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Elsayed Abouzed DE, Ezelarab HAA, Selim HMRM, Elsayed MMA, El Hamd MA, Aboelez MO. Multimodal modulation of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury by phytochemical agents: A mechanistic evaluation of hepatoprotective potential and safety profiles. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112445. [PMID: 38944946 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a clinically fundamental phenomenon that occurs through liver resection surgery, trauma, shock, and transplantation. AIMS OF THE REVIEW This review article affords an expanded and comprehensive overview of various natural herbal ingredients that have demonstrated hepatoprotective effects against I/R injury through preclinical studies in animal models. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the objective of this investigation, an extensive examination was carried out utilizing diverse scientific databases involving PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB), and Research Gate. The investigation was conducted based on specific identifiable terms, such as hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, liver resection and transplantation, cytokines, inflammation, NF-kB, interleukins, herbs, plants, natural ingredients, phenolic extract, and aqueous extract. RESULTS Bioactive ingredients derived from ginseng, curcumin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, lycopene, punicalagin, crocin, celastrol, andrographolide, silymarin, and others and their effects on hepatic IRI were discussed. The specific mechanisms of action, signaling pathways, and clinical relevance for attenuation of liver enzymes, cytokine production, immune cell infiltration, oxidative damage, and cell death signaling in rodent studies are analyzed in depth. Their complex molecular actions involve modulation of pathways like TLR4, NF-κB, Nrf2, Bcl-2 family proteins, and others. CONCLUSION The natural ingredients have promising values in the protection and treatment of various chronic aggressive clinical conditions, and that need to be evaluated on humans by clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deiaa E Elsayed Abouzed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Hend A A Ezelarab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt.
| | - Heba Mohammed Refat M Selim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 35527, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud M A Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A El Hamd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt.
| | - Moustafa O Aboelez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
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2
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Blardone C, Gambazza S, Mariani A, Galgani R, Brivio A, Nobili RM, Rizza C, Tutino AL, Gramegna A, Daccò V, Contarini M, Blasi F, Laquintana D. Perceived burden of respiratory physiotherapy in people with cystic fibrosis taking elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor combination: a 1-year observational study. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2024; 18:17534666241235054. [PMID: 38554035 PMCID: PMC10981859 DOI: 10.1177/17534666241235054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To limit the progression of disease, people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) perform daily respiratory physiotherapy, which is perceived as the most burdensome routine in managing their condition. The elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) combination has changed respiratory management. OBJECTIVE To investigate how the perceived treatment burden changed in 1 year of treatment with ETI. DESIGN Prospective observational study. METHODS Ad hoc questionnaires for the pwCF and for the caregivers of pwCF < 18 years were administered before the initiation of ETI therapy and then at 6-12 months. The Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R) and the Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) were administered to explore disease-related symptoms and social limitations. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to determine levels of physical activity. Mixed-effect models were fitted to explore whether the time engaged in respiratory physiotherapy changed during 1 year. RESULTS The study included 47/184 pwCF aged 21.4 (5.7) years, who completed 1 year of ETI therapy. At 6 months, time on aerosol therapy was decreased by 2.5 (95% CI -32.9 to 27.8) min/day, time on airway clearance therapies (ACTs) was decreased by 8.8 (95% CI -25.9 to 8.3) min/day, and time for cleaning and disinfecting respiratory equipment was decreased by 10.6 (95% CI -26.5 to 5.3) min/day. At 1 year, gains in time saved were nearly 15 min/day on average. At 1 year, 5/47 (10.6%) pwCF reported that they had discontinued positive expiratory pressure mask. CONCLUSION PwCF on ETI may note less time engaged in their daily respiratory physiotherapy routine. Nonetheless, aerosol therapy, ACTs and maintaining respiratory equipment were still perceived as time-consuming daily activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Blardone
- Healthcare Professions Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Gambazza
- Healthcare Professions Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mariani
- Healthcare Professions Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Rachele Galgani
- Healthcare Professions Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Brivio
- Healthcare Professions Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Maria Nobili
- Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pediatric Transplantation and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmela Rizza
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Luisa Tutino
- Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pediatric Transplantation and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Gramegna
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- SC Pneumologia e Fibrosi Cistica, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Daccò
- Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pediatric Transplantation and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Contarini
- SC Pneumologia e Fibrosi Cistica, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Blasi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- SC Pneumologia e Fibrosi Cistica, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Laquintana
- Healthcare Professions Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
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3
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Orro A, Uggeri M, Rusnati M, Urbinati C, Pedemonte N, Pesce E, Moscatelli M, Padoan R, Cichero E, Fossa P, D'Ursi P. In silico drug repositioning on F508del-CFTR: A proof-of-concept study on the AIFA library. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 213:113186. [PMID: 33472120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Computational drug repositioning is of growing interest to academia and industry, for its ability to rapidly screen a huge number of candidates in silico (exploiting comprehensive drug datasets) together with reduced development cost and time. The potential of drug repositioning has not been fully evaluated yet for cystic fibrosis (CF), a disease mainly caused by deletion of Phe 508 (F508del) of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. F508del-CFTR is thus withheld in the endoplasmic reticulum and rapidly degraded by the ubiquitin/proteasome system. CF is still a fatal disease. Nowadays, it is treatable by some CFTR-rescuing drugs, but new-generation drugs with stronger therapeutic benefits and fewer side effects are still awaited. In this manuscript we report about the results of a pilot computational drug repositioning screening in search of F508del-CFTR-targeted drugs performed on AIFA library by means of a dedicated computational pipeline and surface plasmon resonance binding assay to experimentally validate the computational findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Orro
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Matteo Uggeri
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, MI, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Rusnati
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Urbinati
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Pesce
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Moscatelli
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Rita Padoan
- Department of Pediatrics, Regional Support Centre for Cystic Fibrosis, Children's Hospital-ASST Spedali Civili, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Cichero
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Fossa
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Pasqualina D'Ursi
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, MI, Italy.
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4
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Song Q, Hu Z, Xie X, Cai H. Zafirlukast prevented ox-LDL-induced formation of foam cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 409:115295. [PMID: 33096109 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), a common arterial disease, is one of the main pathological roots of cardiovascular disease. The formation and accumulation of foam cells is an important event in early AS. An imbalance between cholesterol uptake and efflux is the primary cause of foam cell formation. Although research has focused on preventing the formation of foam cells, a safe and effective therapy has to be found. Zafirlukast is a widely useful type 1 cysteinyl leukotriene receptor (CysLT1R) antagonist with a good safety profile. Zafirlukast is the most used for the treatment of asthma and allergic rhinitis. However, the effect of zafirlukast on preventing the formation of foam cells has not been determined. The aim of this study was to investigate whether zafirlukast prevented macrophages from transforming into foam cells. Our data show that zafirlukast reduced the expression of CD36 and lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), which are responsible for lipid uptake. In addition, zafirlukast enhanced the activity of ATP-Binding Cassette A1 (ABCA1) and ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1), leading to the acceleration of cholesterol efflux. Furthermore, zafirlukast influenced the activity of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, which mediates the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1. In summary, our data indicate that zafirlukast might be a potential treatment strategy for AS by mediating lipid metabolism and preventing the formation of foam cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Song
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhi Hu
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinming Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shanxi, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Department of vascular surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shanxi, China.
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5
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Weinelt N, Karathanasis C, Smith S, Medler J, Malkusch S, Fulda S, Wajant H, Heilemann M, van Wijk SJL. Quantitative single-molecule imaging of TNFR1 reveals zafirlukast as antagonist of TNFR1 clustering and TNFα-induced NF-ĸB signaling. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 109:363-371. [PMID: 32401398 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2ab0420-572rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TNFR1 is a crucial regulator of NF-ĸB-mediated proinflammatory cell survival responses and programmed cell death (PCD). Deregulation of TNFα- and TNFR1-controlled NF-ĸB signaling underlies major diseases, like cancer, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, although being routinely used, antagonists of TNFα might also affect TNFR2-mediated processes, so that alternative approaches to directly antagonize TNFR1 are beneficial. Here, we apply quantitative single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) of TNFR1 in physiologic cellular settings to validate and characterize TNFR1 inhibitory substances, exemplified by the recently described TNFR1 antagonist zafirlukast. Treatment of TNFR1-mEos2 reconstituted TNFR1/2 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) with zafirlukast inhibited both ligand-independent preligand assembly domain (PLAD)-mediated TNFR1 dimerization as well as TNFα-induced TNFR1 oligomerization. In addition, zafirlukast-mediated inhibition of TNFR1 clustering was accompanied by deregulation of acute and prolonged NF-ĸB signaling in reconstituted TNFR1-mEos2 MEFs and human cervical carcinoma cells. These findings reveal the necessity of PLAD-mediated, ligand-independent TNFR1 dimerization for NF-ĸB activation, highlight the PLAD as central regulator of TNFα-induced TNFR1 oligomerization, and demonstrate that TNFR1-mEos2 MEFs can be used to investigate TNFR1-antagonizing compounds employing single-molecule quantification and functional NF-ĸB assays at physiologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Weinelt
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christos Karathanasis
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sonja Smith
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Juliane Medler
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Auverahaus, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Malkusch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Simone Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Auverahaus, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mike Heilemann
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sjoerd J L van Wijk
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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6
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Yan L, Sun A, Xu X. Zafirlukast, a Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor 1 Antagonist, Reduces the Effect of Advanced Glycation End-Products in Rat Renal Mesangial Cells In Vitro. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:8753-8763. [PMID: 31745068 PMCID: PMC6880630 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zafirlukast is an antagonist of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLTR1). Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are formed by the glycation of lipids and proteins in hyperglycemia, including diabetes mellitus. Zafirlukast has not previously been studied in diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of zafirlukast on rat renal mesangial cells cultured with AGEs in vitro. Material/Methods Mesangial cells were cultured in AGEs (0, 20, 50, 100 μg/ml), and with AGEs (100 μg/ml) and zafirlukast (2.5 μm, 5 μm, and 100 μm). An enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) was used to measure the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed by intracellular fluorescence measurement of 2′-7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), and detection kits were used to measure malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry, and Western blot was used to measure protein levels. Results In mesangial cells cultured with AGEs, markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis and levels of CysLTR1 increased, and these effects were reduced by zafirlukast in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of zafirlukast as a CysLTR1 antagonist protected mesangial cells from the effects of AGE in vitro. Conclusions Zafirlukast, a CysLTR1 antagonist, reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines, markers of oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis induced by AGE in mesangial cells in a dose-dependent way. Future in vivo studies are needed to investigate the potential role for zafirlukast in models of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yan
- Administration Division, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Ani Sun
- Infection Control Office, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xinwei Xu
- Nephrology Department, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
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7
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Lo CH, Vunnam N, Lewis AK, Chiu TL, Brummel BE, Schaaf TM, Grant BD, Bawaskar P, Thomas DD, Sachs JN. An Innovative High-Throughput Screening Approach for Discovery of Small Molecules That Inhibit TNF Receptors. SLAS DISCOVERY 2017; 22:950-961. [PMID: 28530838 DOI: 10.1177/2472555217706478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) is a transmembrane receptor that binds tumor necrosis factor or lymphotoxin-alpha and plays a critical role in regulating the inflammatory response. Upregulation of these ligands is associated with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Current treatments reduce symptoms by sequestering free ligands, but this can cause adverse side effects by unintentionally inhibiting ligand binding to off-target receptors. Hence, there is a need for new small molecules that specifically target the receptors, rather than the ligands. Here, we developed a TNFR1 FRET biosensor expressed in living cells to screen compounds from the NIH Clinical Collection. We used an innovative high-throughput fluorescence lifetime screening platform that has exquisite spatial and temporal resolution to identify two small-molecule compounds, zafirlukast and triclabendazole, that inhibit the TNFR1-induced IκBα degradation and NF-κB activation. Biochemical and computational docking methods were used to show that zafirlukast disrupts the interactions between TNFR1 pre-ligand assembly domain (PLAD), whereas triclabendazole acts allosterically. Importantly, neither compound inhibits ligand binding, proving for the first time that it is possible to inhibit receptor activation by targeting TNF receptor-receptor interactions. This strategy should be generally applicable to other members of the TNFR superfamily, as well as to oligomeric receptors in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih Hung Lo
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nagamani Vunnam
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Andrew K Lewis
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ting-Lan Chiu
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Benjamin E Brummel
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Tory M Schaaf
- 2 Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Prachi Bawaskar
- 2 Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - David D Thomas
- 2 Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,4 Photonic Pharma LLC, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jonathan N Sachs
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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8
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Kent BD, Lane SJ, van Beek EJ, Dodd JD, Costello RW, Tiddens HAWM. Asthma and cystic fibrosis: a tangled web. Pediatr Pulmonol 2014; 49:205-13. [PMID: 24420817 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.22934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Successfully diagnosing concomitant asthma in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) is a challenging proposition, and the utility of conventional diagnostic criteria of asthma in CF populations remains uncertain. Nonetheless, the accurate identification of individuals with CF and asthma allows appropriate tailoring of therapy, and should reduce the unnecessary use of asthma medication in broader CF cohorts. In this review, we discuss the diagnostic challenge posed by asthma in CF, both in terms of clinical evaluation, and of interpretation of pulmonary function testing and non-invasive markers of airway inflammation. We also examine how the role of cross-sectional thoracic imaging in CF and asthma can assist in the diagnosis of asthma in these patients. Finally, we critically appraise the evidence base behind the use of asthma medications in CF populations, with a particular focus on the use of inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators. As shall be discussed, the gaps in the current literature make further high-quality research in this field imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Kent
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Adelaide & Meath Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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9
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Mogayzel PJ, Naureckas ET, Robinson KA, Mueller G, Hadjiliadis D, Hoag JB, Lubsch L, Hazle L, Sabadosa K, Marshall B. Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Guidelines. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 187:680-9. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201207-1160oe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 455] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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10
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Bäck M, Dahlén SE, Drazen JM, Evans JF, Serhan CN, Shimizu T, Yokomizo T, Rovati GE. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXXIV: Leukotriene Receptor Nomenclature, Distribution, and Pathophysiological Functions. Pharmacol Rev 2011; 63:539-84. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.110.004184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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11
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Abély M. Traitement de l'inflammation bronchique dans la mucoviscidose. Arch Pediatr 2007; 14:1350-5. [PMID: 17702549 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2007.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2007] [Accepted: 06/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis airway inflammation is characterized by neutrophilic efflux and high levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-8 and IL-6. Inhaled corticosteroids are widely used despite lack of evidence of efficacity. Despite evidence of efficacity of ibuprofen, many clinicians have chosen not to use this therapy because of concerns regarding potential side effects. Azithromycin has antiinflammatory properties and is effective in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase) has been shown to improve lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis and may also have a positive effect on inflammation. Other antiinflammatory drugs are in the process of validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abély
- Service de pédiatrie A, centre de ressources et de compétences pour la mucoviscidose, American Memorial Hospital, CHU de Reims, 47, rue Cognacq-Jay, 51092 Reims cedex, France.
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12
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Capra V, Thompson MD, Sala A, Cole DE, Folco G, Rovati GE. Cysteinyl-leukotrienes and their receptors in asthma and other inflammatory diseases: critical update and emerging trends. Med Res Rev 2007; 27:469-527. [PMID: 16894531 DOI: 10.1002/med.20071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cysteinyl-leukotrienes (cysteinyl-LTs), that is, LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4, trigger contractile and inflammatory responses through the specific interaction with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) belonging to the purine receptor cluster of the rhodopsin family, and identified as CysLT receptors (CysLTRs). Cysteinyl-LTs have a clear role in pathophysiological conditions such as asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR), and have been implicated in other inflammatory conditions including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, atopic dermatitis, and urticaria. Molecular cloning of human CysLT1R and CysLT2R subtypes has confirmed most of the previous pharmacological characterization and identified distinct expression patterns only partially overlapping. Interestingly, recent data provide evidence for the immunomodulation of CysLTR expression, the existence of additional receptor subtypes, and of an intracellular pool of CysLTRs that may have roles different from those of plasma membrane receptors. Furthermore, genetic variants have been identified for the CysLTRs that may interact to confer risk for atopy. Finally, a crosstalk between the cysteinyl-LT and the purine systems is being delineated. This review will summarize and attempt to integrate recent data derived from studies on the molecular pharmacology and pharmacogenetics of CysLTRs, and will consider the therapeutic opportunities arising from the new roles suggested for cysteinyl-LTs and their receptors.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Animals
- Asthma/drug therapy
- Asthma/physiopathology
- Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Dermatitis, Atopic/drug therapy
- Dermatitis, Atopic/etiology
- Female
- Humans
- Hydroxyurea/adverse effects
- Hydroxyurea/analogs & derivatives
- Leukotriene Antagonists/adverse effects
- Leukotriene Antagonists/therapeutic use
- Leukotriene C4/physiology
- Leukotriene D4/physiology
- Leukotriene E4/physiology
- Membrane Proteins/drug effects
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/physiology
- Pharmacogenetics
- Receptors, Leukotriene/drug effects
- Receptors, Leukotriene/genetics
- Receptors, Leukotriene/physiology
- Receptors, Purinergic/physiology
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/drug therapy
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/physiopathology
- SRS-A/biosynthesis
- Tissue Distribution
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Capra
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Flume PA, O'Sullivan BP, Robinson KA, Goss CH, Mogayzel PJ, Willey-Courand DB, Bujan J, Finder J, Lester M, Quittell L, Rosenblatt R, Vender RL, Hazle L, Sabadosa K, Marshall B. Cystic fibrosis pulmonary guidelines: chronic medications for maintenance of lung health. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 176:957-69. [PMID: 17761616 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200705-664oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 442] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Cystic fibrosis is a recessive genetic disease characterized by dehydration of the airway surface liquid and impaired mucociliary clearance. As a result, individuals with the disease have difficulty clearing pathogens from the lung and experience chronic pulmonary infections and inflammation. Death is usually a result of respiratory failure. Newly introduced therapies and aggressive management of the lung disease have resulted in great improvements in length and quality of life, with the result that the median expected survival age has reached 36 years. However, as the number of treatments expands, the medical regimen becomes increasingly burdensome in time, money, and health resources. Hence, it is important that treatments should be recommended on the basis of available evidence of efficacy and safety. OBJECTIVES The Cystic Fibrosis Foundation therefore established a committee to examine the clinical evidence for each therapy and to provide guidance for the prescription of these therapies. METHODS The committee members developed and refined a series of questions related to drug therapies used in the maintenance of pulmonary function. We addressed the questions in one of three ways, based on available evidence: (1) commissioned systematic review, (2) modified systematic review, or (3) summary of existing Cochrane reviews. CONCLUSIONS It is hoped that the guidelines provided in this article will facilitate the appropriate application of these treatments to improve and extend the lives of all individuals with cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Flume
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA.
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Süslü I, Demircan S, Altinöz S, Kir S. Optimisation, validation and application of a capillary electrophoretic method for the determination of zafirlukast in pharmaceutical formulations. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 44:16-22. [PMID: 17320335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2006] [Revised: 01/05/2007] [Accepted: 01/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Zafirlukast is a selective and competitive orally administered inhibitor of the cysteinyl leukotrienes and currently indicated for the prophylaxis and treatment chronic asthma. A simple, rapid, reliable capillary zone electrophoresis method for the determination of ZAF in pharmaceutical formulations was developed and validated. The influence of buffer concentration, buffer pH, organic modifier, capillary temperature, applied voltage and injection time was systemically investigated in a fused silica capillary (i.d. 50 microm, total length 80.5 cm and effective length 72.0 cm). Optimum results were obtained with 50mM borate buffer at pH 8.50, capillary temperature 25 degrees C and applied voltage 30 kV. The samples were injected hydrodynamically for 3s at 50 mbar. Detection wavelength was set at 240 nm. Meloxicam was used as internal standard. The method was suitably validated with respect to linearity, limit of detection and quantification, accuracy, precision, selectivity, robustness and ruggedness. The linear calibration range was 2.00-80.00 microg mL(-1) and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.75 and 2.00 microg mL(-1) with R.S.D. of 3.88 and 2.75%, respectively. The proposed method was applied for the determination of ZAF in its pharmaceutical formulations. The results obtained from developed method were compared with a HPLC method reported in the literature and no significant difference was found statistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Incilay Süslü
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
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Stelmach I, Korzeniewska A, Stelmach W, Majak P, Grzelewski T, Jerzynska J. Effects of montelukast treatment on clinical and inflammatory variables in patients with cystic fibrosis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2005; 95:372-80. [PMID: 16279568 DOI: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)61156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In cystic fibrosis (CF), the inflammatory process contributes to progressive lung tissue damage. Cysteinyl leukotrienes have been found in the sputum of patients with CF at high concentrations sufficient to cause potent biological effects. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of anti-inflammatory treatment with montelukast sodium in patients with CF. METHODS Twenty-six patients aged 6 to 18 years were recruited to this 20-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Patients received montelukast or placebo for 8 weeks in addition to their regular CF treatment. Before and after treatment, findings from spirometry, whole-body plethysmography, and the clinical wheezing and cough scales were evaluated. At the same time, serum and sputum samples were obtained for the measurement of eosinophil cationic protein, interleukin 10 (IL-10), IL-8, and myeloperoxidase levels. RESULTS Twenty-three patients completed the study. Compared with placebo use, montelukast treatment significantly improved forced expiratory volume in I second, peak expiratory flow, and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% and significantly decreased cough and wheezing scale scores (P < .001 for all). There were no significant changes in vital capacity, thoracic gas volume, airway resistance, and residual volume after treatment. Compared with placebo use, montelukast treatment decreased serum and sputum levels of eosinophil cationic protein and IL-8, decreased sputum levels of myeloperoxidase, and increased serum and sputum levels of IL-10 (P < .001 for all). CONCLUSIONS Montelukast may have measurable anti-inflammatory properties in patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Stelmach
- Department of Pediatrics and Allergy, M Curie Hospital, Zgierz, Poland.
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