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Ben Waer F, Alexe DI, Lahiani M, Sanchez-Gomez R, Chaari F, Alexe CI, Tohanean DI, Rebai H, Iconomescu TM, Talaghir LG, Sahli S. Pilates versus Zumba training effects on postural control under conflicting sensory conditions in postmenopausal women. Exp Gerontol 2024; 188:112383. [PMID: 38377666 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The current study aimed to compare the effects of Pilates versus Zumba training on postural performance in middle-aged postmenopausal women. Fifty-seven eligible women, aged between 50 and 60 years, were randomized into three groups: Zumba (ZG) group, Pilates (PG) group or control (CG) group. Postural control was assessed using a force platform under 4 sensory manipulation conditions: on firm and foam surfaces with eyes opened (EO) and closed (EC). Our results showed more marked adaptations in favor of ZG concerning postural performance compared to PG. For the PG, postural control was significantly improved only in simple postural conditions on the firm surface with EO (p < 0.1) and EC (p < 0.05) conditions. However, postural control of the ZG significantly improved in both the simple and complex postural conditions, even under conflicting sensory situations (firm surface/EO (p < 0.001; 95 % CI: [1.34, 4.46]), EC (p < 0.001; 95 % CI: [2.13, 5.24])); foam surface/EO (p < 0.01; 95 % CI: [0.70, 8.57]), EC (p < 0.01; 95 % CI: [0.65, 8.52])). In conclusion, Zumba training seems to be more effective and a better strategy to promote postural control in daily living activities and autonomy in postmenopausal women than Pilates training. These findings are useful for public health practitioners in designing physical interventions for balance disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ben Waer
- Research Laboratory Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Dan Iulian Alexe
- Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Movement, Sports and Health, Sciences, "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacău, 600115 Bacău, Romania.
| | - Mariam Lahiani
- Research Laboratory Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rubén Sanchez-Gomez
- Nursing Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria, (IDISSC) Hospital Clinico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fatma Chaari
- Research Laboratory Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Cristina Ioana Alexe
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Performance, Faculty of Movement, Sports and Health Sciences,"Vasile Alecsandri", University of Bacău, 600115 Bacău, Romania
| | - Dragos Ioan Tohanean
- Department of Motric Performance, "Transilvania" University of Brașov, 600115 Brașov, Romania
| | - Haithem Rebai
- Tunisian Research Laboratory 'Sports Performance Optimization', National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), (CNMSS-LR09SEP01), Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Laurențiu Gabriel Talaghir
- Individual sports and physical therapy Department, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati str. Domnesca, nr, 47, Galati 800008, Romania
| | - Sonia Sahli
- Research Laboratory Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
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Divya KL, Nimithamohan K, Bilimale AS, Muralidhar K, Krupp K, Madhivanan P. Role of Social Support in Reducing the Severity of Menopausal Symptoms among Women Living in Rural Mysuru, Karnataka: An Analytical Cross-sectional Study. J Midlife Health 2024; 15:12-18. [PMID: 38764924 PMCID: PMC11100633 DOI: 10.4103/jmh.jmh_180_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Menopause is an unspoken and unaddressed aspect of a women's life, surrounded by many myths and taboos within the Indian context. Although a majority of menopausal women experience moderate to severe symptoms that can affect their physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being, there is poor health literacy as well as health-seeking behavior among them. The importance of social support, especially at a difficult time like menopause, is bound to minimize the severity of menopausal symptoms. Objectives The objective is to assess the severity of menopausal symptoms among women living in rural communities of Mysuru district, and to examine the relationship of perceived social support during menopausal transition to severity of the symptoms. Materials and Methods Between May 2022 and December 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 women living in rural communities of Mysuru district, Karnataka. An interviewer-administered survey in Kannada was used to record the severity of menopausal symptoms and associated determinants after completion of informed consent process. Results The average age of study participants was 50.9 (standard deviation [SD] ±4.6) years. While 77.2% were married, 20.8% were widows. About half (53.6%) belonged to lower socioeconomic class and another 28% belonged to middle class. The mean age at menopause was 47.6 (SD ± 4.24) years; 56.8% reported experiencing moderate-to-severe symptoms; 75.6% reported high social support while 24.4% of women low-to-medium social support. The odds of experiencing moderate-to-severe menopause symptoms were 4.51 (95% confidence interval: 2.337-8.690) times higher among women who received low-to-medium social support as compared to those with high social support. The social support obtained was directly proportional to socioeconomic status and living with spouse. Conclusion The health system should emphasize the role of social support while counseling postmenopausal women. There is a dire need for both community and physician education programs on the social and medical needs of postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. L Divya
- School of Public Health, JSS Medical College, JSS AHER, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Bannimantap, India
| | - K. Nimithamohan
- School of Public Health, JSS Medical College, JSS AHER, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Bannimantap, India
| | - Anil S. Bilimale
- School of Public Health, JSS Medical College, JSS AHER, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Bannimantap, India
| | - Kiranmayee Muralidhar
- Public Health Research Institute of India (PHRII), Yadavagiri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Karl Krupp
- Public Health Research Institute of India (PHRII), Yadavagiri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Purnima Madhivanan
- Public Health Research Institute of India (PHRII), Yadavagiri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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Laura B, Maisto D, Pezzulo G. Modeling and controlling the body in maladaptive ways: an active inference perspective on non-suicidal self-injury behaviors. Neurosci Conscious 2023; 2023:niad025. [PMID: 38028726 PMCID: PMC10681710 DOI: 10.1093/nc/niad025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant number of persons engage in paradoxical behaviors, such as extreme food restriction (up to starvation) and non-suicidal self-injuries, especially during periods of rapid changes, such as adolescence. Here, we contextualize these and related paradoxical behavior within an active inference view of brain functions, which assumes that the brain forms predictive models of bodily variables, emotional experiences, and the embodied self and continuously strives to reduce the uncertainty of such models. We propose that not only in conditions of excessive or prolonged uncertainty, such as in clinical conditions, but also during pivotal periods of developmental transition, paradoxical behaviors might emerge as maladaptive strategies to reduce uncertainty-by "acting on the body"- soliciting salient perceptual and interoceptive sensations, such as pain or excessive levels of hunger. Although such strategies are maladaptive and run against our basic homeostatic imperatives, they might be functional not only to provide some short-term reward (e.g. relief from emotional distress)-as previously proposed-but also to reduce uncertainty and possibly to restore a coherent model of one's bodily experience and the self, affording greater confidence in who we are and what course of actions we should pursue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barca Laura
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Via San Martino della Battaglia 44, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Domenico Maisto
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Via San Martino della Battaglia 44, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Giovani Pezzulo
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Via San Martino della Battaglia 44, Rome 00185, Italy
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Kundu S, Acharya SS. Linkage of premature and early menopause with psychosocial well-being: a moderated multiple mediation approach. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:228. [PMID: 37559104 PMCID: PMC10413596 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Menopause occurring before the age of 40 is premature and between 40 and 44 years age is early, since the natural age of menopause lies between 45 and 50. The endocrine changes that come with menopause include an erratic decline in estrogen levels which affects the brain. Thus, leading to changes in cognitive function in the longer term due to the menopausal transition. The study aims to explore the effect of premature and early menopause on cognitive health, and psychosocial well-being. The moderated multiple mediation hypothesis of the study is that the effect of premature or early menopause is mediated by depression and insomnia, while all the pathways are moderated by smoking habits. DATA AND METHODS The study utilized Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI), 2017-2018, Wave 1 data. The sample of 31,435 women were aged 45 and above and did not undergo hysterectomy. A moderated multiple mediation model was used to understand the association between premature or early menopause (X), insomnia (M1), depression (M2), moderator (W), and cognitive health (Y), while controlling for possible confounders. RESULTS Premature menopause was negatively associated with cognition (β:-0.33; SE:0.12; p < 0.05), whereas positively associated with insomnia (β:0.18; SE:0.03; p < 0.001) and depression (β:0.25; SE:0.04; p < 0.001). There is a moderating effect of smoking or tobacco consumption has a significant moderating effect on the pathways among premature menopause, depression, insomnia and cognition. When the same model was carried out for early menopause (40-44 years), the results were not significant. CONCLUSIONS The findings emphasize the fact that smoking is associated with premature menopause, depression and insomnia. Women who experienced premature menopause has lower cognitive scores, depressive symptoms and insomnia symptoms, which were higher among those who consumed tobacco. The study, strongly recommends the dissemination of information on the negative effects of tobacco consumption and making more informed choices to maintain a healthy life. More research into various methods and therapy is needed to determine the relationship between the age of early menopause and their psychosocial well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampurna Kundu
- Centre of Social Medicine and Community Health, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Sanghmitra Sheel Acharya
- Centre of Social Medicine and Community Health, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India
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Ali A, Syed MAH. Level of Depression and Anxiety on Quality of Life Among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis [Letter]. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:2707-2708. [PMID: 37408847 PMCID: PMC10317753 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s424728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anumta Ali
- Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
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Young H, Kotera Y. Menopause and body image: the protective effect of self-compassion and mediating role of mental distress. BRITISH JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE & COUNSELLING 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/03069885.2021.2009770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Holly Young
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby, UK
| | - Yasuhiro Kotera
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Effect of Hypnosis on Anxiety: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial with Women in Postmenopause. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2021; 28:868-881. [PMID: 34403019 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-021-09810-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety is common, yet often under-treated, among women in postmenopause. This study examined the effect of a hypnotic intervention designed to reduce hot flashes, on anxiety levels of postmenopausal women. Anxiety was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale, and a visual analog scale. Additionally, hypnotizability was tested as a moderator of anxiety reductions. Significant reductions in anxiety were found from baseline to endpoint and follow-up and hypnosis was superior to the control condition. Additionally, ratings of Current Anxiety decreased from pre-session to post-session at each weekly visit and the pre-session scores reduced continuously. Hypnotizability was found to moderate anxiety reductions, but regardless of hypnotizability level participants, on average, experienced significant symptom improvement from baseline scores. These data provide initial support for the use of hypnosis to reduce symptoms of anxiety among postmenopausal women.Trial registration: This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on February 11, 2011 under Identifier number NCT01293695 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01293695?term=Elkins&cond=hot+flashes&draw=2&rank=2 ).
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Biopsychosocial predictors of depressive symptoms in the perimenopause—findings from the Swiss Perimenopause Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:247-254. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Depressive Symptoms among Middle-Aged Women-Understanding the Cause. Brain Sci 2020; 11:brainsci11010026. [PMID: 33379297 PMCID: PMC7824332 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause is an important event in a woman’s life associated with hormonal changes that play a substantial role in the functioning of her body. A decline in the level of estrogens contributes to depressive symptoms and mood disorders during this period. The severity of depressive symptoms experienced by middle-aged women depends on many factors, including sociodemographic data (e.g., menopause, employment status, and marital status) and genetic variables (MAO-A and 5-HTT gene polymorphisms). In order to assess their influence on the development of depression in females, we analyzed 1453 healthy Polish women in different stages of menopause. Based on the results, we found that the l/l + l/s inheritance model for the 5-HTT gene polymorphism was more common in women without and with moderate depressive symptoms according to the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), while the l/s model was more often observed in women with mild depression. Moreover, the overdominant 3/3 + 4/4 genotype of the MAO-A gene polymorphism was more often found in respondents without depressive symptoms, while women with depressive symptoms had more often the overdominant 3/4 genotype.
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Naworska B, Brzęk A, Bąk-Sosnowska M. The Relationship between Health Status and Social Activity of Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women (Health Status and Social Relationships in Menopause). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E8388. [PMID: 33198407 PMCID: PMC7696753 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The quantity and quality of interpersonal relations (including participation in University of the Third Age-U3A) play an important role for women during menopausal changes. Women who have a social network are found to be more positive about menopause, and are less likely to be depressed. This case-control study aimed to analyze the relationship between participating in formal social groups and health status related to physical activity and climacteric and depressive symptoms. The study was conducted among 621 peri- and postmenopausal women aged 50-64 years. The women were classified into two groups: U3A and controls. The participants were selected using a multistage sampling method. The IPAQ (The International Physical Activity Questionnaire), Kupperman Index (KI), and Beck Depression Inventory were used for data collection. Significant differences between the groups were confirmed in the area of professional work (p < 0.001), free time (p < 0.001), and sitting (p < 0.05). The average KI score in the U3A group was higher (t-Student = 2.12, p < 0.05). Depressive symptoms were found in 43.49% of U3A women vs. 51.15% in controls (p < 0.01). We conclude that participation in formal social groups is associated with higher level of physical activity and reduced severity of both climacteric and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Naworska
- Department of Perinatology and Oncological Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 12 Str., 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Anna Brzęk
- Department of Physiotherapy, Chair of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 12 Str., 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Bąk-Sosnowska
- Department of Psychology, Chair of Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 12 Str., 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
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Moseley RL, Druce T, Turner-Cobb JM. 'When my autism broke': A qualitative study spotlighting autistic voices on menopause. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2020; 24:1423-1437. [PMID: 32003226 PMCID: PMC7376624 DOI: 10.1177/1362361319901184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Autistic girls are known to struggle with the onset of menstruation, reporting that during their period, sensory sensitivities are heightened, it becomes more difficult to think clearly and control their emotions and they struggle more with everyday life and self-care. Yet surprisingly, nothing is known about how autistic women handle the menopausal transition in midlife. In non-autistic women, the menopause brings many physical changes and challenging symptoms from hot flushes to feeling more anxious and depressed. Because autistic women are already vulnerable to suicide, poor physical and mental health, and because they may already struggle with planning, controlling their emotions and coping with change, the menopause may be an especially challenging time. Yet, not one single study exists on the menopause in autism, so we conducted an online discussion (focus group) with seven autistic women. They confirmed that very little is known about menopause in autistic people, very little support is available and that menopause might be especially difficult for autistic people. Autism-related difficulties (including sensory sensitivity, socializing with others and communicating needs) were reported to worsen during the menopause, often so dramatically that some participants suggested they found it impossible to continue to mask their struggles. Participants also reported having extreme meltdowns, experiencing anxiety and depression, and feeling suicidal. This study highlights how important it is that professionals pay attention to menopause in autism, and discusses future research directions.
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Simbar M, Nazarpour S, Alavi Majd H, Dodel Andarvar K, Jafari Torkamani Z, Rahnemaie F. Is body image a predictor of women's depression and anxiety in postmenopausal women? BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:202. [PMID: 32375722 PMCID: PMC7201601 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02617-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women in perimenopausal and postmenopausal period are at increased risk of depression and anxiety. Physiologic changes in menopause can change body's appearance and function that may disturb body and then lead to anxiety and depression. This study aims to assess the relationship between body image with anxiety and depression among postmenopausal women. METHODS This descriptive study was performed on 307 women attending to the health centers in Tehran- Iran. Sampling was performed by a multi-staged randomized method. Data were collected by using Beck Depression questionnaire, Spielberger Anxiety Questionnaire, Fisher Body Image Questionnaire and Socio-demographic questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 and using t-test, Pearson and Spearman correlation tests and multiple linear regression methods. RESULTS The average age of the participants was 55.19 ± 4.034 years. Mean scores for body image, anxiety and depression were 163.26 ± 20.38, 12.00 ± 7.71 and 42.70 ± 8.40 respectively. Fifty five percent of women had mild to severe depression and 83.7% of them had mild to severe anxiety. Total score and all domains of body image had a negative correlation with depression and anxiety scores (P < 0.001). Multiple linear correlation showed that body image is a predictor for depression and anxiety (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Body image of women can be effective on occurrence of depression and anxiety in menopause. Therefore, women's health policies should consider body image to control cognitive problems including depression and anxiety in menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Simbar
- grid.411600.2Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411600.2Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Nazarpour
- Department of Midwifery, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.
| | - Hamid Alavi Majd
- grid.411600.2Department of Biostatistics, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Dodel Andarvar
- grid.411600.2Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Jafari Torkamani
- grid.411600.2Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahnemaie
- grid.411600.2Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Thakur M, Kaur M, Sinha AK. Assessment of menopausal symptoms in different transition phases using the Greene Climacteric Scale among rural women of North India. Ann Hum Biol 2019; 46:46-55. [PMID: 30822155 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2019.1587508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menopause is the universal physiological process of women's midlife and exhibits a wide variety of symptoms. However, there is little data on the menopausal symptoms and factors associated with their severity among rural Indian women. AIM To evaluate the prevalence of menopausal symptoms during the different transition phases of menopause among rural women of North India. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study consisted of 351 women aged 35-55 years (mean age 44.6 years) residing in rural areas of North India. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data regarding menopausal status, demographic profile and reproductive history of the participants. Frequency and severity of menopausal symptoms were evaluated using the Greene Climacteric Scale in different stages of menopause. All statistical procedures were accomplished using SPSS version 19.0. RESULTS In the present study the mean ages of attainment of menarche and menopause were 14.3 years and 47.2 years, respectively. Mean score of total Greene Climacteric Scale was highest among perimenopausal women (16.12 ± 8.1) over post-menopausal (14.78 ± 7.3) and pre-menopausal women (11.08 ± 6.1). Logistic regression analysis revealed that advancing age, low educational attainment, low socioeconomic status, menopausal status, later age at menarche and higher BMI were all associated with more severe menopausal symptoms. CONCLUSION The climacteric symptoms were more prevalent among women who were perimenopausal followed by post-menopausal women and were the lowest in pre-menopausal women. Age, menopausal status, socio-economic status, and reproductive factors significantly influenced the severity of menopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Thakur
- a Department of Anthropology , Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Maninder Kaur
- a Department of Anthropology , Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
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Bio Psychosocial Risk Factors of Depression in the Menopausal Transition: A Narrative Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ijpbs.12928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Walking balance is mediated by muscle strength and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: an observational study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018; 19:84. [PMID: 29544536 PMCID: PMC5856195 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-018-2000-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depletion of ovarian hormone in postmenopausal women has been associated with changes in the locomotor apparatus that may compromise walking function including muscle atrophy/weakness, weight gain, and bone demineralization. Therefore, handgrip strength (HGS), bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition [percentage body fat mass (%BFM), fat mass (FM), Fat-free mass (FFM) and body mass index (BMI)], may significantly vary and predict WB in postmenopausal women. Consequently, the study sought to 1. Explore body composition, BMD and muscle strength differences between premenopausal and postmenopausal women and 2. Explore how these variables [I.e., body composition, BMD and muscle strength] relate to WB in postmenopausal women. METHOD Fifty-one pre-menopausal (35.74 + 1.52) and 50 postmenopausal (53.32 + 2.28) women were selected by convenience sampling and studied. Six explanatory variables (HGS, BMD, %BFM, FFM, BMI and FM) were explored to predict WB in postmenopausal women: Data collected were analyzed using multiple linear regression, ANCOVA, independent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient at p < 0.05. RESULT Postmenopausal women had higher BMI(t = + 1.72; p = 0.04), %BFM(t = + 2.77; p = .003), FM(t = + 1.77; p = 0.04) and lower HGS(t = - 3.05; p = 0.001),compared to the premenopausal women. The predicted main effect of age on HGS was not significant, F(1, 197) = 0.03, p = 0.06, likewise the interaction between age and %BFM, F(1, 197) = 0.02, p = 0.89; unlike the predicted main effect of %BFM, F(1, 197) = 10.34, p = .002, on HGS. HGS was the highest predictor of WB (t = 2.203; β=0.3046) in postmenopausal women and combined with T-score right big toe (Tscorert) to produce R2 = 0.11;F (2, 47)=4.11;p = 0.02 as the best fit for the predictive model. The variance (R2) change was significant from HGS model (R2 = 0.09;p = 0.03) to HGS + Tscorert model (R2 = 0.11;p = 0.02). The regression model equation was therefore given as: WB =5.4805 + 0.1578(HGS) + (- 1.3532) Tscorert. CONCLUSION There are differences in body composition suggesting re-compartmentalization of the body, which may adversely impact the (HGS) muscle strength in postmenopausal women. Muscle strength and BMD are associated with WB, although, only contribute to a marginal amount of the variance for WB. Therefore, other factors in addition to musculoskeletal health are necessary to mitigate fall risk in postmenopausal women.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anxiety about memory during menopause can affect quality of life. We aimed to improve memory self-efficacy during menopause using a group memory strategies program. METHODS The program was run five times for a total of 32 peri- and postmenopausal women, age between 47 and 60 years, recruited from hospital menopause and gynecology clinics. The 4-week intervention consisted of weekly 2-hour sessions, and covered how memory works, memory changes related to ageing, health and lifestyle factors, and specific memory strategies. Memory contentment (CT), reported frequency of forgetting (FF), use of memory strategies, psychological distress, and attitude toward menopause were measured. A double-baseline design was applied, with outcomes measured on two baseline occasions (1-month prior [T1] and in the first session [T2]), immediately postintervention (T3), and 3-month postintervention (T4). To describe changes in each variable between time points paired sample t tests were conducted. Mixed-effects models comparing the means of random slopes from T2 to T3 with those from T1 to T2 were conducted for each variable to test for treatment effects. RESULTS Examination of the naturalistic changes in outcome measures from T1 to T2 revealed no significant changes (all Ps > 0.05). CT, reported FF, and use of memory strategies improved significantly more from T2 to T3, than from T1 to T2 (all Ps < 0.05). Neither attitude toward menopause nor psychological distress improved significantly more postintervention than during the double-baseline (all Ps > 0.05). Improvements in reported CT and FF were maintained after 3 months. CONCLUSIONS The use of group interventions to improve memory self-efficacy during menopause warrants continued evaluation.
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Im EO, Hu Y, Cheng CY, Ko Y, Chee E, Chee W. Clusters of midlife women identified by cognitive symptoms. Maturitas 2018; 110:33-40. [PMID: 29563033 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to identify clusters of midlife women by their cognitive symptoms and to examine racial/ethnic differences in the clusters. STUDY DESIGN This secondary analysis was conducted on the data from 1054 midlife women of multi-ethnic groups in two Internet studies (conducted from 2005 to 2013). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Only the data from the questions on background characteristics, health status, and menopausal status and the Cognitive Symptom Index for Midlife Women were used for this secondary analysis. The data were analyzed using factor analyses, hierarchical cluster analyses, chi-square tests, multinomial logistic analyses, and analyses of covariance. RESULTS Four clusters were extracted: the low total symptom group (Cluster 1; 49.9%), the low-moderate total symptom group with high tertiary symptoms (Cluster 2; 17.3%), the high-moderate total symptom group with low tertiary symptoms (Cluster 3; 21.2%); and the high total symptom group (Cluster 4; 11.7%). There were significant differences in the level of education, employment status, family income, marital status, social support, the country of birth, race/ethnicity, body mass index, perceived general health, diagnosed disease(s), access to health care, and menopausal status among the clusters (p < .01). There were significant racial/ethnic differences in the total numbers and total severity scores of tertiary symptoms in Cluster 1. Also, there were significant racial/ethnic differences in individual symptoms in each cluster. CONCLUSIONS Racial/ethnic differences in midlife women's cognitive symptoms and multiple factors that might differently influence their cognitive symptoms need to be considered in health care for midlife women in menopausal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ok Im
- Duke University, School of Nursing, 307 Trent Dr., Durham, NC, 27710.
| | - Yun Hu
- Duke University, School of Nursing, 307 Trent Dr., Durham, NC, 27710; Shanghai Jia Tong University, South Chongqing Road, NO. 227, Building 1, 209, Shanghai.
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Duke University, School of Nursing, 307 Trent Dr., Durham, NC, 27710; Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, 261 We-hua 1st Road, Kwei-shan, Tao-yuan, Taiwan.
| | - Young Ko
- Gachon University, School of Nursing, Incheon, South Korea.
| | - Eunice Chee
- North Carolina State University, School of Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Department, Engineering Building III, 911 Oval Drive, Campus Box 7115, Raleigh, NC 27695.
| | - Wonshik Chee
- Duke University, School of Nursing, 307 Trent Dr., Durham, NC, 27710.
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Relationship between Serum Levels of Metalloproteinase-8 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1 and Exercise Test Results in Postmenopausal Women. DISEASE MARKERS 2017; 2016:7169531. [PMID: 28115790 PMCID: PMC5220423 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7169531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity as a part of the lifestyle is a significant factor influencing health condition. Exercises that require stamina are of particular importance. Oxygen metabolism, which is a significant part of all longer training processes, has an influence on cardiovascular and respiratory system functioning as well as all the processes taking part in maintenance of efficient homeostasis. Presentation of the correlation between exercise test results and MMP-8 (metalloproteinase-8) and TIMP-1 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1) levels was attempted in this work. MMP-8 is a proteolytic enzyme taking part in progression of diseases related to process of ageing. 62 healthy women in postmenopausal period were qualified for the study (mean age: 54 ± 3.6). There was exercise test on the treadmill according to Bruce's protocol performed. MMP-8 and TIMP-1 serum levels were measured. There was statistically important correlation between increased level of MMP-8 and increased level of TIMP-1 with lower results of exercise test observed. The conducted study provides further biochemical arguments for prophylactic role of physical activity, which lowers the risk of noninfectious diseases, typical for middle adulthood, by influencing physical capacity.
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de Kruif M, Spijker AT, Molendijk ML. Depression during the perimenopause: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2016; 206:174-180. [PMID: 27475888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women are believed to be more vulnerable to develop a depression or depressive symptoms during the perimenopause. Estimates from individual studies are heterogeneous and hence true risk estimate is unknown. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the risk on clinical depression and depressive symptoms during the perimenopause when compared to other female hormonal stages. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of 11 studies identified in Pubmed, Web of Science and the Cochrane library (up to July 2015). Studies were included when the perimenopause was defined according the criteria of Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW). The outcome measures were Odds Ratio's (OR) on depression diagnosis and depressive symptoms and standardized mean difference (Hedges's g) in depression scores during each menopausal stage. RESULTS The odds to develop a depression were not significantly higher during the perimenopause than in the premenopause (OR=1.78 95% CI=0.99-3.2; p=0.054). A higher risk was found on depressive symptoms during the perimenopause as compared to the premenopause (OR=2.0, 95% CI=1.48-2.71; p<0.001) but not compared to the postmenopause (OR=1.07, 95% CI=0.737-1.571; p=0.70). There was a higher symptom severity of depression in the perimenopause when compared to the premenopause (Hedges's g=0.44, 95% CI=0.11-0.73, p=0.007). The odds on vasomotor symptoms and depression were 2.25 (95% CI=1.14-3.35; p<0.001) during the perimenopause. LIMITATIONS Time interval in measuring the depressive symptoms was different in studies. Menopausal symptoms possibly may have confounded our results by increasing the scores on depression questionnaires. Publication bias needs to be considered. CONCLUSION The perimenopause is a phase in which women are particular vulnerable to develop depressive symptoms and have higher symptom severity compared to the premenopause. There are indications that vasomotor symptoms are positively related to depressive symptoms during menopausal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M de Kruif
- PsyQ Depression Department, Women's Mental Health, Lijnbaan 4, 2512 VA The Hague, The Netherlands.
| | - A T Spijker
- PsyQ Depression Department, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M L Molendijk
- Institute of Psychology, Clinical Psychology Unit, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to identify clusters of midlife women by sleep-related symptoms in multiethnic groups and to examine racial/ethnic differences in the clusters. METHODS This secondary analysis was conducted on data from 1,054 midlife women who participated in two cross-sectional descriptive national Internet surveys. The instruments included questions on background characteristics, health, and menopause status, and the Sleep Index for Midlife Women. The data were analyzed using hierarchical clustering methods, χ2 test, analysis of variance, and multinomial logistic regression analyses. RESULTS A four-cluster solution was adopted: cluster 1 (low total symptoms group), cluster 2 (moderate physical and psychosomatic symptoms group), cluster 3 (moderate psychological symptoms group), and cluster 4 (high total symptoms group). There were significant differences in education, employment status, family income, social support, country of birth, race/ethnicity, body mass index, perceived general health, diagnosed disease, access to health care, and menopause status among clusters (P < 0.05). In cluster 1 only, there were significant racial/ethnic differences in the total number of total severity scores for physical symptoms (P < 0.01). When racial/ethnic differences in individual symptoms in each cluster were determined, there were no consistent racial/ethnic differences. CONCLUSIONS Researchers need to consider that racial/ethnic differences could be prominent in midlife women with low sleep-related symptoms.
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Liu P, Yuan Y, Liu M, Wang Y, Li X, Yang M, Xi S, Ding Y, Liu JE, Xu G, Guo X, Ren Z, Bai W, Yao C. Factors associated with menopausal symptoms among middle-aged registered nurses in Beijing. Gynecol Endocrinol 2015; 31:119-24. [PMID: 25310028 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2014.971237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine factors related to menopause symptoms among middle-aged registered nurses in Beijing. METHODS Self-administered questionnaires that included closed-ended questions on many factors possibly related to menopausal symptoms were distributed to 2100 registered nurses aged 40-55 at 20 hospitals in Beijing, China. RESULTS Menopausal status was most associated with menopausal symptoms (p < 0.01), including hot flashes and sweating, paresthesiae, insomnia, arthralgia/myalgia, palpitations, skin formication and an unsatisfactory sexual life. The odds ratios (ORs) were highest for hot flashes and sweating. Upsetting events in the past year and being pessimistic were significantly inversely correlated with almost all the symptoms analyzed. Hot flashes and sweating (p < 0.01), paresthesiae (p < 0.01), unsatisfactory sexual life (p < 0.01), irritability (p < 0.05), depression or suspicion (p < 0.05) and dizziness (p < 0.05) were negatively correlated with the frequency of sexual activity. CONCLUSION Many factors may influence symptoms of the menopause. We found that menopausal status was most strongly associated with most menopausal symptoms, especially hot flashes and sweating. Psychosocial factors also played an important role. A higher frequency of sexual activity negatively correlated with most menopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihao Liu
- Peking University First Hospital , Beijing , China
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Hakimi S, Simbar M, Ramezani Tehrani F. Perceived concerns of azeri menopausal women in iran. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2014; 16:e11771. [PMID: 25031850 PMCID: PMC4082510 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.11771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menopause is a complex biological phenomenon which is affected by socio-cultural and physiological factors. These factors may cause different experiences and concerns for menopausal women from different countries and even among women of diverse ethnic groups living in the same country. The signs and symptoms of menopause are exacerbated by the negative attitude of menopausal women and their deep concerns. OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore self-experienced concerns of Iranian menopausal women residing in Tabriz. MATERIALS AND METHODS Phenomenological approach was used for analyzing the participants' experiences and perceptions about menopause. Data were collected through 18 semi-structured in-depth interviews; carried out from February to July 2012. Participants were menopausal women aged between 46-57 years who experienced menopause no more than 4 years before the interview. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Constant comparative analysis of the data was conducted using MAXQDA 10. RESULTS Participants' concerns were classified into 4 main themes, including: inability, aging, isolation, and healthiness. CONCLUSIONS Understanding these concerns might contribute to the enrichment of the existing literature by providing evidences from a different culture, assisting to design effective supportive strategies, planning training programs and appropriate infrastructures for women to improve their quality of life during the menopausal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Hakimi
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Masoumeh Simbar
- Safe Motherhood Research Center, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Masoumeh Simbar, Safe Motherhood Research Center, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2188202516, Fax: +98-2188202521, E-mail:
| | - Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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Abstract
This scoping review aimed to examine women's body image during the menopausal transition systematically. A systematic search strategy and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure that only relevant research was included in the review. A total of 15 studies in 17 papers were included highlighting an equivocal relationship between body image and the menopausal transition. The menopausal transition is complex and individual, and should not be examined as a simple positive or negative transition. There is a sense of confusion for women experiencing the menopausal transition due to contradicting medical advice and societal expectations of body image. Currently, the research consists of exploratory-based studies that highlight the importance of researching this field further to aid adaptive coping and self-management across this transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Pearce
- a Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Applied Research Centre for Health & Lifestyle Interventions (ARC-HLI) , Coventry University , Whitefriars Building, Whitefriars Street, Coventry CV1 5FB , UK
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Abstract
Our purpose for this study was to identify clusters of midlife women by menopausal symptoms in a multiethnic sample, and to determine ethnic differences in the clusters. This was a secondary analysis of data from 501 women in a larger Internet study on menopausal symptom experiences. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and multinominal logistic analysis. A three cluster solution was adopted (F = 575.71, p <.01). The clusters differed significantly in the country of birth and ethnicity (p <.05). Only in the low symptomatic cluster were there significant ethnic differences in menopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ok Im
- a School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
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Cross-cultural study: experience, understanding of menopause, and related therapies in Australian and Laotian women. Menopause 2013; 19:1300-8. [PMID: 22929035 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e31825fd14e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate and compare symptom experiences, beliefs, attitudes, and understanding of menopause and menopausal therapies in Australian and Laotian women. METHODS This was a cross-cultural, questionnaire-based study involving 108 women (56 Australian women and 52 Laotian women aged 40-65 y) attending outpatient clinics in Australia and Laos. Descriptive statistics and univariate analysis were conducted using Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test, where appropriate. RESULTS Psychological symptoms, depression, vasomotor symptoms, and sexual dysfunction were significantly higher in Australian women compared with Laotian women (P < 0.05). Australian women perceived the meaning of menopause as aging (57%), whereas most Laotian women reported not knowing what menopause meant to them (81%). Australian women's fears about menopause included weight gain (43%), aging (41%), and breast cancer (38%), whereas Laotian women reported not knowing about potential menopausal problems (85%). Exercise (55%), education and awareness (46%), and improving lifestyle (41%) were reported by Australian women as being effective in alleviating menopausal symptoms, with only 21% reporting not knowing what was effective compared with 83% of Laotian women. Many women reported not knowing the risks/benefits of hormonal therapies (50% of Australian women and 87% of Laotian women) and herbal therapies (79% of Australian women and 92% of Laotian women). General practitioners were the most common source of menopause information for both Australians (73%) and Laotians (67%). CONCLUSIONS Sociocultural factors influence women's perception of menopause. Psychological symptoms, sexual dysfunction, and vasomotor symptoms are more commonly reported by Australian women than by Laotian women. Women have a limited understanding of the risks/benefits of menopausal therapies, and culturally appropriate education is needed.
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Giannella L, Mfuta K, Lamantea R, Boselli F, Torrini B, Prandi S. Loop electrosurgical excision procedure as a life event that impacts on postmenopausal women. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2012; 39:842-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2012.02061.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fausto Boselli
- Mother-Infant Department; Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena; Italy
| | - Barbara Torrini
- Cervical Cancer Screening Centre; IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova; Reggio Emilia; Italy
| | - Sonia Prandi
- Cervical Cancer Screening Centre; IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova; Reggio Emilia; Italy
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Rubinstein HR, Foster JLH. 'I don't know whether it is to do with age or to do with hormones and whether it is do with a stage in your life': making sense of menopause and the body. J Health Psychol 2012; 18:292-307. [PMID: 22904151 DOI: 10.1177/1359105312454040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article discusses a mixed-methods study that explored women's views about menopause and any relationship between these and several measures of body consciousness. A total of 270 women in the United Kingdom completed surveys of menopausal attitudes, self-objectification, body surveillance and body shame. There was a positive association between rating highly on body dissatisfaction scales and holding negative attitudes towards menopause. Interviews (n = 12) were conducted to investigate this further. Menopause was inextricably linked with aging for these women, and changing appearance was a particular concern for women who rated high on self-objectification. The implications of this are discussed.
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Menopausal symptoms: do life events predict severity of symptoms in peri- and post-menopause? Maturitas 2012; 72:324-31. [PMID: 22607812 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 04/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hormonal changes during menopausal transition are linked to physical and psychological symptoms' emergence. This study aims to explore if life events predict menopausal symptoms. METHODS This cross-sectional research encompasses a community sample of 992 women who answered to socio-demographic, health, menopause-related and lifestyle questionnaires; menopausal symptoms and life events were assessed with validated instruments. Structural equation modeling was used to build a causal model. RESULTS Menopausal status predicted only three symptoms: skin/facial hair changes (β=.136; p=.020), sexual (β=.157; p=.004) and, marginally, vasomotor symptoms (β=.094; p=.054). Life events predicted depressive mood (β=-.391; p=.002), anxiety (β=-.271; p=.003), perceived cognitive impairment (β=-.295; p=.003), body shape changes (β=-.136; p=.031), aches/pain (β=-.212; p=.007), skin/facial hair changes (β=-.171; p=.021), numbness (β=-.169; p=.015), perceived loss of control (β=-.234; p=.008), mouth, nails and hair changes (β=-.290; p=.004), vasomotor (β=-.113; p=.044) and sexual symptoms (β=-.208; p=.009). CONCLUSIONS Although women in peri- and post-menopausal manifested higher symptoms' severity than their pre-menopausal counterparts, only three of the menopausal symptoms assessed were predicted by menopausal status. Since the vast majority of menopausal symptoms' severity was significantly influenced by the way women perceived their recent life events, it is concluded that the symptomatology exacerbation, in peri- and post-menopausal women, might be due to life conditions and events, rather than hormonal changes (nonetheless, the inverse influence should be investigated in future studies). Therefore, these should be accounted for in menopause-related clinical and research settings.
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Sayakhot P, Vincent A, Teede H. Breast cancer and menopause: perceptions of diagnosis, menopausal therapies and health behaviors. Climacteric 2011; 15:59-67. [PMID: 22132862 DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2011.603772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the perception and experience of menopause diagnosis and therapies, the information provided and health behaviors in younger women with breast cancer. METHODS The questionnaire study was completed by 114 women, aged 40-51 years, with non-metastatic breast cancer. Women were recruited from outpatient clinics and the community. Descriptive statistics were completed. RESULTS Most women were satisfied with the manner in which they were informed of the breast cancer (69%) and the menopause (59%) diagnoses. Although 80% of women were given breast cancer information, only 54% were given menopause information at diagnosis. Women were least satisfied (26%) with information regarding the long-term complications of menopause. Women perceived exercise (68%) and improving lifestyle (61%) as most effective in alleviating symptoms of menopause. The majority of women reported that they did not understand the risks/benefits of 'bioidentical' hormones (79%) and herbal therapies (78%), while 58% perceived hormone replacement therapies as associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Most women reported weight gain (68%) and osteoporosis (67%) as the most common problems/fears regarding menopause. However, regarding health behaviors, only 56% reported having relevant tests including a blood sugar test or a bone density test. CONCLUSION While information needs regarding breast cancer appear well met in younger women, unmet information needs regarding menopause after breast cancer persist. Further education and support are required for these women to optimize health screening and prevention behaviors and to ensure informed decision-making regarding menopause treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sayakhot
- The Jean Hailes Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Potential adverse impact of ovariectomy on physical and psychological function of younger women with breast cancer. Menopause 2011; 18:786-93. [PMID: 21407138 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e318204af9d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to investigate menopausal symptoms, psychological function, sexual function, and body image as experienced by younger Australian women with breast cancer and to examine the effect of different breast cancer treatments on these parameters. METHODS A questionnaire study was completed by 114 women aged 40 to 51 years with nonmetastatic breast cancer. Women were recruited from outpatient clinics or the community. Descriptive statistics and univariate analyses were conducted using Student's t tests and nonparametric tests, where appropriate. RESULTS The mean age of breast cancer women was 47.2 years. The most common symptoms reported were as follows: feeling tired/lacking energy (88%), loss of libido (87%), and hot flushes (83%). Anxiety and depression scores were high (18.00 ± 2.53 and 15.56 ± 1.56, respectively). Psychological symptoms (13.25 ± 6.91 vs 8.52 ± 5.61; P = 0.009), vasomotor symptoms (4.00 ± 1.90 vs 2.74 ± 1.91; P = 0.035), and sexual dysfunction scores (2.25 ± 0.86 vs 1.58 ± 1.01; P = 0.031) were significantly higher in breast cancer women with ovariectomy compared with breast cancer women without ovariectomy. Sexual feelings for partners (P = 0.02) and sexual frequency (P = 0.01) were less in women with ovariectomy compared with women without ovariectomy. Feelings of physical health, attractiveness, overall appearance, and satisfaction were significantly lower in ovariectomized women (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Menopausal symptoms, anxiety, and depression are common in younger breast cancer women. Importantly, ovariectomy in breast cancer women is associated with significant adverse menopausal physical symptoms, psychological impact, and sexual function. Both healthcare providers and women with breast cancer need to be aware of the impact of ovariectomy in younger women with breast cancer, and further education resources and support for these women should be targeted.
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Fagulha T, Gonçalves B, Ferreira A. A Population-Based Assessment of Midlife Portuguese Women's Experience of Perimenopause and Menopause. Health Care Women Int 2011; 32:559-80. [DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2010.540155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Dykes K, Slade P, Haywood A. Long term follow‐up of emotional experiences after termination of pregnancy: women’s views at menopause. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2010.513046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lee MS, Kim JH, Park MS, Yang J, Ko YH, Ko SD, Joe SH. Factors influencing the severity of menopause symptoms in Korean post-menopausal women. J Korean Med Sci 2010; 25:758-65. [PMID: 20436714 PMCID: PMC2858837 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2010.25.5.758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2009] [Accepted: 10/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have relatively limited knowledge of symptomatic aspects of the postmenopause, rather than perimenopause. We tried to determine the factors associated with experiencing menopausal symptoms by Korean postmenopausal women. A total of 657 Korean women who underwent a natural menopause completed multiple questionnaires, which included questions regarding their attitudes to menopause, depressive symptoms, state anxiety, self-esteem, dyadic relationships, sociodemographic variables, and 11-item Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Multiple regression analyses were performed to collectively examine the relative impact of each independent variable on the quality of life, as determined by the MRS. Decreased severity of menopausal symptoms was associated with more time spent in education, an employed status, a history of pregnancy, longer postmenopausal duration, positive attitudes to menopause, higher state anxiety, heightened self-esteem, and higher dyadic consensus. Increased severity of menopausal symptoms was also associated with absence of a partner, alcohol consumption, a history of hormone replacement therapy, a history of probable premenstrual dysphoric disorder, and increased severity of depressive symptoms. Sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, attitudes to menopause, a dyadic relationship with a partner, and the inner psychological status can be associated with the severity of menopause symptoms specifically in Korean postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Korea University Research Institute of Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Hun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Man Sik Park
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaewon Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Korea University Research Institute of Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Ko
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Korea University Research Institute of Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Duk Ko
- Department of Health Management, Hyupsung University, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Sook-Haeng Joe
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Korea University Research Institute of Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
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Liu P, Lu Y, Recker RR, Deng HW, Dvornyk V. ALOX12 gene is associated with the onset of natural menopause in white women. Menopause 2010; 17:152-6. [PMID: 20061896 PMCID: PMC2927106 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e3181b63c68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Natural menopause is a key physiological event in a woman's life. Timing of menopause affects risk for many postmenopausal systemic disorders and may thus influence life expectancy. Age at natural menopause (ANM) is largely determined genetically, but a list of candidate genes is far from complete. This study investigated the ALOX12 gene for its possible association with ANM. METHODS Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the gene (rs9904779, rs2073438, rs11571340, rs434473, rs2307214, and rs312462) were genotyped in a random sample of 210 unrelated white women. The SNPs and common haplotypes were then analyzed for their association with ANM. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and duration of breast-feeding were used as covariates. RESULTS Two SNPs, rs9904779 and rs434473 (encodes a replacement of asparagine by serine in the protein), were significantly associated with ANM (P = 0.022 and 0.033, respectively). The minor alleles of both SNPs seem to promote about 1.3- to 1.5-year earlier menopause and confer a 1.6 to 1.8 times higher risk for early menopause. All SNPs indicated significant or nearly significant interactions with alcohol use and duration of breast-feeding. Five common haplotypes were also associated with ANM. CONCLUSIONS The ALOX12 gene seems to be associated with the timing of natural menopause in white women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyuan Liu
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO
| | - Robert R. Recker
- Osteoporosis Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO
| | - Volodymyr Dvornyk
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
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Im EO, Lim HJ, Lee SH, Dormire S, Chee W, Kresta K. Menopausal symptom experience of Hispanic midlife women in the United States. Health Care Women Int 2009; 30:919-34. [PMID: 19742365 DOI: 10.1080/07399330902887582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Using a feminist approach, we examined the menopausal symptom experience of Hispanic midlife women in the United States This was a qualitative online forum study among 27 Hispanic midlife women in the United States. Seven topics related to menopausal symptom experience were used to administer the 6-month online forum. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Four themes were identified: (a) "Cambio de vida (change of life)," (b) "being silent about menopause," (c) "trying to be optimistic," and (d) "getting support." More in-depth studies with diverse groups of Hispanic women are needed while considering family as a contextual factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ok Im
- The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78701, USA.
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Stressful life events, psychological appraisal and coping style in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2009; 63:357-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2009.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2009] [Revised: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sexual experiences during the climacteric years: What do women think about it? Maturitas 2009; 62:47-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2008.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2008] [Revised: 10/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ussher JM. Reclaiming Embodiment within Critical Psychology: A Material-Discursive Analysis of the Menopausal Body. SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2008.00151.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Perz J, Ussher JM. “The horror of this living decay”: Women's negotiation and resistance of medical discourses around menopause and midlife. WOMENS STUDIES INTERNATIONAL FORUM 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2008.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Elavsky S, McAuley E. Exercise and self-esteem in menopausal women: a randomized controlled trial involving walking and yoga. Am J Health Promot 2008; 22:83-92. [PMID: 18019884 DOI: 10.4278/0890-1171-22.2.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the effects of walking and yoga on multidimensional self-esteem and roles played by self-efficacy, body composition, and physical activity (PA) in changes in esteem. DESIGN Four-month randomized controlled exercise trial with three arms: walking, yoga, and control. SUBJECTS Previously low-active middle-aged women (n=164; M age = 49.9; SD = 3.6). INTERVENTION Structured and supervised walking program meeting three times per week for I hour and supervised yoga program meeting twice per week for 90 minutes. MEASURES Body composition, fitness assessment, and battery of psychologic measures. ANALYSIS Panel analysis within a structural equation modeling framework using Mplus 3.0. RESULTS The walking and yoga interventions failed to enhance global or physical self-esteem but improved subdomain esteem relative to physical condition and strength (for walking) and body attractiveness (for both walking and yoga). Over time the effects of PA, self-efficacy, and body fat on changes in physical self-esteem and global esteem were mediated by changes in physical condition and body attractiveness subdomain esteem. Women reporting greater levels of self-efficacy and PA with lower body fat also reported greater enhancements in subdomain esteem. CONCLUSION These results provide support for the hierarchic and multidimensional nature of self-esteem and indicate that middle-aged women may enhance certain aspects of physical self-esteem by participating in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steriani Elavsky
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, 268-B Recreation Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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Dhillon HK, Mohd Zaki Nik Mahmood N, Singh H. Documentation of self-care actions taken for somatic complaints by postmenopausal Malay women living in Kelantan Malaysia. Maturitas 2007; 58:241-8. [PMID: 17913406 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2007.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2007] [Revised: 08/14/2007] [Accepted: 08/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to document some of the self-care actions taken by women in Kelantan to manage their somatic symptoms associated with menopause. METHOD A verified semi-structured questionnaire in the Malay language was administered to 326 naturally menopaused healthy women (mean age of 57.01+/-6.58 (S.D.) years) residing in Kelantan to determine the prevalence and types of self-care actions taken for their somatic complaints. RESULTS Mean age at menopause was 49.4+/-3.4 (S.D.) years and 75% of these women were within the first 10 years of menopause. Of the four somatic symptoms, tiredness was the most prevalent followed by reduced level of mental concentration, musculoskeletal aches and pains, and backache. The prevalence of self-care actions was highest for backache (91%) and the lowest for reduced level of concentration (47.7%), and both prevalence and type of self-care action appear to depend upon the area of residence, and the educational level of the subject. Of those who took self-care actions, majority were from urban areas and with a higher educational level. Although HRT was used for all the four complaints, the use of pain relief tablets and traditional body massage was more commonly used for musculoskeletal aches and pains and backache than HRT. There was also a small fraction of women who had used the traditional herbs like 'akar kayu' and 'jamu' for these two complaints. CONCLUSION It appears that the self-care actions used by postmenopausal women in Kelantan for their somatic complaints ranged from HRT to a combination of conventional, traditional, and alternative remedies. The fraction of women taking self-care action varied from symptom to symptom and the choice of self-care action also depended upon the education level, socio-economic status and place where the respondents were domiciled. There was a tendency for the more affluent and educated women to use more of the modern practices and slightly less of the traditional remedies whereas the rural women did the opposite. This is the first study of its kind in Kelantan documenting the self-care practices of menopausal women for their somatic complaints. Clearly more studies are needed to document these practices and the effectiveness of these self-care remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardip-Kaur Dhillon
- Department of Obs. & Gyn., School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Kakkar V, Kaur D, Chopra K, Kaur A, Kaur IP. Assessment of the variation in menopausal symptoms with age, education and working/non-working status in north-Indian sub population using menopause rating scale (MRS). Maturitas 2007; 57:306-14. [PMID: 17408889 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2007.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2006] [Revised: 02/03/2007] [Accepted: 02/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the variation of the menopause rating scale (MRS) scores with age, working/non-working and educated/uneducated status in a cohort of north-Indian subpopulation and to look for the possible reasons for the incurred variations. MRS is a well-known and validated instrument for assessing the frequency and intensity of menopausal symptoms. METHOD A menopause clinic was organized in collaboration with a primary care centre (under the guidance of a gynecologist). A random sample of 208 women aged 35-65 years participated in the study. The MRS scale, a self-administered standardized questionnaire was applied with additional patient related information (age at menopause, level of education, working/non-working and exercising or not). RESULTS The results were evaluated for psychological (P), somatic (S), and urogenital (U) symptoms. The average age at which menopause set in, in the cohort was found to be 48.7+/-2.3 years (46.4-51 years). Based on the average age at the menopause, the cohort was divided into peri (35-45), menopausal/early menopause (46-51) and the postmenopausal (52-65) groups. A significantly higher % of perimenopausal women (36%) showed a P score of > or =7; while a higher % of postmenopausal showed S score and U score > or =7 (>40%; p< or =0.001). Working women seem to suffer more from psychological symptoms whereas non-working women showed a greater incidence of somatic symptoms. Educated women showed a lower incidence of psychological and somatic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Present study indicates that age, level of education and working/non-working status (in a group of women with same socio-cultural background) may also contribute to significant variations in menopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kakkar
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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Kaszkin-Bettag M, Ventskovskiy BM, Kravchenko A, Rettenberger R, Richardson A, Heger PW, Heger M. The special extract ERr 731 of the roots of Rheum rhaponticum decreases anxiety and improves health state and general well-being in perimenopausal women. Menopause 2007; 14:270-83. [PMID: 17213754 DOI: 10.1097/01.gme.0000251932.48426.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy of the special extract ERr 731 from the roots of Rheum rhaponticum compared with placebo on anxiety, health state, and general well-being in perimenopausal women. DESIGN This study is a multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, in which 109 perimenopausal women with climacteric complaints and anxiety received either 1 enteric coated tablet of ERr 731 (n=54) or placebo (n=55) daily for 12 weeks. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale, the Menopause Rating Scale II, the Women's Health Questionnaire, and the Psychological General Well-Being Index were used to measure anxiety, health state, and subjective psychological well-being. RESULTS The results demonstrate that ERr 731 is highly effective in reducing anxiety in perimenopausal women compared with placebo. After 12 weeks, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale total score decreased significantly with ERr 731 (from 27.5+/-6.8 to 9.4+/-4.2 points) compared with placebo (from 25.1+/-6.0 to 21.6+/-8.6 points). ERr 731 also reduced the Hamilton Anxiety Scale factor scores for somatic and psychic anxiety. After 12 weeks, a reduction in the severity of anxiety from "moderate" or "severe" to "slight" was observed in 33 of 39 ERr 731 women completing the double-blind phase, which correlated well with the reduction in number and severity of hot flushes. This was reflected by a high rate of ERr 731 women reporting a marked improvement in health state and general well-being. CONCLUSIONS ERr 731 is an effective medication for women with menopause-related anxiety and improves their health state and general well-being.
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Abstract
Despite an increasing number of feminist studies in the area of women's health, feminist approaches have rarely been used in nursing research on the menopausal symptom experience of midlife women. The purpose of the article is to propose a feminist approach to such research on the basis of a literature review. First, diverse feminist perspectives and their commonalities are summarized. Then, the literature related to the menopausal symptom experience is critiqued from a feminist perspective. On the basis of the discussion, 5 principles are proposed for a feminist approach to research on menopausal symptom experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ok Im
- School of Nursing, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78701, USA.
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Klokk M, Götestam KG, Mykletun A. There are no association between IgE levels and symptoms of anxiety and depression in the adult female general population. The Hordaland Health Study (HUSK). Nord J Psychiatry 2007; 61:410-7. [PMID: 18236306 DOI: 10.1080/08039480701788715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
There are multiple reports of increased prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with asthma, eczema and rhinitis. Suggested biological mechanisms underlying these associations most commonly involve IgE. However, the association between anxiety/depression and IgE has hardly been studied, and the aim of the present study will therefore be to examine the hypothesized association between anxiety/depression and IgE in a general adult female population. A sub-sample of 374 female participants in a population-based general health study in Norway (the Hordaland Health Study) with participation rate 70% was screened for total and allergen-specific IgE. Anxiety and depression were measured employing the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). This design ensured adequate statistical power, and the population-approach ensured satisfactory variance in both IgE and anxiety/depression. No association between case level or symptom load of anxiety/depression and total or allergen-specific IgE was found. Non-significant tendencies were both positive and negative. This finding was robust across continuous and categorical statistical approaches. Our finding does not question the commonly reported associations between anxiety/depression and asthma, rhinitis and eczema. We do, however, question the relevance of IgE as an aetiological factor in the biological chain underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Klokk
- Department of Psychiatry, Aalesund Hospital, Aalesund, Helse-Sunnmøre HF, Norway.
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Kowalcek I, Rotte D, Banz C, Diedrich K. Women's attitude and perceptions towards menopause in different cultures. Maturitas 2005; 51:227-35. [PMID: 15978966 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2004.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2004] [Revised: 07/18/2004] [Accepted: 07/19/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study cross-cultural and intra-cultural differences between the perception and the experience of menopause in pre-menopausal and post-menopausal German and Papua New Guineas women. DESIGN Concepts concerning menopause and the experience of the menopause were assessed by the symptom categories (i.e. hot flashes, cardiac or sleeping disorders, depression, irritability, lack of drive, vaginal dryness, painful joints or muscles) according to the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). In addition to the translated English version, a questionnaire in Pidgin-English was offered. Questions about positive and negative expectations of menopause and the acceptance of hormonal replacement therapy were included. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney U-test as indicated. RESULTS One hundred and one pre-menopausal and 40 post-menopausal women in Germany as well as 36 pre-menopausal and 41 post-menopausal women in Papua New Guinea were questioned. The expectations regarding the menopause differed significantly in favor of a higher trait intensity concerning the item of hot flashes in Germany and a significantly higher trait intensity in the items cardiac trouble, lack of drive, urological symptoms, vaginal dryness, joint and muscle symptoms in Papua New Guinea. In the menopause experience, significant differences between the cultures are confirmed in favor of a higher trait intensity in Papua New Guinea concerning experienced depression, drop in performance, sexual disturbances and vaginal dryness. The intra-cultural comparison between the concepts concerning menopause and the menopause experience in Germany shows a significantly higher trait intensity with regard to the expected disturbance from hot flashes, depression, agitation, lack of drive and sexual problems as compared to the experienced disturbances. In Papua New Guinea, the survey showed a difference in expected and experienced vaginal dryness. CONCLUSIONS Perception and concepts concerning illness and health are based on culturally produced patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Kowalcek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
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