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Wang C, Luo J, Dou H, Raise A, Ali MS, Fan W, Li Q. Optimization and analytical behavior of a morphine electrochemical sensor in environmental and biological samples based on graphite rod electrode using graphene/Co 3O 4 nanocomposite. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 326:138451. [PMID: 36940827 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this research, a new sensor based on graphene/Co3O4 (Gr/Co3O4) nanocomposite was employed for electrochemically determination of morphine (MOR). The modifier was synthesized with a simple hydrothermal technique and well characterized using X-ray difraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) tools. The modified graphite rod electrode (GRE) was revealed a high electrochemical catalytic activity for the MOR oxidation and employed for the electroanalysis of trace MOR concentration by means of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique. At the optimum experimental factors, the resulting sensor offered a good response for MOR in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μM with a detection limit of 80 nM. In addition, the modified electrode demonstrated an acceptable selectivity, stability and reproducibility. This assay was also provided a valid platform for the detection of MOR in environmental and biological samples with acceptable recoveries and RSD in the range of 97.2-102.8% and 1.7-3.4%, respectively. Taking to the simplicity, low cost and short analysis time, this approach is suggested for clinical, environmental and forensic testing of MOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Hao Dou
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Amir Raise
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Mohammed Sardar Ali
- Department of Information Technology, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Lebanese French University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Wei Fan
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Li
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Ningxiang, Hunan, 410600, China
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Three-Dimensional Hierarchical Co3O4/Carbon Composite: Hydrothermal Synthesis and Morphine Electrochemical Sensing Application. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2023.110629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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3
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Zhang Y, Yu L, Jin W, Li C, Wang Y, Wan H, Yang J. Simultaneous Optimization of the Ultrasonic Extraction Method and Determination of the Antioxidant Activities of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A and Anhydrosafflor Yellow B from Safflower Using a Response Surface Methodology. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051226. [PMID: 32182800 PMCID: PMC7179454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
An evaluation of the ultrasonic extraction process and the antioxidant activities of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) and anhydrosafflor yellow B (AHSYB) from safflower are presented herein. Using response surface methodology (RSM), based on a four-factor-three-level Box–Behnken design (BBD), the extraction parameters, namely, temperature, extraction time, solvent-to-material ratio, and extraction power, were optimized for maximizing the yields of HSYA and AHSYB. The maximum yield was obtained at a temperature of 66 °C with an extraction time of 36 min, solvent-to-material ratio of 16 mL/g, and the extraction power of 150 W, which was adjusted according to the actual conditions. The HSYA and AHSYB contents were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The yield and the comprehensive evaluation value of HSYA and AHSYB were calculated. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined using a ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) kit and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. The results suggested that the safflower extracts possessed obvious ferric reducing and DPPH radical scavenging activities. The antioxidant activity increased with increasing concentration. The results suggested that optimizing the conditions of ultrasonic extraction using RSM can significantly increase the yields of HSYA and AHSYB from safflower. The safflower extracts showed better antioxidant activity. This study can encourage future research on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China; (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Li Yu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China; (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Weifeng Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Chang Li
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China; (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China; (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Haitong Wan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China; (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jiehong Yang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (J.Y.)
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Competitive voltammetric morphine immunosensor using a gold nanoparticle decorated graphene electrode. Mikrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Ochiai W, Kaneta M, Nagae M, yuzuhara A, Li X, Suzuki H, Hanagata M, Kitaoka S, Suto W, Kusunoki Y, Kon R, Miyashita K, Masukawa D, Ikarashi N, Narita M, Suzuki T, Sugiyama K. Mice with neuropathic pain exhibit morphine tolerance due to a decrease in the morphine concentration in the brain. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 92:298-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Waybright VB, Ma SH, Schug KA. Validated multi-drug determination using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for the evaluation of a commercial drug disposal product. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:1666-74. [PMID: 26969504 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there are limited effective means of drug disposal for consumers, and this creates a gateway to illicit use and environmental contamination. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of a new drug disposal product, composed from a slurry of activated carbon, which claims to sequester up to 100% of a drug's active ingredient when the loading capacity is not exceeded, making it safe to dispose in landfill. High-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was applied to quantify as many as 24 drugs (opiates, barbiturates, statins, amphetamine, and benzodiazepine drugs) in the residual solvent solution from the product. Calibration curves were established in the concentration ranges of 0.25-7.0 μg/mL and showed good linearity. The limits of detection varied from 0.001 to 0.02 μg/mL, depending on the drug. Accuracy ranged from 80 to 111% for quality control samples, with a few minor exceptions. Precision overall varied between 0.2 to 12.7%. In sample bottles tested, where active ingredient of the loaded drug was below the maximum sorption capacity stated on the label, 98 to >99.9% of the active ingredient was sequestered. Percent active ingredient adsorbed was slightly lower in bottles loaded in excess of label specifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica B Waybright
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Stephanie H Ma
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Kevin A Schug
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
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7
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Moreno-Vicente R, Fernández-Nieva Z, Navarro A, Gascón-Crespí I, Farré-Albaladejo M, Igartua M, Hernández RM, Pedraz JL. Development and validation of a bioanalytical method for the simultaneous determination of heroin, its main metabolites, naloxone and naltrexone by LC–MS/MS in human plasma samples: Application to a clinical trial of oral administration of a heroin/naloxone formulation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 114:105-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Atta NF, Hassan HK, Galal A. Rapid and simple electrochemical detection of morphine on graphene–palladium-hybrid-modified glassy carbon electrode. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:6933-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7999-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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9
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JONES SG, KAMUNDE C, LEMKE K, STEVENS ED. The dose-response relation for the antinociceptive effect of morphine in a fish, rainbow trout. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2012; 35:563-70. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01363.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Clavijo CF, Hoffman KL, Thomas JJ, Carvalho B, Chu LF, Drover DR, Hammer GB, Christians U, Galinkin JL. A sensitive assay for the quantification of morphine and its active metabolites in human plasma and dried blood spots using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:715-28. [PMID: 21400080 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4775-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Opioids such as morphine are the cornerstone of pain treatment. The challenge of measuring the concentrations of morphine and its active metabolites in order to assess human pharmacokinetics and monitor therapeutic drugs in children requires assays with high sensitivity in small blood volumes. We developed and validated a semi-automated LC-MS/MS assay for the simultaneous quantification of morphine and its active metabolites morphine 3β-glucuronide (M3G) and morphine 6β-glucuronide (M6G) in human plasma and in dried blood spots (DBS). Reconstitution in water (DBS only) and addition of a protein precipitation solution containing the internal standards were the only manual steps. Morphine and its metabolites were separated on a Kinetex 2.6-μm PFP analytical column using an acetonitrile/0.1% formic acid gradient. The analytes were detected in the positive multiple reaction mode. In plasma, the assay had the following performance characteristics: range of reliable response of 0.25-1000 ng/mL (r(2) > 0.99) for morphine, 1-1,000 ng/mL (r(2) > 0.99) for M3G, and 2.5-1,000 ng/mL for M6G. In DBS, the assay had a range of reliable response of 1-1,000 ng/mL (r(2) > 0.99) for morphine and M3G, and of 2.5-1,000 ng/mL for M6G. For inter-day accuracy and precision for morphine, M3G and M6G were within 15% of the nominal values in both plasma and DBS. There was no carryover, ion suppression, or matrix interferences. The assay fulfilled all predefined acceptance criteria, and its sensitivity using DBS samples was adequate for the measurement of pediatric pharmacokinetic samples using a small blood of only 20-50 μL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia F Clavijo
- iC42 Clinical Research & Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, 80045-7503, USA
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11
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Qi X, Evans AM, Wang J, Miners JO, Upton RN, Milne RW. Inhibition of Morphine Metabolism by Ketamine. Drug Metab Dispos 2010; 38:728-31. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.109.030957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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12
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Lin YH, Chiang JF, Lee MR, Lee RJ, Ko WK, Wu SM. Cation-selective exhaustive injection and sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography for analysis of morphine and its four metabolites in human urine. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:2340-7. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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NEWBY NC, ROBINSON JW, VACHON P, BEAUDRY F, STEVENS ED. Pharmacokinetics of morphine and its metabolites in freshwater rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2008; 31:117-27. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2008.00939.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Teng G, Wang Y, Tang Y, Wang R, Fang Y, Fawcett JP, Gu J. Quantitation of iptakalim in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 859:256-60. [PMID: 17913597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2007] [Revised: 07/28/2007] [Accepted: 09/13/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a rapid and sensitive analytical method for the quantitation of iptakalim, a novel antihypertensive drug, in human plasma. The method is based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using sildenafil as internal standard. Sample preparation involved liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane-diethyl ether (2:3, v/v) in a basic environment. Chromatography was carried out on an amino column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-water (55:45, v/v, water containing 0.5% formic acid). Detection employed electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry in the multiple-reaction-monitoring (MRM) mode. The assay was linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100 ng/ml with a lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 0.5 ng/ml. Intra- and inter-day precision (R.S.D.) were <4.5% and <12.0%, respectively and the accuracy (R.E.) was in the range +/-5%. The method was successfully applied to a single oral dose pharmacokinetic study in human volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosheng Teng
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
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Rodrigues J, Antonio C, Robinson S, Thomas-Oates J. Mass Spectrometry in Glycobiology. METABOLOMICS, METABONOMICS AND METABOLITE PROFILING 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/9781847558107-00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- João Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Carla Antonio
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Sarah Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Jane Thomas-Oates
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
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Bosch ME, Sánchez AR, Rojas FS, Ojeda CB. Morphine and its metabolites: Analytical methodologies for its determination. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 43:799-815. [PMID: 17207954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2006] [Revised: 11/30/2006] [Accepted: 12/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present article reviews the methods of determination published for morphine and its metabolites covering the period from 1980 until at the first part of 2006. The overview includes the most relevant analytical determinations classified in the following two types: (1) non-chromatographic methods and (2) chromatographic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Espinosa Bosch
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Campus Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain
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17
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Diaz SL, Hermida MP, Joannas LD, Olivera M, Ridolfi A, Villaamil EC, Balerio GN. Pharmacokinetic aspects of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal in male and female prepubertal mice. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2007; 28:283-9. [PMID: 17570125 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that the expression of the morphine (MOR) withdrawal syndrome precipitated by naloxone (NAL) is more intense in male mice than in females, but the reasons for this phenomenon remain uncertain. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether this sexual dimorphism might be due to differences in MOR and/or NAL plasma levels after a chronic treatment with MOR. Prepubertal Swiss male and female mice were rendered dependent by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of MOR (2 mg/kg), twice daily for 9 days. On day 10 dependent mice received NAL (6 mg/kg, i.p.) 60 min after MOR injection. Blood samples were taken at different times in order to determine MOR and NAL plasma levels by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed no differences between male and female mice either for MOR or for NAL. In conclusion, although males and females respond differentially to NAL-precipitated withdrawal, this dimorphic behavior would not be influenced by a pharmacokinetic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvina L Diaz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Concheiro M, de Castro A, Quintela O, López-Rivadulla M, Cruz A. Determination of drugs of abuse and their metabolites in human plasma by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2006; 832:81-9. [PMID: 16436334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2005] [Revised: 12/21/2005] [Accepted: 12/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A method, using 0.2 ml of plasma, was designed for the simultaneous determination of morphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDA, MDMA, MDEA, MBDB, benzoylecgonine and cocaine. The drugs were analysed by LC-MS, after solid phase extraction in the presence of the deuterated analogues. Reversed phase separation on an Atlantis dC18 column was achieved in 10 min, under gradient conditions. The method was full validated, including linearity (2-250 ng/ml, r2>0.99), recovery (>50%), within-day and between-day precision and accuracy (CV and bias <15%), limit of detection (0.5 and 1 ng/ml) and quantitation (2 ng/ml), relative ion intensities and no matrix effect was observed. The procedure showed to be sensitive and specific, and was applied to 156 real cases from road fatalities (7.1% cases positive to cocaine and 0.6% to designer drugs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Concheiro
- Forensic Toxicology Service, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain, C/San Francisco s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Kaushik R, Levine B, LaCourse WR. A brief review: HPLC methods to directly detect drug glucuronides in biological matrices (Part I). Anal Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Tang Y, Zhao L, Wang Y, Fawcett JP, Gu J. Rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitation of levodropropizine in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2005; 819:185-9. [PMID: 15797538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2004] [Accepted: 01/26/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive LC-MS-MS method for quantifying levodropropizine in human plasma after oral administration of a single-dose (60 mg/day) was developed and validated. The sample preparation used liquid-liquid extraction with a mixture of dichloromethane-diethyl ether (2:3, v/v) in a basic environment. The retention time of levodropropizne and zolmitriptan (used as internal standard) was 1.6 and 1.4 min, respectively. The assay was linear over the range 0.25-500 ng/mL with a LOQ of 0.25 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precision were < 8.1% and < 11.5%, respectively, and the accuracy was in the range 87.6-112%. The levodropropizine concentration profile in human plasma was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbiao Tang
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, Jilin University, Jiefang Road 123, Changchun 130023, China
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21
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Bengtsson J, Jansson B, Hammarlund-Udenaes M. On-line desalting and determination of morphine, morphine-3-glucuronide and morphine-6-glucuronide in microdialysis and plasma samples using column switching and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2005; 19:2116-22. [PMID: 15988726 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and reproducible method for the determination of morphine and the metabolites morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) and morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) was developed. The method was validated for perfusion fluid used in microdialysis as well as for sheep and human plasma. A C18 guard column was used to desalt the samples before analytical separation on a ZIC HILIC (hydrophilic interaction chromatography) column and detection with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The mobile phases were 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) for desalting and acetonitrile/5 mM ammonium acetate (70:30) for separation. Microdialysis samples (5 microL) were directly injected onto the system. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) for morphine, M3G and M6G were 0.50, 0.22 and 0.55 ng/mL, respectively, and the method was linear from LLOQ to 200 ng/mL. For plasma, a volume of 100 microL was precipitated with acetonitrile containing internal standards (deuterated morphine and metabolites). The supernatant was evaporated and reconstituted in 0.05% TFA before the desalting process. The LLOQs for sheep plasma were 2.0 and 3.1 ng/mL and the ranges were 2.0-2000 and 3.1-3100 ng/mL for morphine and M3G, respectively. For human plasma, the LLOQs were 0.78, 1.49 and 0.53 ng/mL and the ranges were 0.78-500, 1.49-1000 and 0.53-500 ng/mL for morphine, M3G and M6G, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörgen Bengtsson
- Division of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Box 591, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Current awareness in phytochemical analysis. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2003; 14:328-335. [PMID: 14627054 DOI: 10.1002/pca.680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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23
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Projean D, Morin PE, Tu TM, Ducharme J. Identification of CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 as the major cytochrome P450 s responsible for morphine N-demethylation in human liver microsomes. Xenobiotica 2003; 33:841-54. [PMID: 12936704 DOI: 10.1080/0049825031000121608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim was to identify the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes responsible for the N-demethylation of morphine in vitro. 2. In human liver microsomes, normorphine formation followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with mean Km and Vmax of 12.4 +/- 2.2 mM and 1546 +/- 121 pmol min(-1) mg(-1), respectively. In microsomes from a panel of 14 human livers phenotyped for 10 CYP enzymes, morphine N-demethylation correlated with testosterone 6beta-hydroxylation (r=0.91, p<0.001) and paclitaxel 6-alpha hydroxylation (r=0.72, p<0.001), two specific markers of CYP3A4 and CYP2C8, respectively. Normorphine formation decreased when incubated in the presence of troleandomycin or quercetin (by 46 and 33-36%, respectively), which further corroborates the contribution of CYP3A4 and CYP2C8. 3. Among eight recombinant human CYP enzymes tested, CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 exhibited the highest intrinsic clearance. More than 90% of morphine N-demethylation could be accounted for via the action of both CYP3A4 and CYP2C8. 4. The in vitro findings suggest that hepatic CYP3A4, and to a lesser extent CYP2C8, play an important role in the metabolism of morphine into normorphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Projean
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2003; 38:905-916. [PMID: 12938112 DOI: 10.1002/jms.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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