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The feasibility and efficacy of the home-based exercise programs in patients with cognitive impairment: A pilot study. Geriatr Nurs 2022; 45:108-117. [PMID: 35395598 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the feasibility and efficacy of home-based aerobic and resistance exercise interventions for geriatric individuals with cognitive impairment. METHODS Fourteen participants with cognitive impairment were allocated to either the aerobic group (n = 8) or the resistance group (n = 6), after which they implemented a two-month home-based training program. Feasibility and efficacy outcomes were evaluated. A semi-structured interview was performed after the intervention. RESULTS All fourteen participants completed the two-month training program. The adherence rate was 0.94 for the aerobic group and 0.96 for the resistance group. No adverse events occurred. The results revealed a trend of group×time interaction effect on delayed recall. Significant group×time interaction effects were revealed on simple physical performance and body composition. Semi-structured interviews identified four motivators for participating in this program, four facilitators for and three barriers to keeping exercising, and some perceived benefits. CONCLUSION Home-based aerobic and resistance exercise programs are feasible for geriatric individuals with cognitive impairment. The efficacy needs to be further examined.
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Gómez-Soria I, Ferreira C, Oliván Blazquez B, Magallón Botaya RM, Calatayud E. Short-term memory, attention, and temporal orientation as predictors of the cognitive impairment in older adults: A cross-sectional observational study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261313. [PMID: 34928983 PMCID: PMC8687627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-life cognitive decline ranges from the mildest cases of normal, age-related change to mild cognitive impairment to severe cases of dementia. Dementia is the largest global burden for the 21st century welfare and healthcare systems. The aim of this study was to analyze the neuropsychological constructs (temporal orientation (TO), spatial orientation (SO), fixation memory (FM), attention (A), calculation (C), short-term memory (STM), language (L), and praxis (P)), semantic fluency, level of functionality, and mood that reveal the greatest deficit in the different stages ranging from normal cognition (NC) to cognitive impairment in older adults in a primary healthcare setting. The study included 337 participants (102 men, 235 women), having a mean age of 74 ± 6 years. According to their scores on the Spanish version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MEC-35), subjects were divided into 4 groups: no deterioration (ND) (score 32-35), subtle cognitive impairment (SCI) (score 28-31), level deterioration (LD) (score 24-27) and moderate deterioration (MD) (score 20-23). The ND group revealed significant differences in TO, STM, C, A, L, P, and S-T as compared to the other groups. The MD group (in all the neuropsychological constructs) and the ND and SCI groups showed significant differences on the Yesavage geriatric depression scale (GDS-15). All except the FM neuropsychological construct were part of the MEC-35 prediction model and all of the regression coefficients were significant for these variables in the model. Furthermore, the highest average percentage of relative deterioration occurs between LD and MD and the greatest deterioration is observed in the STM for all groups, including A and TO for the LD and MD groups. Based on our findings, community programs have been implemented that use cognitive stimulation to prevent cognitive decline and to maintain the neuropsychological constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Gómez-Soria
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing,
University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute of Health Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza,
Spain
| | - Chelo Ferreira
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Applied Mathematics and
IUMA, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Bárbara Oliván Blazquez
- Institute of Health Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza,
Spain
- Faculty of Social and Labor Sciences, Department of Psychology and
Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosa Mª Magallón Botaya
- Institute of Health Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza,
Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology,
University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Estela Calatayud
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing,
University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute of Health Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza,
Spain
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Zhang JJ, Li L, Liu D, Hu FF, Cheng GR, Xu L, Yan PT, Tian Y, Hu H, Yu YF, Gan XG, An LN, Zhang B, Qian J, Fu LY, Cheng X, Lian PF, Zou MJ, Chen C, Wu QM, Zeng Y. Urban-Rural Disparities in the Association Between Body Mass Index and Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in Central China. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:1741-1752. [PMID: 34459393 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies have demonstrated an association between low and high body mass index (BMI) and an increased risk of dementia. However, only a few of these studies were performed in rural areas. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study investigated the associations between BMI and cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults from rural and urban areas. METHODS 8,221 older persons enrolled in the Hubei Memory & Ageing Cohort Study (HMACS) were recruited. Sociodemographic and lifestyle data, comorbidities, physical measurements, and clinical diagnoses of cognitive impairment were analyzed. Logistic regression was performed to assess the associations of BMI categories with cognitive impairment. A series of sensitivity analyses were conducted to test whether reverse causality could influence our results. RESULTS Being underweight in the rural-dwelling participants increased the risk of cognitive impairment. Being overweight was a protective factor in rural-dwelling participants aged 65-69 years and 75-79 years, whereas being underweight was significantly associated with cognitive impairment (OR, 1.37; 95% CI: 1.03-1.83; p < 0.05). Sensitivity analyses support that underweight had an additive effect on the odds of cognitive impairment and was related to risk of dementia. Interaction test revealed that the differences between urban/rural in the relationship between BMI and cognitive impairment are statistically significant. CONCLUSION Associations between BMI and cognitive impairment differ among urban/rural groups. Older people with low BMI living in rural China are at a higher risk for dementia than those living in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Zhang
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Li
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei-Fei Hu
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gui-Rong Cheng
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lang Xu
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping-Ting Yan
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Hu
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Fu Yu
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu-Guang Gan
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Na An
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Qian
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Yan Fu
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng-Fei Lian
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming-Jun Zou
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing-Ming Wu
- Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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