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Qiu M, Li J, Tan L, Zhang M, Zhou G, Zeng T, Li A. Targeted Ablation of Distal Cerebrospinal Fluid-Contacting Nucleus Alleviates Renal Fibrosis in Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1640. [PMID: 30524304 PMCID: PMC6262366 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential function of distal cerebrospinal fluid-contacting nucleus (dCSF-CNs) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) development is poorly understood. We hypothesized that dCSF-CNs might affect the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in kidney injury progression, with dCSF-CNs ablation potentially alleviating local RAS and renal fibrosis in rats after five-sixths nephrectomy (5/6Nx). Part of rats were randomly administered artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) intracerebroventricularly (icv), followed by 5/6Nx or sham operation; and other part of rats were administered Cholera toxin B subunit conjugated with saporin (CB-SAP) for dCSF-CNs lesion before 5/6Nx. The effect of CB-SAP on dCSF-CNs ablation was confirmed by double immunofluorescence staining. RAS component, NOX2 and c-fos levels in the subfornical organ (SFO), hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and hippocampus, as well as tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and c-fos positive cells in rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) were assessed. Next, the levels of RAS components (angiotensinogen [AGT], angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE], Ang II type 1 receptor [AT1R], angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 [ACE2], and Mas receptor), NADPH oxidases (NOX2 and catalase), inflammatory cytokines (monocyte chemotactic protein 1 [MCP-1] and IL-6), and fibrotic factors (fibronectin and collagen I) were assessed. Less CB-labeled neurons were found in dCSF-CNs of CB-SAP-treated rats compared with 5/6Nx animals. Meanwhile, CB-SAP downregulated AGT, Ang II, AT1R, NOX2, catalase, MCP-1, IL-6, fibronectin, and collagen I, and upregulated ACE2 and Mas receptor, compared with CKD rats. More TH and c-fos positive cells were found in RVLM of 5/6Nx rats but the number decreased after dCSF-CNs ablation. Targeted dCSF-CNs ablation could alleviate renal inflammation and fibrosis in chronic kidney injury by inhibiting cerebral and renal RAS/NADPH oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzi Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lishan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengbi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Kajbafzadeh AM, Sabetkish S, Sabetkish N. The role of fetal-maternal microchimerism as a natural-born healer in integrity improvement of maternal damaged kidney. Int Braz J Urol 2018; 44:608-616. [PMID: 29211403 PMCID: PMC5996814 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2017.0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the fetal stem cell (FSC) response to maternal renal injury with emphasis on renal integrity improvement and Y chromosome detection in damaged maternal kidney. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight non-green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic Sprague- Dawley rats were mated with GFP-positive transgenic male rats. Renal damage was induced on the right kidney at gestational day 11. The same procedure was performed in eight non-pregnant rats as control group. Three months after delivery, right nephrectomy was performed in order to evaluate the injured kidney. The fresh perfused kidneys were stained with anti-GFP antibody. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was also performed for the Y chromosome detection. Cell culture was performed to detect the GFP-positive cells. Technetium-99m-DMSA renal scan and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were performed after renal damage induction and 3 months later to evaluate the improvement of renal integrity. RESULTS The presence of FSCs was confirmed by immune histochemical staining as well as immunofluorescent imaging of the damaged part. Gradient PCR of female rat purified DNA demonstrated the presence of Y-chromosome in the damaged maternal kidney. Moreover, the culture of kidney cells showed GPF- positive cells by immunofluorescence microscopy. The acute renal scar was repaired and the integrity of damaged kidney reached to near normal levels in experimental group as shown in DMSA scan. However, no significant improvement was observed in control group. CONCLUSION FSC seems to be the main mechanism in repairing of the maternal renal injury during pregnancy as indicated by Y chromosome and GFP-positive cells in the sub-cultured medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Sabetkish
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Sabetkish
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chronic kidney disease-associated cardiovascular disease: scope and limitations of animal models. Cardiovasc Endocrinol 2017; 6:120-127. [PMID: 31646129 DOI: 10.1097/xce.0000000000000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a heterogeneous range of disorders affecting up to 11% of the world's population. The majority of patients with CKD die of cardiovascular disease (CVD) before progressing to end-stage renal disease. CKD patients have an increased risk of atherosclerotic disease as well as a unique cardiovascular phenotype. There remains no clear aetiology for these issues and a better understanding of the pathophysiology of CKD-associated CVD is urgently needed. Although nonanimal studies can provide insights into the nature of disease, the whole-organism nature of CKD-associated CVD means that high-quality animal models, at least for the immediate future, are likely to remain a key tool in improving our understanding in this area. We will discuss the methods used to induce renal impairment in rodents and the methods available to assess cardiovascular phenotype and in each case describe the applicability to humans.
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Fernandes-Charpiot IMM, Caldas HC, Mendes GEF, Gomes de Sá Neto L, Oliveira HL, Baptista MASF, Abbud-Filho M. Validation of an Experimental Model to Study Less Severe Chronic Renal Failure. J INVEST SURG 2016; 29:309-15. [PMID: 27027564 DOI: 10.3109/08941939.2015.1114689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The 5/6 nephrectomy, mimics the stages of human chronic renal failure (CRF), but the procedure causes severe renal functional and morphological damage that could interfere with the evaluation of therapies for slowing the progression of the disease. This study summarizes the results of renal function, histology, and immunohistochemical findings in rats undergoing a 2/3 nephrectomy. METHODS The rats were distributed in groups according to the type of nephrectomy: CRF5/6: induced by a 5/6 renal mass reduction and CRF2/3: less severe CRF. The body weight and blood pressure were monitored, and the serum creatinine (SCr), creatinine clearance (CCr), urine osmolality, and 24-h proteinuria (PT24h) were measured. CRF progression was evaluated by the rate of decline of CCr (RCCr). Histology and immunohistochemistry were performed in the remnant kidneys. Statistical analysis was done by unpaired t-test, and a P-value < 0.05 was taken as a statistical significance. RESULTS Compared to the CRF5/6 group, the CRF2/3 model had a lower SCr, PT24h, CCr, and variations of the SCr from baseline. The disease progression was also significantly slower. The renal histopathological findings revealed fewer chronic lesions in rats with CRF2/3. Similarly, we observed less macrophage accumulation as well as lower proliferative activity and expression of fibronectin and a-smooth muscle-actin in the CRF2/3 model. CONCLUSIONS The CRF2/3 model presented with a pattern of less severe CRF, functionally and morphologically, compared to the classical CRF5/6 model, and the CRF2/3 model may be useful for evaluating therapeutic interventions that target the early stages of CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Mária Maximina Fernandes-Charpiot
- a Medical School-Hospital de Base-FAMERP/FUNFARME, Laboratory of Immunology and Experimental Transplantation-LITEX . Sao Jose Do Rio Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Cristina Caldas
- a Medical School-Hospital de Base-FAMERP/FUNFARME, Laboratory of Immunology and Experimental Transplantation-LITEX . Sao Jose Do Rio Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Glória Elisa Florido Mendes
- a Medical School-Hospital de Base-FAMERP/FUNFARME, Laboratory of Immunology and Experimental Transplantation-LITEX . Sao Jose Do Rio Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gomes de Sá Neto
- a Medical School-Hospital de Base-FAMERP/FUNFARME, Laboratory of Immunology and Experimental Transplantation-LITEX . Sao Jose Do Rio Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Lacativa Oliveira
- a Medical School-Hospital de Base-FAMERP/FUNFARME, Laboratory of Immunology and Experimental Transplantation-LITEX . Sao Jose Do Rio Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Alice Sperto Ferreira Baptista
- a Medical School-Hospital de Base-FAMERP/FUNFARME, Laboratory of Immunology and Experimental Transplantation-LITEX . Sao Jose Do Rio Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Abbud-Filho
- a Medical School-Hospital de Base-FAMERP/FUNFARME, Laboratory of Immunology and Experimental Transplantation-LITEX . Sao Jose Do Rio Preto-SP, Brazil.,b Institute of Urology of Nephrology, Sao Jose Do Rio Preto-SP , Brazil. Sao Jose Do Rio Preto-SP, Brazil
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Yamaguchi I, Myojo K, Sanada H, Takami A, Suzuki Y, Imaizumi M, Takada C, Kimoto N, Saeki K, Yamate J, Takaba K. Five-sixth Nephrectomy in Female Common Marmosets(Callithrix jacchus) as a Chronic Renal Failure Model: -A Longitudinal Course of Serum Biochemical, Hematological and Histopathological Changes-. J Toxicol Pathol 2014; 27:183-95. [PMID: 25378803 PMCID: PMC4217228 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2013-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the relevance and availability of subtotal nephrectomized common marmoset monkeys as a chronic renal failure (CRF) model, we observed for 26 weeks the pathophysiological condition of female marmosets subjected to five-sixth surgical nephrectomy (5/6Nx) by a two-step surgical method. The 5/6Nx marmosets showed a significant increase in serum levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine and cystatin-C immediately after 5/6Nx surgery. These renal disorder parameters subsequently tended to decrease with the passage of time but remained higher than the control levels by the end of the study. Hyperplastic parathyroid glands, a high turnover state of osteodystrophy in the femoral bone with higher serum ALP activity and anemia with hypocellularity of bone marrow were evident. The 5/6Nx marmosets showed a stable CRF condition for a long time and some characteristic disorders similar to those observed in CRF patients. These diagnostic aspects might be a species-specific anatomical and physiological signature, reflecting the nutritional condition. The CRF model using 5/6Nx marmosets might become a useful method of evaluating the unique mechanism of CRF development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itaru Yamaguchi
- Fuji Research Park, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411–8731, Japan
| | - Kensuke Myojo
- Fuji Research Park, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411–8731, Japan
| | - Hiroko Sanada
- Fuji Research Park, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411–8731, Japan
| | - Atsuko Takami
- Fuji Research Park, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411–8731, Japan
| | - Yui Suzuki
- Fuji Research Park, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411–8731, Japan
- Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Prefecture University, 1–58 Rinkuu Ourai Kita, Izumisano, Osaka 598–8531, Japan
| | - Minami Imaizumi
- Fuji Research Park, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411–8731, Japan
| | - Chie Takada
- Fuji Research Park, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411–8731, Japan
| | - Naoya Kimoto
- Fuji Research Park, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411–8731, Japan
| | - Koji Saeki
- Fuji Research Park, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411–8731, Japan
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Prefecture University, 1–58 Rinkuu Ourai Kita, Izumisano, Osaka 598–8531, Japan
| | - Katsumi Takaba
- Fuji Research Park, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411–8731, Japan
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Liu F, Li Y, Wang F, Jiang YF, Jiang YS. Shenfushu Granule and Atropine Attenuate Microvasculature Loss in Rat Models with 5/6 Nephrectomy. Ren Fail 2012; 34:600-9. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2012.660826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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