 1983 by Ougham and coworkers (H. J. Ougham, D. G. Taylor, and P. W. Trudgill, J. Bacteriol. 153:140-152, 1983). Here we cloned and overexpressed the 2-oxo-Δ(3)-4,5,5-trimethylcyclopentenylacetyl-CoA monooxygenase (OTEMO) in Escherichia coli and determined its three-dimensional structure with bound flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) at a 1.95-Å resolution as well as with bound FAD and NADP(+) at a 2.0-Å resolution. OTEMO represents the first homodimeric type 1 BVMO structure bound to FAD/NADP(+). A comparison of several crystal forms of OTEMO bound to FAD and NADP(+) revealed a conformational plasticity of several loop regions, some of which have been implicated in contributing to the substrate specificity profile of structurally related BVMOs. Substrate specificity studies confirmed that the 2-oxo-Δ(3)-4,5,5-trimethylcyclopentenylacetic acid coenzyme A ester is preferred over the free acid. However, the catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) favors 2-n-hexyl cyclopentanone (4.3 × 10(5) M(-1) s(-1)) as a substrate, although its affinity (K(m) = 32 μM) was lower than that of the CoA-activated substrate (K(m) = 18 μM). In whole-cell biotransformation experiments, OTEMO showed a unique enantiocomplementarity to the action of the prototypical cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO) and appeared to be particularly useful for the oxidation of 4-substituted cyclohexanones. Overall, this work extends our understanding of the molecular structure and mechanistic complexity of the type 1 family of BVMOs and expands the catalytic repertoire of one of its original members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Leisch
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stephan Grosse
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Krista Morley
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hélène Bergeron
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Miroslaw Cygler
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hiroaki Iwaki
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology and ORDIST, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshie Hasegawa
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology and ORDIST, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Peter C. K. Lau
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Departments of Chemistry and Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and FRQNT Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Graus S, Uriel S, Serrano JL. Supramolecular hydrogen-bonding patterns in 4′-substituted cyclohexane-5-spirohydantoin. CrystEngComm 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ce06560f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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García-Urdiales E, Alfonso I, Gotor V. Update 1 of: Enantioselective Enzymatic Desymmetrizations in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2011; 111:PR110-80. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100330u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo García-Urdiales
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad
de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain,
and
| | - Ignacio Alfonso
- Departamento de Química Biológica
y Modelización Molecular, Instituto de Química Avanzada
de Cataluña (IQAC, CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034, Barcelona,
Spain
| | - Vicente Gotor
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad
de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain,
and
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11
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Leisch H, Morley K, Lau PCK. Baeyer−Villiger Monooxygenases: More Than Just Green Chemistry. Chem Rev 2011; 111:4165-222. [DOI: 10.1021/cr1003437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Leisch
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Krista Morley
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Peter C. K. Lau
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
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de Gonzalo G, Mihovilovic MD, Fraaije MW. Recent developments in the application of Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases as biocatalysts. Chembiochem 2011; 11:2208-31. [PMID: 20936617 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) represent a specific class of monooxygenases that are capable of catalyzing a variety of oxidation reactions, including Baeyer-Villiger oxidations. The recently elucidated BVMO crystal structures have provided a more detailed insight into the complex mechanism of these flavin-containing enzymes. Biocatalytic studies on a number of newly discovered BVMOs have shown that they are very potent oxidative biocatalysts. In addition to catalyzing the regio- and enantioselective Baeyer-Villiger oxidations of a wide range of carbonylic compounds, epoxidations, and enantioselective sulfoxidations have also been shown to be part of their catalytic repertoire. This review provides an overview on the recent developments in BVMO-mediated biocatalytic processes, identification of the catalytic role of these enzymes in metabolic routes and prodrug activation, as well as the efforts in developing effective biocatalytic methodologies to apply BVMOs for the synthesis of high added value compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo de Gonzalo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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13
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Graus S, Casabona D, Uriel S, Cativiela C, Serrano JL. Supramolecular arrangements based on cyclohexane-5-spirohydantoin derivatives. CrystEngComm 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c001232g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Kayser MM. ‘Designer reagents’ recombinant microorganisms: new and powerful tools for organic synthesis. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Mihovilovic M, Grötzl B, Kandioller W, Muskotál A, Snajdrova R, Rudroff F, Spreitzer H. Recombinant Whole-Cell MediatedBaeyer–Villiger Oxidation of Perhydropyran-Type Ketones. Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:490-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Rial DV, Bianchi DA, Kapitanova P, Lengar A, van Beilen JB, Mihovilovic MD. Stereoselective Desymmetrizations by Recombinant Whole Cells Expressing the Baeyer–Villiger Monooxygenase fromXanthobacter sp. ZL5: A New Biocatalyst Accepting Structurally Demanding Substrates. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Hall M, Stueckler C, Ehammer H, Pointner E, Oberdorfer G, Gruber K, Hauer B, Stuermer R, Kroutil W, Macheroux P, Faber K. Asymmetric Bioreduction of CC Bonds using Enoate Reductases OPR1, OPR3 and YqjM: Enzyme-Based Stereocontrol. Adv Synth Catal 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200700458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Mihovilovic MD, Kapitán P, Kapitánová P. Regiodivergent Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of fused ketones by recombinant whole-cell biocatalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2008; 1:143-148. [PMID: 18605677 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.200700069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant Escherichia coli cells expressing monooxygenases of different bacterial origin were evaluated in microbial Baeyer-Villiger oxidations of racemic fused ketones. During the enzymatic oxidation process, both the "normal" lactone generated by migration of the more-substituted carbon atom and/or the "abnormal" lactone resulting from migration of the less-substituted carbon atom can be formed. Depending on the nature of the Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase, either a regiodivergent biooxygenation to both lactones in high optical purities was observed or essentially racemic "normal" rearrangement product was formed. The complementary behavior of enzymes was found to correlate with our previous observation of clustering of cycloketone-oxidizing proteins into two distinct clusters based on phylogenetic relationship and biocatalyst performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko D Mihovilovic
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
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20
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Kayser MM, Clouthier CM. New bioorganic reagents: evolved cyclohexanone monooxygenase--why is it more selective? J Org Chem 2007; 71:8424-30. [PMID: 17064015 DOI: 10.1021/jo061349t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Four mutants of the cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO) evolved as catalysts for Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of 4-hydroxycyclohexanone were investigated as catalysts for a variety of 4-substituted and 4,4-disubstituted cyclohexanones. Several excellent catalytic matches (mutant/substrate) were identified. The most important, however, is the finding that, in a number of cases, a mutant with a single exchange, Phe432Ser, was shown to be as robust and more selective as a catalyst than the wild-type CHMO. All biotransformations were performed on a laboratory scale, allowing full characterization of the products. The absolute configurations of two products were established. A model suggesting a possible role of the 432 serine residue in enantioselectivity control is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Kayser
- Department of Physical Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, E2L 4L5 Canada.
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Clouthier CM, Kayser MM, Reetz MT. Designing new Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases using restricted CASTing. J Org Chem 2007; 71:8431-7. [PMID: 17064016 DOI: 10.1021/jo0613636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper outlines the design and execution of the first mini-evolution of cyclopentanone monooxygenase (CPMO). The methodology described is a relatively inexpensive and rapid way to obtain mutant enzymes with the desired characteristics. Several successful mutants with enhanced enantioselectivities were identified. For example, mutant-catalyzed oxidation of 4-methoxycyclohexanone gave the corresponding lactone with 92% entantiometric excess (ee) compared to the 46% ee achieved with wild-type cyclohexanone monoxygenase (WT-CHMO). The original design of the mini-evolution and the following evaluation of mutants can provide valuable insights into the active site's construction and dynamics and can suggest other catalytically profitable mutations within the putative active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Clouthier
- Department of Physical Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, E2L 4L5 Canada
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Hall M, Stueckler C, Kroutil W, Macheroux P, Faber K. Asymmetric Bioreduction of Activated Alkenes Using Cloned 12-Oxophytodienoate Reductase Isoenzymes OPR-1 and OPR-3 fromLycopersicon esculentum (Tomato): A Striking Change of Stereoselectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:3934-7. [PMID: 17431865 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200605168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Hall M, Stueckler C, Kroutil W, Macheroux P, Faber K. Asymmetric Bioreduction of Activated Alkenes Using Cloned 12-Oxophytodienoate Reductase Isoenzymes OPR-1 and OPR-3 fromLycopersicon esculentum (Tomato): A Striking Change of Stereoselectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200605168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Clouthier CM, Kayser MM. Biotransformations with engineered E. coli cells expressing wild-type and mutant Baeyer–Villiger monooxygenases under non-growing conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2007.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Increasing the enantioselectivity of cyclopentanone monooxygenase (CPMO): profile of new CPMO mutants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Mihovilovic MD, Snajdrova R, Grötzl B. Microbial Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of 4,4-disubstituted cyclohexan- and cyclohexenones by recombinant whole-cells expressing monooxygenases of bacterial origin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2006.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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Rudroff F, Alphand V, Furstoss R, Mihovilovic MD. Optimizing Fermentation Conditions of Recombinant Escherichia coli Expressing Cyclopentanone Monooxygenase. Org Process Res Dev 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/op0502654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Rudroff
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria, and Groupe Biocatalyse et Chimie Fine, UMR CNRS 6111, Université de la Méditerranée, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, Case 901, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Véronique Alphand
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria, and Groupe Biocatalyse et Chimie Fine, UMR CNRS 6111, Université de la Méditerranée, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, Case 901, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Roland Furstoss
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria, and Groupe Biocatalyse et Chimie Fine, UMR CNRS 6111, Université de la Méditerranée, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, Case 901, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Marko D. Mihovilovic
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria, and Groupe Biocatalyse et Chimie Fine, UMR CNRS 6111, Université de la Méditerranée, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, Case 901, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
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Mihovilovic MD, Rudroff F, Winninger A, Schneider T, Schulz F, Reetz MT. Microbial Baeyer−Villiger Oxidation: Stereopreference and Substrate Acceptance of Cyclohexanone Monooxygenase Mutants Prepared by Directed Evolution. Org Lett 2006; 8:1221-4. [PMID: 16524308 DOI: 10.1021/ol0601040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] An array of random mutants of cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO) from Acinetobacter sp. NCIMB 9871 was screened against a library of structurally diverse ketones for modifications in the substrate acceptance profile and stereopreference of the enzymatic Baeyer-Villiger biooxidation. While the set of mutant biocatalysts was initially evolved for the enantiocomplementary oxidation of 4-hydroxycyclohexanone, improved and/or divergent stereoselectivities were observed for several substrates. In addition, expanded substrate acceptance to facilitate biotransformation of sterically demanding ketones was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko D Mihovilovic
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
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Ferreira-Torres C, Micheletti M, Lye GJ. Microscale process evaluation of recombinant biocatalyst libraries: application to Baeyer–Villiger monooxygenase catalysed lactone synthesis. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2005; 28:83-93. [PMID: 16208497 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-005-0422-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2005] [Accepted: 04/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microscale processing techniques are rapidly emerging as a cost- effective means for parallel experimentation and hence the evaluation of large libraries of recombinant biocatalysts. In this work, the potential of an automated microscale process is demonstrated in a linked sequence of operations comprising fermentation, enzyme induction and bioconversion using three whole-cell biocatalysts each expressing cyclohexanone monoxygenase (CHMO). The biocatalysts, Escherichia coli TOP 10 [pQR239], E. coli JM107 and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NCIMB 9871, were first produced in 96-deep square well fermentations at various carbon source concentrations (10 and 20 g L(-1) glycerol). Following induction of CHMO activity biomass concentrations of up to 6 gDCW L(-1) were obtained. Cells from each fermentation were subsequently used for the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-one, cyclohexanone and cyclopentanone. Each bioconversion was performed at two initial substrate concentrations (0.5 and 1.0 g L(-1)) in order to simultaneously explore both substrate specificity and inhibition. The microscale process sequences yielded quantitative and reproducible data for each biocatalyst on maximum growth rate, biomass yield, initial rate of lactone formation, specific biocatalyst activity and bioconversion yield. E. coli TOP 10 [pQR239] was demonstrated to be an efficient biocatalyst showing substrate specificities and substrate inhibition effects in line with previous studies. Finally, in order to show that the data obtained with E. coli TOP 10 [pQR239] at microwell scale (1,000 microL) could be related to larger scales of operation, the process was performed in a 2-L stirred-tank bioreactor. Using conditions designed to enable microwell kinetic measurements under none oxygen-limited conditions, the fermentation and bioconversion data obtained at the two scales showed good quantitative agreement. This study therefore confirms the potential of automated microscale experimentation for the whole-process evaluation of recombinant biocatalyst libraries and the specification of pilot and process scale operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ferreira-Torres
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
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30
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Brzostowicz PC, Walters DM, Jackson RE, Halsey KH, Ni H, Rouvière PE. Proposed involvement of a soluble methane monooxygenase homologue in the cyclohexane-dependent growth of a new Brachymonas species. Environ Microbiol 2005; 7:179-90. [PMID: 15658985 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2004.00681.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput mRNA differential display (DD) was used to identify genes induced by cyclohexane in Brachymonas petroleovorans CHX, a recently isolated beta-proteobacterium that grows on cyclohexane. Two metabolic gene clusters were identified multiple times in independent reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) in the course of this DD experiment. These clusters encode genes believed to be required for cyclohexane metabolism. One gene cluster (8 kb) encodes the subunits of a multicomponent hydroxylase related to the soluble butane of Pseudomonas butanovora and methane monooxygenases (sMMO) of methanotrophs. We propose that this butane monooxygenase homologue carries out the oxidation of cyclohexane into cyclohexanol during growth. A second gene cluster (11 kb) contains almost all the genes required for the oxidation of cyclohexanol to adipic acid. Real-time PCR experiments confirmed that genes from both clusters are induced by cyclohexane. The role of the Baeyer-Villiger cyclohexanone monooxygenase of the second cluster was confirmed by heterologous expression in Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia C Brzostowicz
- E. I. Dupont de Nemours and Company, Central Research and Development, Wilmington, DE 19880-0328, USA
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31
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García-Urdiales E, Alfonso I, Gotor V. Enantioselective enzymatic desymmetrizations in organic synthesis. Chem Rev 2005; 105:313-54. [PMID: 15720156 DOI: 10.1021/cr040640a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 396] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo García-Urdiales
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33071 Oviedo, Spain
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32
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Mihovilovic MD, Rudroff F, Grötzl B, Stanetty P. Microbial Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation of Prochiral Polysubstituted Cyclohexanones by Recombinant Whole-Cells Expressing Two Bacterial Monooxygenases. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200400676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Carballeira JD, Quezada MA, Alvarez E, Sinisterra JV. High throughput screening and QSAR-3D/CoMFA: useful tools to design predictive models of substrate specificity for biocatalysts. Molecules 2004; 9:673-93. [PMID: 18007469 DOI: 10.3390/90800673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2004] [Accepted: 07/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
After a hierarchical microbial screening process, new microorganisms have been discovered that act as biocatalysts for the stereoselective oxidation of secondary alcohols or for ketone reduction. Oxidation activity is more widespread in yeasts and bacteria, while actinomycetes, filamentous fungi and yeasts present the highest reduction activities. QSAR-3D/CoMFA is an adequate technique to design predictive models of the biocatalysts' activity. In this paper CoMFA models are designed to compare the activities of the biocatalysts selected for the oxidation of alcohols and for the reduction of ketones, starting from the results obtained during the screening process. These models are useful for learning about the activity of these microorganisms and to compare the substrate specificity requirements between alcohol oxidation and ketone reduction biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Carballeira
- Biotransformations Group, Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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