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Vasalou V, Kotidis E, Tatsis D, Boulogeorgou K, Grivas I, Koliakos G, Cheva A, Ioannidis O, Tsingotjidou A, Angelopoulos S. The Effects of Tissue Healing Factors in Wound Repair Involving Absorbable Meshes: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5683. [PMID: 37685753 PMCID: PMC10488606 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and meticulously orchestrated process involving multiple phases and cellular interactions. This narrative review explores the intricate mechanisms behind wound healing, emphasizing the significance of cellular processes and molecular factors. The phases of wound healing are discussed, focusing on the roles of immune cells, growth factors, and extracellular matrix components. Cellular shape alterations driven by cytoskeletal modulation and the influence of the 'Formin' protein family are highlighted for their impact on wound healing processes. This review delves into the use of absorbable meshes in wound repair, discussing their categories and applications in different surgical scenarios. Interleukins (IL-2 and IL-6), CD31, CD34, platelet rich plasma (PRP), and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are discussed in their respective roles in wound healing. The interactions between these factors and their potential synergies with absorbable meshes are explored, shedding light on how these combinations might enhance the healing process. Recent advances and challenges in the field are also presented, including insights into mesh integration, biocompatibility, infection prevention, and postoperative complications. This review underscores the importance of patient-specific factors and surgical techniques in optimizing mesh placement and healing outcomes. As wound healing remains a dynamic field, this narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding and potential avenues for future research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Vasalou
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Andreas Syggros Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios Kotidis
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tatsis
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kassiani Boulogeorgou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.B.)
| | - Ioannis Grivas
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Koliakos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Cheva
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.B.)
| | - Orestis Ioannidis
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Tsingotjidou
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stamatis Angelopoulos
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Sun Z, Yu W, Sanz Navarro M, Sweat M, Eliason S, Sharp T, Liu H, Seidel K, Zhang L, Moreno M, Lynch T, Holton NE, Rogers L, Neff T, Goodheart MJ, Michon F, Klein OD, Chai Y, Dupuy A, Engelhardt JF, Chen Z, Amendt BA. Sox2 and Lef-1 interact with Pitx2 to regulate incisor development and stem cell renewal. Development 2016; 143:4115-4126. [PMID: 27660324 PMCID: PMC5117215 DOI: 10.1242/dev.138883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sox2 marks dental epithelial stem cells (DESCs) in both mammals and reptiles, and in this article we demonstrate several Sox2 transcriptional mechanisms that regulate dental stem cell fate and incisor growth. Conditional Sox2 deletion in the oral and dental epithelium results in severe craniofacial defects, including impaired dental stem cell proliferation, arrested incisor development and abnormal molar development. The murine incisor develops initially but is absorbed independently of apoptosis owing to a lack of progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. Tamoxifen-induced inactivation of Sox2 demonstrates the requirement of Sox2 for maintenance of the DESCs in adult mice. Conditional overexpression of Lef-1 in mice increases DESC proliferation and creates a new labial cervical loop stem cell compartment, which produces rapidly growing long tusk-like incisors, and Lef-1 epithelial overexpression partially rescues the tooth arrest in Sox2 conditional knockout mice. Mechanistically, Pitx2 and Sox2 interact physically and regulate Lef-1, Pitx2 and Sox2 expression during development. Thus, we have uncovered a Pitx2-Sox2-Lef-1 transcriptional mechanism that regulates DESC homeostasis and dental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Wenjie Yu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Maria Sanz Navarro
- Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mason Sweat
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Steven Eliason
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Thad Sharp
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P.R.China
| | - Kerstin Seidel
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial Biology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143-0442, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P.R.China
| | - Myriam Moreno
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Thomas Lynch
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Nathan E Holton
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Laura Rogers
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Traci Neff
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Michael J Goodheart
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Frederic Michon
- Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ophir D Klein
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial Biology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143-0442, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Adam Dupuy
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - John F Engelhardt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P.R.China
| | - Brad A Amendt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Feyen DA, Gaetani R, Doevendans PA, Sluijter JP. Stem cell-based therapy: Improving myocardial cell delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 106:104-115. [PMID: 27133386 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies form an exciting new class of medicine that attempt to provide the body with the building blocks required for the reconstruction of damaged organs. However, delivering cells to the correct location, while preserving their integrity and functional properties, is a complex undertaking. These challenges have led to the development of a highly dynamic interdisciplinary research field, wherein medical, biological, and chemical sciences have collaborated to develop strategies to overcome the physiological barriers imposed on the cellular therapeutics. In this respect, improving the acute retention and subsequent survival of stem cells is key to effectively increase the effect of the therapy, while proper tissue integration is imperative for stem cells to functionally replace lost cells in damaged organs. In this review, we will use the heart as an example to highlight the current knowledge of therapeutic stem cell utilization, the existing pitfalls and limitations, and the approaches that have been developed to overcome them.
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Batioglu-Karaaltin A, Karaaltin MV, Oztel ON, Ovali E, Sener BM, Adatepe T, Yigit O, Bozkurt E, Baydar SY, Bagirova M, Uzun N, Allahverdiyev A. Human olfactory stem cells for injured facial nerve reconstruction in a rat model. Head Neck 2016; 38 Suppl 1:E2011-20. [PMID: 26829770 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to show the efficacy of olfactory stem cells for injured facial nerve reconstruction in a rat model. METHODS Olfactory stem cells were isolated from the olfactory mucosa of human participants. A 2-mm excision was performed on the right facial nerve of all rats. Reconstruction was performed with a conduit in group 1 (n = 9); a conduit and phosphate-buffered saline in group 2 (n = 9); and a conduit and labeled olfactory stem cell in group 3 (n = 9). Rats were followed for whisker movements and electroneuronography (ENoG) analyses. RESULTS The whisker-movement scores for group 3 were significantly different from other groups (p < .001). ENoG showed that the amplitude values for group 3 were significantly different from group 1 and group 2 (p = .030; p < .001). Group 3 showed marked olfactory stem cell under a fluorescence microscope. CONCLUSION This study suggests that olfactory stem cells may be used as a potent cellular therapy for accelerating the regeneration of peripheral nerve injuries. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2011-E2020, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Batioglu-Karaaltin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Veli Karaaltin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Acibadem University Medicine Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Olga Nehir Oztel
- Bioengineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Chemistry and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Belit Merve Sener
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Turgut Adatepe
- EMG Laboratories, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Yigit
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erol Bozkurt
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Yesilkir Baydar
- Bioengineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Chemistry and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melahat Bagirova
- Bioengineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Chemistry and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurten Uzun
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adil Allahverdiyev
- Bioengineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Chemistry and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abdanipour A, Tiraihi T, Taheri T. Intraspinal transplantation of motoneuron-like cell combined with delivery of polymer-based glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor for repair of spinal cord contusion injury. Neural Regen Res 2014; 9:1003-13. [PMID: 25206752 PMCID: PMC4146307 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.133159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor transplantation combined with adipose-derived stem cells-transdifferentiated motoneuron delivery on spinal cord contusion injury, we developed rat models of spinal cord contusion injury, 7 days later, injected adipose-derived stem cells-transdifferentiated motoneurons into the epicenter, rostral and caudal regions of the impact site and simultaneously transplanted glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-gelfoam complex into the myelin sheath. Motoneuron-like cell transplantation combined with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor delivery reduced cavity formations and increased cell density in the transplantation site. The combined therapy exhibited superior promoting effects on recovery of motor function to transplantation of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, adipose-derived stem cells or motoneurons alone. These findings suggest that motoneuron-like cell transplantation combined with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor delivery holds a great promise for repair of spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Abdanipour
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center at Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taki Tiraihi
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center at Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taher Taheri
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center at Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
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Hirvonen T, Suila H, Tiitinen S, Natunen S, Laukkanen ML, Kotovuori A, Reinman M, Satomaa T, Alfthan K, Laitinen S, Takkinen K, Räbinä J, Valmu L. Production of a recombinant antibody specific for i blood group antigen, a mesenchymal stem cell marker. Biores Open Access 2013; 2:336-45. [PMID: 24083089 PMCID: PMC3777189 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2013.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) offer great promise for future regenerative and anti-inflammatory therapies. Panels of functional and phenotypical markers are currently used in characterization of different therapeutic stem cell populations from various sources. The i antigen (linear poly-N-acetyllactosamine) from the Ii blood group system has been suggested as a marker for MSCs derived from umbilical cord blood (UCB). However, there are currently no commercially available antibodies recognizing the i antigen. In the present study, we describe the use of antibody phage display technology to produce recombinant antibodies recognizing a structure from the surface of mesenchymal stem cells. We constructed IgM phage display libraries from the lymphocytes of a donor with an elevated serum anti-i titer. Antibody phage display technology is not dependent on immunization and thus allows the generation of antibodies against poorly immunogenic molecules, such as carbohydrates. Agglutination assays utilizing i antigen–positive red blood cells (RBCs) from UCB revealed six promising single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies, three of which recognized epitopes from the surface of UCB-MSCs in flow cytometric assays. The amino acid sequence of the VH gene segment of B12.2 scFv was highly similar to the VH4.21 gene segment required to encode anti-i specificities. Further characterization of binding properties revealed that the binding of B12.2 hyperphage was inhibited by soluble linear lactosamine oligosaccharide. Based on these findings, we suggest that the B12.2 scFv we have generated is a prominent anti-i antibody that recognizes i antigen on the surface of both UCB-MSCs and RBCs. This binder can thus be utilized in UCB-MSC detection and isolation as well as in blood group serology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia Hirvonen
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service , Helsinki, Finland
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7
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Hirvonen T, Suila H, Kotovuori A, Ritamo I, Heiskanen A, Sistonen P, Anderson H, Satomaa T, Saarinen J, Tiitinen S, Räbinä J, Laitinen S, Natunen S, Valmu L. The i blood group antigen as a marker for umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 21:455-64. [PMID: 21933024 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2011.0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer great promise for future regenerative and anti-inflammatory therapies. However, there is a lack of methods to quickly and efficiently isolate, characterize, and ex vivo expand desired cell populations for therapeutic purposes. Single markers to identify cell populations have not been characterized; instead, all characterizations rely on panels of functional and phenotypical properties. Glycan epitopes can be used for identifying and isolating specific cell types from heterogeneous populations, on the basis of their cell-type specific expression and prominent cell surface localization. We have now studied in detail the cell surface expression of the blood group i epitope (linear poly-N-acetyllactosamine chain) in umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived MSCs. We used flow cytometry and mass spectrometric glycan analysis and discovered that linear poly-N-acetyllactosamine structures are expressed in UCB-derived MSCs, but not in cells differentiated from them. We further verified the findings by mass spectrometric glycan analysis. Gene expression analysis indicated that the stem-cell specific expression of the i antigen is determined by β3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 5. The i antigen is a ligand for the galectin family of soluble lectins. We found concomitant cell surface expression of galectin-3, which has been reported to mediate the immunosuppressive effects exerted by MSCs. The i antigen may serve as an endogenous ligand for this immunosuppressive agent in the MSC microenvironment. Based on these findings, we suggest that linear poly-N-acetyllactosamine could be used as a novel UCB-MSC marker either alone or within an array of MSC markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia Hirvonen
- Department of Advanced Therapy and Product Development, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland
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Abstract
During the last 50-60 years, due to development of medical care and hygienically safe living conditions, the average life span of European citizens has substantially increased, with a rapid growth of the population older than 65 years. This trend places ever-growing medical and economical burden on society, as many of the older subjects suffer from age-related diseases and frailty. Coping with these problems requires not only appropriate medical treatment and social support but also extensive research in many fields of aging-from biology to sociology, with involvement of older people as the research subjects. This work anticipates development and application of ethical standards suited to dynamic advances in aging research. The aim of this review is to update the knowledge in ethical requirements toward recruitment of older research subjects, obtaining of informed consent, collection of biological samples, and use of stem cells in preclinical and clinical settings. It is concluded that application of adequate ethical platform markedly facilitates recruitment of older persons for participation in research. Currently, the basic ethical concepts are subjected to extensive discussion, with participation of all interested parties, in order to guarantee successful research on problems of human aging, protect older people from undesired interference, and afford their benefits through supporting innovations in research, therapy, and care.
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Fernandes AM, Meletti T, Guimarães R, Stelling MP, Marinho PAN, Valladão AS, Rehen SK. Worldwide Survey of Published Procedures to Culture Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Cell Transplant 2010; 19:509-23. [DOI: 10.3727/096368909x485067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their derivation 11 years ago, human embryonic stem (hES) cells have become a powerful tool in both basic biomedical research and developmental biology. Their capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into any tissue type has also brought interest from fields such as cell therapy and drug screening. We conducted an extensive analysis of 750 papers (51% of the total published about hES cells between 1998 and 2008) to present a spectrum of hES cell research including culture protocols developed worldwide. This review may stimulate discussions about the importance of having unvarying methods to culture hES cells, in order to facilitate comparisons among data obtained by research groups elsewhere, especially concerning preclinical studies. Moreover, the description of the most widely used cell lines, reagents, and procedures adopted internationally will help newcomers on deciding the best strategies for starting their own studies. Finally, the results will contribute with the efforts of stem cell researchers on comparing the performance of different aspects related to hES cell culture methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Fernandes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T. Meletti
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R. Guimarães
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M. P. Stelling
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P. A. N. Marinho
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Engenharia Química/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A. S. Valladão
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - S. K. Rehen
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Madonna R, De Caterina R. Adipose tissue: a new source for cardiovascular repair. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2010; 11:71-80. [PMID: 19996982 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0b013e328330e9be] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Along with angiogenesis and gene therapy, stem cell transplantation is one of the newest treatment modalities proposed to improve the outcome of patients with heart failure or infarction. In this context, much interest has stemmed from experimental studies showing that cardiac transfer of unfractionated or partially purified bone marrow cells, or stem cells and progenitor cells derived from the bone marrow or peripheral blood, can enhance functional recovery after an acute myocardial infarction. On the basis of these data, stem cells and progenitor cells derived from the bone marrow have been proposed for use in the repair of cardiac tissue after acute myocardial infarction in patients. However, the relatively low abundance, small tissue volume, difficult accessibility and disease-related malfunction of bone marrow-derived stem cells make their clinical usefulness difficult in some situations. Recently it has been shown that adipose tissue contains a population of adult multipotent mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells that, in cell culture conditions, have extensive proliferative capacity and are able to differentiate into several lineages, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and cardiomyocytes. The similarities between stem cells extracted from the bone marrow and the adipose tissue suggest the potential for the adipose tissue to act as an alternative, and perhaps preferable, cell source for repairing damaged tissues, such as the ischemic or infarcted heart. In this review we discuss molecular and functional characterization, preclinical results and currently ongoing clinical trials using adipose-derived stem cells in cardiovascular repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalinda Madonna
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
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11
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Hmadcha A, Abdelkrim H, Domínguez-Bendala J, Juan DB, Wakeman J, Jane W, Arredouani M, Mohamed A, Soria B, Bernat S. The immune boundaries for stem cell based therapies: problems and prospective solutions. J Cell Mol Med 2009; 13:1464-75. [PMID: 19583810 PMCID: PMC3828859 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00837.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have fascinated the scientific and clinical communities for over a century. Despite the controversy that surrounds this field, it is clear that stem cells have the potential to revolutionize medicine. However, a number of significant hurdles still stand in the way of the realization of this potential. Chiefly among these are safety concerns, differentiation efficiency and overcoming immune rejection. Here we review current progress made in this field to optimize the safe use of stem cells with particular emphasis on prospective interventions to deal with challenges generated by immune rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkrim Hmadcha
- Department of Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Sevilla, Spain.
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12
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Heiskanen A, Hirvonen T, Salo H, Impola U, Olonen A, Laitinen A, Tiitinen S, Natunen S, Aitio O, Miller-Podraza H, Wuhrer M, Deelder AM, Natunen J, Laine J, Lehenkari P, Saarinen J, Satomaa T, Valmu L. Glycomics of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells can be used to evaluate their cellular differentiation stage. Glycoconj J 2008; 26:367-84. [PMID: 19037724 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-008-9217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2008] [Revised: 10/15/2008] [Accepted: 11/05/2008] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent progenitor cells. They hold an enormous therapeutic potential, but at the moment there is little information on the properties of MSCs, including their surface structures. In the present study, we analyzed the mesenchymal stem cell glycome by using mass spectrometric profiling as well as a panel of glycan binding proteins. Structural verifications were obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometric fragmentation, and glycosidase digestions. The MSC glycome was compared to the glycome of corresponding osteogenically differentiated cells. More than one hundred glycan signals were detected in mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts differentiated from them. The glycan profiles of MSCs and osteoblasts were consistently different in biological replicates, indicating that stem cells and osteoblasts have characteristic glycosylation features. Glycosylation features associated with MSCs rather than differentiated cells included high-mannose type N-glycans, linear poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains and alpha2-3-sialylation. Mesenchymal stem cells expressed SSEA-4 and sialyl Lewis x epitopes. Characteristic glycosylation features that appeared in differentiated osteoblasts included abundant sulfate ester modifications. The results show that glycosylation analysis can be used to evaluate MSC differentiation state.
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Nisbet DR, Crompton KE, Horne MK, Finkelstein DI, Forsythe JS. Neural tissue engineering of the CNS using hydrogels. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2008; 87:251-63. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Pisu M, Concas A, Fadda S, Cincotti A, Cao G. A simulation model for stem cells differentiation into specialized cells of non-connective tissues. Comput Biol Chem 2008; 32:338-44. [PMID: 18667361 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2008.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2007] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel mathematical model to simulate stem cells differentiation into specialized cells of non-connective tissues is proposed. The model is based upon material balances for growth factors coupled with a mass-structured population balance describing cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. The proposed model is written in a general form and it may be used to simulate a generic cell differentiation pathway during in vitro cultivation when specific growth factors are used. Literature experimental data concerning the differentiation of central nervous stem cells into astrocytes are successfully compared with model results, thus demonstrating the validity of the proposed model as well as its predictive capability. Finally, sensitivity analysis of model parameters is also performed in order to clarify what mechanisms most strongly influence differentiation and cell types distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Pisu
- CRS4 (Center for Advanced Studies, Research and Development in Sardinia), Località Piscinamanna, Edificio 1, Pula, Cagliari, Italy
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Isasi RM, Knoppers BM. Monetary payments for the procurement of oocytes for stem cell research: In search of ethical and political consistency. Stem Cell Res 2007; 1:37-44. [PMID: 19383385 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2007.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2007] [Revised: 09/04/2007] [Accepted: 09/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The debate on both the appropriateness of allowing healthy women to provide oocytes for research use and the use of financial incentives is increasingly reduced to a confrontation between ethics, science, and the welfare of women. It is plausible that the expansion of national and international research efforts, paired with the growing trend toward liberalizing stem cell research policies, will inevitably result in increased demand for the materials needed to conduct such research. The scarcity of human reproductive materials that are available for research generates concerns over, the emergence of a "black market", an increase in financial incentives for donors, and the appropriateness of current regulatory frameworks that aim to safeguard donors. In this article we explore the conceptual models for categorizing oocyte donors and analyze the use of financial incentives as well as the compensation models proposed and implemented in various jurisdictions. Finally, we propose the adoption of a mixed model that both respects altruism and provides a feasible solution to an issue that could be situated only in the context of the overall acceptability of providing financial rewards to donors of human reproductive materials for assisted reproductive technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario M Isasi
- Centre de Recherche en Droit Public, Université de Montréal, Centre-ville, QC, Canada.
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Devereaux MW. Alternative sources of adult stem cells: a possible solution to the embryonic stem cell debate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 4:85; author reply 86. [PMID: 17584630 DOI: 10.1016/s1550-8579(07)80011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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