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Cláudio JC, Filizzola PAM, Figueiredo HF, Lira DL, da Costa AP, Cardoso TM. Endoscopy-assisted laparoscopic wedge-resection of gastric glomus tumor: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 122:110100. [PMID: 39098173 PMCID: PMC11345927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.110100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glomus tumor is a pericytic mesenchymal neoplasm that most commonly occurs in the extremities. The occurrence in visceral organs is rare and is a differential diagnosis with other gastric submucosal tumors. PRESENTATION OF CASE A woman with epigastric pain underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) which revealed a gastric submucosal tumor. Endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration allowed preoperative diagnosis of gastric glomus tumor. Intraoperative EGD-assisted laparoscopic segmental gastrectomy was successfully performed. The patient was discharged in the second postoperative day. There was no evidence of recurrence at 8 months of follow-up. DISCUSSION The stomach is a rare location for the glomus tumor, a neoplasm of the glomus body, which is a perivascular structure with thermoregulatory function. Preoperative diagnosis is challenging, and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is useful for both assessing malignancy-associated features and biopsy guiding. The treatment is surgical resection with attention to adequate oncological margins while preserving healthy gastric wall. CONCLUSION Immunohistochemical analysis of specimen obtained by EUS fine-needle allows accurate preoperative diagnosis and laparoscopic-endoscopic combined surgery allows good oncological and functional results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozyel Castro Cláudio
- Department of General Surgery of Samel Hospital, M Street, 110c, Compensa, 69030-360 Manaus, Brazil.
| | | | - Higino Felipe Figueiredo
- Department of General Surgery of Samel Hospital, M Street, 110c, Compensa, 69030-360 Manaus, Brazil
| | - Daniel Lourenço Lira
- Department of General Surgery of Samel Hospital, M Street, 110c, Compensa, 69030-360 Manaus, Brazil
| | - Aline Pereira da Costa
- Department of General Surgery of Samel Hospital, M Street, 110c, Compensa, 69030-360 Manaus, Brazil
| | - Tiago Magalhães Cardoso
- Department of Endoscopy of Medinova Gastrocentro, Umberto Calderaro Avenue, 455, Room 1410, Adrianópolis, 69057-015 Manaus, Brazil
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Tsagkataki ES, Flamourakis ME, Gkionis IG, Giakoumakis MI, Delimpaltadakis GN, Kazamias GM, Giannikaki ES, Christodoulakis MS. Gastric glomus tumor: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:415. [PMID: 34392835 PMCID: PMC8365960 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-021-03011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gastric glomus tumor is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm. There are only a few cases of the tumor showing malignancy, and there are no specific guidelines for the management of this entity. Case presentation We present the case of a 53-year-old Caucasian male who was hospitalized for anemia. Computerized tomography of the abdomen depicted a mass between the pylorus of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum. Preoperative diagnosis was achieved with pathology examination of the biopsies taken via endoscopic ultrasound and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. An antrectomy with Roux-en-Y anastomosis and appendicectomy, due to suspicion of appendiceal mucocele, were performed. The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery and was discharged 5 days later. Discussion Preoperative diagnosis of a gastric glomus tumor is difficult owing to the location of the tumor and the lack of specific clinical and endoscopic characteristics. Furthermore, it is exceptional to establish diagnosis with biopsies taken through endoscopic ultrasound or upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, prior to surgical resection. Although most glomus tumors are benign and are not known to metastasize, there are rare examples of glomus tumors exhibiting malignancy. Treatment of choice is considered wide local excision with negative margins. However, long-term follow-up is required as there is the possibility of malignancy. Conclusion The aim of this report is to enlighten doctors about this uncommon pathologic entity. Surgical resection is considered the golden standard therapy to establish a diagnosis and evaluate the malignant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni S Tsagkataki
- Department of General Surgery, Venizeleio General Hospital, Leoforos Knossou 44, 71409, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Mathaios E Flamourakis
- Department of General Surgery, Venizeleio General Hospital, Leoforos Knossou 44, 71409, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Ioannis G Gkionis
- Department of General Surgery, Venizeleio General Hospital, Leoforos Knossou 44, 71409, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Michail I Giakoumakis
- Department of General Surgery, Venizeleio General Hospital, Leoforos Knossou 44, 71409, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios N Delimpaltadakis
- Department of General Surgery, Venizeleio General Hospital, Leoforos Knossou 44, 71409, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios M Kazamias
- Department of Pathology, Venizeleio General Hospital, Leoforos Knossou 44, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Elpida S Giannikaki
- Department of Pathology, Venizeleio General Hospital, Leoforos Knossou 44, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Manousos S Christodoulakis
- Department of General Surgery, Venizeleio General Hospital, Leoforos Knossou 44, 71409, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Wang X, Hanif S, Wang B, Chai C. Management of gastric glomus tumor: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16980. [PMID: 31567933 PMCID: PMC6756591 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Gastric glomus tumor (GGT) is a rare gastrointestinal tumor and its preoperative imaging features are significant to make a correct diagnosis, while the assessment of the pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the specimen are the main methods used for its diagnosis. This study introduces the clinical uniqueness, endoscopic ultrasonography, radiology, histology and immunohistochemistry results of a patient with GGT to discuss the imaging and clinico-pathological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of GGT. PATIENT CONCERNS The patient expressed a complaint concerning an "intermittent abdominal pain for 4 months". DIAGNOSES The patient was diagnosed with gastric stromal tumor according to the clinical manifestations and imaging examination before the operation. The pathological examination of an intra-operative frozen sample confirmed the benign nature of the tumor, while post-operative immunohistochemistry results indicate the presence of a GGT. The postoperative histology revealed a tumor tissue composed of irregular blood vessels and glomus cells of same size with interstitial hyaline and mucoid degeneration. Immunohistochemical staining showed positivity for SMA (+), vimentin (3+), CD 34 (vascular +), and Factor VIII (vascular +). INTERVENTIONS The tumor was completely removed by surgery. OUTCOMES The patient recovered well, and was discharged from the hospital. Five months after the operation, a normal gastric mucosa was observed by gastroscopic examination. LESSONS Most of the GGTs are benign lesions, surgical resection is the preferred treatment and they result in a good prognosis. However, malignant GGT should be treated as soon as possible because of its metastatic potential and recurrence. Adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy might be useful after operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingcheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xian Children's Hospital, Xian, Shanxi
| | - Shahbaz Hanif
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu
| | - Binsheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu
| | - Chen Chai
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Khantalin I, Rind A, Mahjoubi L, Valverde JP, Fernandez C, Braunberger E. A rare location of the glomus tumor in the abdominal aorta. JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY CASES INNOVATIONS AND TECHNIQUES 2019; 5:163-166. [PMID: 31065614 PMCID: PMC6495460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvscit.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glomus tumors are rare, mostly benign, and often superficial tumors that commonly occur on the upper and lower extremities. Whereas other locations have been described in the literature, we report the first case of glomus tumor in the abdominal aorta in a 21-year-old patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Khantalin
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Reunion Island University Hospital Center, Saint Denis, Reunion Island, France
| | - Alain Rind
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Reunion Island University Hospital Center, Saint Denis, Reunion Island, France
| | - Lilia Mahjoubi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Reunion Island University Hospital Center, Saint Denis, Reunion Island, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Valverde
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Reunion Island University Hospital Center, Saint Denis, Reunion Island, France
| | - Carla Fernandez
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Reunion Island University Hospital Center, Saint Denis, Reunion Island, France
| | - Eric Braunberger
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Reunion Island University Hospital Center, Saint Denis, Reunion Island, France
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Malignant glomus tumor of the gastric antrum with hepatic metastases: a case report and literature review. HUMAN PATHOLOGY: CASE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ehpc.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Gastric Glomus Tumor: A Rare Cause of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Case Rep Surg 2015; 2015:193684. [PMID: 26697255 PMCID: PMC4678096 DOI: 10.1155/2015/193684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A 24-year-old woman was referred to our department because of melena. These symptoms combined with severe anemia prompted us to perform an emergency upper endoscopy, which showed bleeding from an ulcerated 30 mm submucosal tumor in the gastric antrum. A computed tomography scan revealed a homogeneously enhanced mass, and endoscopic ultrasonography identified a well-demarcated mass in the third and fourth layers of the gastric wall. Because analysis of the possible medical causes remained inconclusive and the risk of rebleeding, laparoscopy-assisted gastric wedge resection was performed after administration of 10 units of red cell concentrate. Histological and immunohistological analysis revealed the tumor to be a gastric glomus tumor. Gastric submucosal tumors remain challenging to diagnose preoperatively as they show a variety of radiologic and clinicopathologic features and are associated with the risk of bleeding upon biopsy, as is indicated in the guidelines for gastric submucosal tumors. Gastric glomus tumors characteristically present with exsanguinating gastrointestinal hemorrhaging that often requires blood transfusion. Additionally, gastric submucosal tumors typically occur in elderly patients; however, this case involved a young patient who was 24 years old. Here, we describe this case in order to identify features that may aid in early differentiation of gastric submucosal tumors.
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Rimbaş M, Micu G. What kind of a gastric tumor is this? CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2015; 41:70-72. [PMID: 30151253 PMCID: PMC6057530 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.41.01.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This case report describes a gastric small submucosal tumor endosonographically resembling a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). The presence of calcifications inside prompted for the surgical excision, and the pathologic examination revealed in fact the presence of a glomangioma (glomus tumor). The presented case is an illustration of the fact that not all masses arising from the muscularis propria layer are GISTs, and the endosonographer must always think of alternative diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rimbaş
- Gastroenterology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Internal Medicine Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
| | - G Micu
- Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
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Halawani HM, Khalife M, Safadi B, Rida K, Boulos F, Khalifeh F. Laparoscopic antral resection with Billroth I reconstruction for a gastric glomus tumor. Int J Surg Case Rep 2014; 5:1128-31. [PMID: 25437655 PMCID: PMC4276278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric glomus tumors are fairly uncommon and mostly benign, with an estimated incidence of 1% of all GI soft tissue tumors. The most common GI site of involvement is the stomach, and in particular the antrum. Some cases have been discovered incidentally, but most are symptomatic presenting with GI bleeding, perforation or abdominal pain. Glomus tumors are submucosal tumors and hence mistaken with the more frequent gastrointestinal stromal tumors. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 33-year-old woman presented with intermittent dull upper abdominal pain for two days. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) was performed showing a hyperdense mass in the antrum. Endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound revealed a submucosal antral mass along the greater curvature, suspicious for a gastrointestinal (GI) stromal tumor (GIST), a laparoscopic antrectomy with Billroth I reconstruction was done. Pathological examination revealed that the mass was a gastric glomus tumor. DISCUSSION The presented case report met all the usual standard criteria commonly used to identify glomus tumors, the uniqueness of the case lies in the occurrence of the glomus tumor in the stomach, first suspected as GIST, then confirmed as a gastric glomus tumor. The vast majority of glomus tumors of the GI tract have been described in the gastric antrum. They occur in adults of all ages with a significant female predominance (78%). CONCLUSION This case may aid in improving the recognition and diagnosis of this rare entity and in differentiating it from more common GISTs and gastric carcinoids. A built up knowledge between physicians is extremely necessary to avoid common confusion in taking the right medical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzeh M Halawani
- Department of General Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Mohammad Khalife
- Department of General Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Bassem Safadi
- Department of General Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Khaled Rida
- Department of General Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Fouad Boulos
- Department of General Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Farah Khalifeh
- Department of General Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
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Chen KB, Chen L. Glomus tumor in the stomach: A case report and review of the literature. Oncol Lett 2014; 7:1790-1792. [PMID: 24932234 PMCID: PMC4049669 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports a rare case of a 47-year-old female with a gastric glomus tumor who was admitted with epigastralgia. Endoscopic ultrasound revealed a protrusion on the posterior wall of the gastric antrum. Enhanced computed tomography confirmed the presence of a 10-mm mass. The tumor was resected, and immunohistochemistry revealed the tumor to be positive for smooth muscle actin and collagen type IV, and negative for synaptophysin, chromogranin A, laminin, S-100, cluster of differentiation (CD)34, CD31, CD99, cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), desmin and epithelial membrane antigen. The proliferation marker Ki-67 was positive in <5% of tumor cell nuclei. The clinical procedures with a review of the literature are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Bo Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
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Baek YH, Choi SR, Lee BE, Kim GH. Gastric glomus tumor: analysis of endosonographic characteristics and computed tomographic findings. Dig Endosc 2013; 25:80-3. [PMID: 23286261 DOI: 10.1111/j.1443-1661.2012.01331.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Among submucosal tumors (SMT), gastric glomus tumors are rare vascular tumors, and only a few cases where glomus tumors have been differentiated from other mesenchymal tumors by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) or computed tomography (CT) have been reported. In this case series, we aimed to analyze the EUS and CT characteristics of gastric glomus tumors. Seven patients with gastric glomus tumors were retrospectively enrolled in this study. EUS showed that all the tumors were located in the fourth EUS layer (muscularis propria) and had distinct borders. The tumors had a heterogeneous appearance with either hypo- or hyperechogenicity, and all the tumors except one had the characteristic peripheral halo around them. On CT scans,all the tumors appeared as well-defined SMT with a clear margin and showed the same characteristics in the different phases of CT. During dynamic contrast-enhanced CT, the tumors showed strong enhancement in the arterial phase and prolonged enhancement in the delayed phase. This case series shows the characteristic EUS findings and the distinguishing features of CT scans for gastric glomus tumors; these findings will help in differentiating gastric glomus tumors from other SMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hyun Baek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Glomus tumor of the stomach: a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Case Rep Surg 2011; 2011:371082. [PMID: 22606576 PMCID: PMC3350055 DOI: 10.1155/2011/371082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Glomus tumors (GTs) are benign neoplasm originating from the glomus body, commonly described in subungual region. The involvement abdominal is rare. Our aim is to describe a case of glomus tumor of the stomach that presented upper gastrointestinal bleeding. A 34-year-old woman was admitted with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and underwent an upper endoscopy that showed bleeding arising from an ulcerated lesion, treated by sclerosis therapy. A new endoscopy confirmed a submucosal lesion in upper portion of the stomach. During the laparotomy, a tumor at the upper anterior wall of gastric body was found and resected by a vertical gastrectomy. The pathological exam revealed hyperplastic smooth muscle fibers of the muscularis propria of the stomach wall, surrounded by hyaline stroma. The immunohistochemistry panel was positive for smooth muscle actin and type IV collagen, with low rate of mitosis studied by Ki-67 which allowed the final diagnosis of a gastric glomus tumor. Discussion. The majority of intraperitoneal glomus tumors occur in the stomach, and it is phenotypically similar to those localized in peripheral sites. Gastric GT generally is a benign tumor although it can be malignant and have the potential to metastasize. Conclusion. Even though gastric glomus tumor is rarely described, it should be considered as a possible cause of a major upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
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