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Vasconcelos LHC, Silva MDCC, Costa AC, de Oliveira GA, de Souza ILL, Queiroga FR, Araujo LCDC, Cardoso GA, Righetti RF, Silva AS, da Silva PM, Carvalho CRDO, Vieira GC, Tibério IDFLC, Cavalcante FDA, da Silva BA. A Guinea Pig Model of Airway Smooth Muscle Hyperreactivity Induced by Chronic Allergic Lung Inflammation: Contribution of Epithelium and Oxidative Stress. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1547. [PMID: 30814952 PMCID: PMC6353839 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease of the airways characterized by chronic inflammation associated with bronchial and smooth muscle hyperresponsiveness. Currently, different murine models for the study of asthma show poor bronchial hyperresponsiveness due to a scarcity of smooth muscle and large airways, resulting in a failure to reproduce smooth muscle hyperreactivity. Thus, we aimed to standardize a guinea pig model of chronic allergic lung inflammation mimicking airway smooth muscle hyperreactivity observed in asthmatics (Asth). Animals were randomly divided into a control group (Ctrl), which received saline (0.9% NaCl), and the Asth group, subjected to in vivo sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) nebulization. Morphological analysis was performed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness was evaluated by nebulization time in the fifth, sixth, and seventh inhalations (NT5-7) and tracheal isometric contractions were assessed by force transducer. Total antioxidant capacity was measured by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and protein expression by Western blot. Histologically, the Asth group developed peribronchial cellular infiltrate, epithelial hyperplasia and smooth muscle thickening. After the fourth nebulization, the Asth group developed bronchial hyperreactivity. The trachea from the Asth group contracted after in vitro stimulation with OVA, differing from the Ctrl group, which showed no response. Additionally, airway smooth muscle hyperreactivity to carbachol and histamine was observed in the Asth group only in intact epithelium preparations, but not to KCl, and this effect was associated with an augmented production of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, lung inflammation impaired the relaxant potency of isoproterenol only in intact epithelium preparations, without interfering with nifedipine, and it was found to be produced by transforming growth factor-β negative modulation of β adrenergic receptors and, furthermore, big-conductance Ca2+-sensitive K+ channels. These effects were also associated with increased levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases but not extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 or phosphorylation, and augmented α-actin content as well, explaining the increased smooth muscle mass. Furthermore, pulmonary antioxidant capacity was impaired in the Asth group. Therefore, we developed a standardized and easy-to-use, reproducible guinea pig model of lung inflammation that mimics airway smooth muscle hypercontractility, facilitating the investigation of the mechanisms of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in asthma and new therapeutic alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Henrique César Vasconcelos
- Programa de Pós graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Maria da Conceição Correia Silva
- Programa de Pós graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Alana Cristina Costa
- Graduação em Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Giuliana Amanda de Oliveira
- Graduação em Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Iara Leão Luna de Souza
- Programa de Pós graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Fernando Ramos Queiroga
- Programa de Pós graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Layanne Cabral da Cunha Araujo
- Programa de Pós graduação em Ciências (Fisiologia Humana), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glêbia Alexa Cardoso
- Programa Associado de Pós graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba/Universidade do Pernambuco, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Renato Fraga Righetti
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Sérgio Silva
- Programa Associado de Pós graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba/Universidade do Pernambuco, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Departamento de Educação Física, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Mirella da Silva
- Programa de Pós graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Carla Roberta de Oliveira Carvalho
- Programa de Pós graduação em Ciências (Fisiologia Humana), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Biofísica e Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giciane Carvalho Vieira
- Departamento de Morfologia/Centro de Ciências da Saúde/Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana de Andrade Cavalcante
- Programa de Pós graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia/Centro de Ciências da Saúde/Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Bagnólia Araújo da Silva
- Programa de Pós graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas/Centro de Ciências da Saúde/Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
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Flores-Flores A, Estrada-Soto S, Millán-Pacheco C, Bazán-Perkins B, Villalobos-Molina R, Moreno-Fierros L, Hernández-Pando R, García-Jiménez S, Rivera-Leyva JC. Functional mechanism of tracheal relaxation, antiasthmatic, and toxicological studies of 6-hydroxyflavone. Drug Dev Res 2018; 80:218-229. [PMID: 30394554 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we described tracheal rat rings relaxation by several flavonoids, being 6-hydroxyflavone (6-HOF) the most active derivative of the series. Thus, its mechanism of action was determined in an ex vivo tracheal rat ring bioassay. The anti-asthmatic effect was assayed in in vivo OVAlbumin (OVA)-sensitized guinea pigs. Finally, the toxicological profile of 6-HOF was studied based on Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines with modifications. 6-HOF-induced relaxation appears to be related with receptor-operated calcium channel and voltage-operated calcium channel blockade as the main mechanism of action, and also through the production of relaxant second messengers NO and cGMP. Molecular docking supports that 6-HOF acts as calcium channel blocker and by activation of nitric oxide synthase. In addition, the in vivo anti-asthmatic experiments demonstrate the dose-dependent significant anti-allergic effect of 6-HOF induced by OVA, with best activity at 50 /kg. Finally, toxicological studies determined a LD50 > 2,000 mg/kg and, after 28 day of treatment with 6-HOF (50 mg/kg) by intragastric route, mice did not exhibit evidence of any significant toxicity. In conclusion, experiments showed that 6-HOF exerts significant relaxant activity through calcium channel blockade, and possibly, by NO/cGMP-system stimulation on rat trachea, which interferes with the contraction mechanism of smooth muscle cells in the airways. In addition, the flavonoid shows potential anti-asthmatic properties in an anti-allergic pathway. Furthermore, because the pharmacological and safety evidence, we propose this flavonoid as lead for the development of a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of asthma and related respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Flores-Flores
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Samuel Estrada-Soto
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - César Millán-Pacheco
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Blanca Bazán-Perkins
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rafael Villalobos-Molina
- Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Leticia Moreno-Fierros
- Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sara García-Jiménez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Martins IRR, Dos Santos RF, de C Correia AC, de Oliveira GA, Macêdo CL, de S Monteiro F, Dos Santos PF, de A Cavalcante F, Tavares JF, da Silva BA. Relaxant effect of Ent-7α-hydroxytrachyloban-18-oic acid, a trachylobane diterpene from Xylopia langsdorfiana A. St-Hil. & Tul., on tracheal smooth muscle. J Smooth Muscle Res 2013; 49:15-25. [PMID: 23832615 PMCID: PMC5137274 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.49.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ent-7α-hydroxytrachyloban-18-oic acid, a trachylobane diterpene from
Xylopia langsdorfiana, has previously been shown to relax the
guinea-pig trachea in a concentration-dependent manner. In this study we aimed to
elucidate the mechanisms underlying this action and so contribute to the discovery of
natural products with therapeutic potential. A possible interaction between diterpene and
the Ca2+-calmodulin complex was eliminated as chlorpromazine (10-6
M), a calmodulin inhibitor, did not significantly alter the diterpene-induced relaxation
(pD2 = 4.38 ± 0.07 and 4.25 ± 0.07; mean ± S.E.M., n=5).
Trachylobane-318 showed a higher relaxant potency when the trachea was contracted by 18 mM
KCl than it did with 60 mM KCl (pD2 = 4.90 ± 0.25 and 3.88 ± 0.01,
n=5), suggesting the possible activation of K+ channels.
This was confirmed, as in the presence of 10 mM TEA+ (a non-selective
K+ channel blocker), diterpene relaxation potency was significantly reduced
(pD2 = 4.38 ± 0.07 to 4.01 ± 0.06, n=5). Furthermore,
K+ channel subtypes KATP, KV, SKCa and
BKCa seem to be modulated positively by trachylobane-318 (pD2 =
3.91 ± 0.003, 4.00 ± 0.06, 3.45 ± 0.14 and 3.80 ± 0.05, n=5) but not the
Kir subtype channel (pD2 = 4.15 ± 0.10, n=5).
Cyclic nucleotides were not involved as the relaxation due to aminophylline
(pD2 = 4.27 ± 0.09, n=5) was not altered in the presence of
3 × 10-5 M trachylobane-318 (pD2 = 4.46 ± 0.08,
n=5). Thus, at a functional level, trachylobane-318 seems to relax the
guinea-pig trachea by positive modulation of K+ channels, particularly the
KATP, KV, SKCa and BKCa subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Italo R R Martins
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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Semenov I, Wang B, Herlihy JT, Brenner R. BK channel β1 subunits regulate airway contraction secondary to M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediated depolarization. J Physiol 2011; 589:1803-17. [PMID: 21300746 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.204347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The large conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium channel (BK channel) and its smooth muscle-specific β1 subunit regulate excitation–contraction coupling in many types of smooth muscle cells. However, the relative contribution of BK channels to control of M2- or M3-muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediated airway smooth muscle contraction is poorly understood. Previously, we showed that knockout of the BK channel β1 subunit enhances cholinergic-evoked trachea contractions. Here, we demonstrate that the enhanced contraction of the BK β1 knockout can be ascribed to a defect in BK channel opposition of M2 receptor-mediated contractions. Indeed, the enhanced contraction of β1 knockout is eliminated by specific M2 receptor antagonism. The role of BK β1 to oppose M2 signalling is evidenced by a greater than fourfold increase in the contribution of L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels to contraction that otherwise does not occur with M2 antagonist or with β1 containing BK channels. The mechanism through which BK channels oppose M2-mediated recruitment of calcium channels is through a negative shift in resting voltage that offsets, rather than directly opposes, M2-mediated depolarization. The negative shift in resting voltage is reduced to similar extents by BK β1 knockout or by paxilline block of BK channels. Normalization of β1 knockout baseline voltage with low external potassium eliminated the enhanced M2-receptor mediated contraction. In summary, these findings indicate that an important function of BK/β1 channels is to oppose cholinergic M2 receptor-mediated depolarization and activation of calcium channels by restricting excitation–contraction coupling to more negative voltage ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iurii Semenov
- Department of Physiology, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Semenov I, Wang B, Herlihy JT, Brenner R. BK channel beta1-subunit regulation of calcium handling and constriction in tracheal smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2006; 291:L802-10. [PMID: 16632519 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00104.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The large-conductance, Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels are regulators of voltage-dependent Ca2+ entry in many cell types. The BK channel accessory beta1-subunit promotes channel activation in smooth muscle and is required for proper tone in the vasculature and bladder. However, although BK channels have also been implicated in airway smooth muscle function, their regulation by the beta1-subunit has not been investigated. Utilizing the gene-targeted mice for the beta1-subunit gene, we have investigated the role of the beta1-subunit in tracheal smooth muscle. In mice with the beta1-subunit-knockout allele, BK channel activity was significantly reduced in excised tracheal smooth muscle patches and spontaneous BK currents were reduced in whole tracheal smooth muscle cells. Knockout of the beta1-subunit resulted in an increase in resting Ca2+ levels and an increase in the sustained component of Ca2+ influx after cholinergic signaling. Tracheal constriction studies demonstrate that the level of constriction is the same with knockout of the beta1-subunit and BK channel block with paxillin, indicating that BK channels contribute little to airway relaxation in the absence of the beta1-subunit. Utilizing nifedipine, we found that the increased constriction caused by knockout of the beta1-subunit could be accounted for by an increased recruitment of L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. These results indicate that the beta1-subunit is required in airway smooth muscle for control of voltage-dependent Ca2+ influx during rest and after cholinergic signaling in BK channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iurii Semenov
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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