1
|
Reichl A, Schutt R, Walsh J, Prieto J, Sykes AG, Bickler S, Ignacio R. Challenges in Oncologic Preparedness: A Retrospective Review of Incident Surgical Cancers During Pacific Partnership Missions, 2008-2016. Mil Med 2020; 187:e76-e81. [PMID: 33372673 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usaa488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For over 30 years, the USNS Mercy hospital ship has provided surgical care on multiple humanitarian aid and disaster relief missions. During these missions, surgical support varies according to host nation needs, and the operative treatment of cancer patients remains controversial. We report the number of incidentally discovered surgical oncologic cases treated aboard the USNS Mercy on four missions and discuss challenges regarding oncologic care on these missions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between 2008 and 2016, operative cases and surgical pathology results from four multinational humanitarian missions were analyzed according to organ system, patient's geographic location, and diagnosis. Primary outcomes were total number and proportion of malignant cases, analyzed yearly and over all four missions. Secondary outcomes were malignant diagnoses by organ system and host nation health capacities (based on indicators from the WHO). RESULTS A total of 2,767 operations were performed during 18 port visits in 8 countries in Southeast Asia. In total, 1,193 pathology specimens (surgical biopsies, fine needle aspirations, etc.) were obtained. Overall malignancy rate across all organ systems was 9%. Yearly malignancy rates ranged from 2% to 13%. The highest malignancy rates were found in thyroid (33%), breast (20%), and parotid and salivary gland cases (19%). All host nations had operational strategies for cancer in place (n = 8, 100%), but few had national infrastructures to treat noncommunicable diseases (n = 2, 25%). CONCLUSIONS Despite current policies to screen out cancer patients on USNS Mercy missions, 9% of surgical biopsies were malignant. Cancer management during these missions presents a unique challenge because of limited resources for surgery, chemoradiotherapy, and follow-up care. Contingency plans must be considered to provide completion of care for these patients whose cancers are discovered incidentally. Furthermore, an understanding of host nation capabilities in relation to medical and surgical care is crucial to providing treatment in resource-limited areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison Reichl
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ryan Schutt
- Department of Surgery, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA 92134, USA
| | - John Walsh
- Department of Pathology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA 92134, USA
| | - James Prieto
- Department of Surgery, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA 92134, USA.,Department of Pathology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Alicia G Sykes
- Department of Surgery, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA 92134, USA.,Department of Pathology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Stephen Bickler
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Pathology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Romeo Ignacio
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Pathology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang CX. The protective role of DMBT1 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2019; 35:739-749. [PMID: 31400059 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the possible influence of deleted in malignant brain tumor 1 (DMBT1) in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). DMBT1 expression was detected by Real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry in CSCC and adjacent normal tissues from 167 CSCC patients, and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis was analyzed. Besides, the in vitro experiments, including MTT, Cell-Light EdU, Wound-healing, Transwell invasion, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blot, were performed in SiHa and CaSKi cells, which were both divided into Blank, Vector, and DMBT1 groups. The mRNA level and the positive expression rate of DMBT1 in CSCC tissues were lower than the adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, DMBT1 positive rate was linked to FIGO stage, tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis, and tumor differentiation of CSCC. Besides, patients with positive DMBT1 expression had higher 5-year survival rate than those negative ones. According to the in vitro experiments, SiHa and CaSKi cells with overexpressed DMBT1 showed the inhibition of proliferative ability and the enhancement of apoptosis with the upregulated pro-apoptosis proteins (Bax and Cleaved caspase-3) and down-regulated anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2. Moreover, compared with Blank group, DMBT1 group presented decrease in the migration and invasion of SiHa and CaSKi cells with the down-expression of interstitial markers (N-cadherin and Vimentin) and the up-expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin. DMBT1 was decreased in CSCC, whereas its overexpression can not only inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion, but induce the apoptosis of human CSCC cells, being a novel strategy for CSCC treatment.
Collapse
|
3
|
Dy GW, Gore JL, Forouzanfar MH, Naghavi M, Fitzmaurice C. Global Burden of Urologic Cancers, 1990–2013. Eur Urol 2017; 71:437-446. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
4
|
Matwijczuk A, Kluczyk D, Górecki A, Niewiadomy A, Gagoś M. Spectroscopic Studies of Fluorescence Effects in Bioactive 4-(5-Heptyl-1,3,4-Thiadiazol-2-yl)Benzene-1,3-Diol and 4-(5-Methyl-1,3,4-Thiadiazol-2-yl)Benzene-1,3-Diol Molecules Induced by pH Changes in Aqueous Solutions. J Fluoresc 2017; 27:1201-1212. [PMID: 28247069 PMCID: PMC5487764 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-017-2053-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the results of stationary fluorescence spectroscopy and time-resolved spectroscopy analyses of two 1,3,4-thiadiazole analogues, i.e. 4-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzene-1,3-diol (C1) and 4-(5-heptyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzene-1,3-diol (C7) in an aqueous medium containing different concentrations of hydrogen ions. An interesting dual florescence effect was observed when both compounds were dissolved in aqueous solutions at pH below 7 for C1 and 7.5 for C7. In turn, for C1 and C7 dissolved in water at pH higher than the physiological value (mentioned above), single fluorescence was only noted. Based on previous results of investigations of the selected 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds, it was noted that the presented effects were associated with both conformational changes in the analysed molecules and charge transfer (CT) effects, which were influenced by the aggregation factor. However, in the case of C1 and C7, the dual fluorescence effects were visible in a higher energetic region (different than that observed in the 1,3,4-thiadiazoles studied previously). Measurements of the fluorescence lifetimes in a medium characterised by different concentrations of hydrogen ions revealed clear lengthening of the excited-state lifetime in a pH range at which dual fluorescence effects can be observed. An important finding of the investigations presented in this article is the fact that the spectroscopic effects observed not only are interesting from the cognitive point of view but also can help in development of an appropriate theoretical model of molecular interactions responsible for the dual fluorescence effects in the analysed 1,3,4-thiadiazoles. Furthermore, the study will clarify a broad range of biological and pharmaceutical applications of these compounds, which are more frequently used in clinical therapies. Graphical Abstract Upper left corner - C7 molecule at high pH, right upper corner - fluorescence emission spectrum for C7 dissolved in H2O at high pH (7-12) - single fluorescence. Bottom left corner - C7 molecule at low pH (1-7), lower right corner - fluorescence emission spectrum for C7 dissolved in water at low pH - two fluorescence emissions. The circles indicate the group related to dissociation of molecules at low and high pH and the additional long circles indicate C1 or a molecule with a shorter acyl chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Matwijczuk
- Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Kluczyk
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Górecki
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology of the Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Niewiadomy
- Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Annopol 6, 03-236, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gagoś
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Perioperative Medicine within the Context of Global Health: A Billion Shades of Grey, Weighing it up, and the Emperor of All Maladies. Int Anesthesiol Clin 2016; 54:4-18. [PMID: 27648887 DOI: 10.1097/aia.0000000000000114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|