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Effect of Mare Age on Transcript Abundance of Connexins-37 and -43, Zona Pellucida Proteins, and Sperm Binding. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 108:103796. [PMID: 34818616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Zona pellucida (ZP) proteins are important for fertilization and sperm binding and are closely associated with cumulus cells. Communication between cumulus and oocytes is facilitated by intracellular membrane channels composed of connexins. The extent aging impacts potential differences in fertilization and reductions in fertility is not well understood. This study characterized age-related differences in transcript abundance of ZP proteins and connexins in cells from ovarian follicles. Additionally, differences in sperm binding to oocytes from old and young mares was evaluated. For experiment 1, oocytes, corona radiata, cumulus, and granulosa cells were collected from mares classified as young (4-12 years) or old (> 20 years). Transcript abundance was evaluated for connexins -37 (GJA4) and -43 (GJA1); zona pellucida glycoproteins 1, 2, 3, and 4 (ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, ZP4); Tubulin (TUBA1A), and equine chorionic gonadotropin β. For experiment 2, oocytes that failed to cleave following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were stored in salt solution for up to 4 years and used for sperm binding assays. Transcript abundance for GJA1 was decreased in oocytes, corona radiata, and granulosa cells while GJA4 was decreased in cumulus cells from old compared to young mares. Additionally, ZP1 tended to be decreased in corona radiata and cumulus cells from old mares. Oocytes from old mares tended to bind less spermatozoa compared young mares. Oocytes that failed to cleave following ICSI can be used for sperm binding studies for up to 2 years without losses in sperm binding. Our findings suggest that maternal age may contribute to changes in cellular communication and the ZP that could impact sperm binding.
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Sadeghzadeh Oskouei B, Zargari S, Shahabi P, Ghaffari Novin M, Pashaiasl M. Design and Microfabrication of An On-Chip Oocyte Maturation System for Reduction of Apoptosis. CELL JOURNAL 2021; 23:32-39. [PMID: 33650818 PMCID: PMC7944125 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.7056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective In customary assisted reproductive technology (ART), oocyte culture occurs in static micro drops of Petri dishes with vast media volume; while, the in vivo condition is dynamic. In this study, we aimed to improve the maturation efficiency of mammalian oocytes by designing an optimal microchamber array to obtain the integration of oocyte trapping and maturation within a microfluidic device and evaluate the role of microfluidic culture condition in lipid peroxidation level of the culture medium, in vitro matured oocytes apoptosis, and its comparison with the conventional static system. Materials and Methods In this experimental research, immature oocytes were collected from ovaries of the Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice. Oocytes were randomly laid in static and dynamic (passive and active) in vitro maturation culture medium for 24 hours. The lipid peroxidation level in oocyte culture media was assessed by measuring the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), and the rate of apoptosis in in vitro matured oocytes was assessed by the TUNEL assay after a-24 hour maturation period. Results The MDA concentration in both dynamic oocyte maturation media were significantly lower than the static medium (0.003 and 0.002 vs. 0.13 μmol/L, P<0.01). Moreover, the rate of apoptosis in matured oocytes after a-24 hour maturation period was significantly lower in passive dynamic and active dynamic groups compared with the static group (16%, 15% vs. 35%, P<0.01). Conclusion The dynamic culture for in vitro oocyte maturation (IVM) improves the viability of IVM oocytes in comparison with the static culture condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Sadeghzadeh Oskouei
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siavash Zargari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parviz Shahabi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marefat Ghaffari Novin
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Pashaiasl
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Characteristic of factors influencing the proper course of folliculogenesis in mammals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/acb-2018-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Folliculogenesis is the process of ovarian follicle formation,, taking presence during foetal period. During the follicular development, oogoniums undergo meiosis and oocytes are formed. In the ovaries of new born sows, primary and secondary follicles are present and, 90 days after birth, tertiary follicles appear. During development in the ovarian follicles growth of granulosa cells and differentiation of the thecal cells can be observed. A cavity filled with follicular fluid appears. Granulosa cells are divided into: mural cells and corona radiata, which together with the oocyte form the cumulus oophorus. Corona radiata cells, mural layers and oolemma contact each other by a network of gap junctions. Secreted from the pituitary gland, FSH and LH gonadotropin hormones act on receptors located in granular and follicular cells. In the postnatal life tertiary follicles and Graafian follicles are formed. When the follicle reaches a diameter of 1 mm, further growth depends on the secretion of gonadotropins. Mature ovarian follicles produce: progestins, androgens and oestrogens. The growth, differentiation and steroidogenic activity of ovarian follicles, in addition to FSH and LH, is also affected by prolactin, oxytocin, steroid and protein hormones, numerous proteins from the cytokine and interleukin family, metabolic hormones like insulin, glucocorticoids, leptin, thyroid hormones and growth hormones. Despite numerous studies, many processes related to folliculogenesis have not been discovered Learning the mechanisms regulating reproductive processes would allow to easily distinguish pathological processes and discover more and more genes and mechanisms of their expression in cells that build ovarian follicles.
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Abstract
PURPOSE Integrin αvβ3 (ITG αvβ3) participates in the process of implantation between the embryo and the endometrium. This study investigated the effects of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on endometrial receptivity and implantation efficiency of the embryo, and their possible mechanisms. METHODS Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were used to detect the changes in mRNA and protein levels of ITG αvβ3 in RL95-2 cells after administering PGE2. BeWo trophoblast cells and RL95-2 endometrial epithelial cells were used to establish an in vitro model, which was used to observe the adhesion rate and spreading efficiency between BeWo spheroids and RL95-2 cell monolayers after pretreatment with different concentrations of PGE2. RESULTS PGE2 at 200 nM increased the mRNA and protein levels of ITG αv significantly (p < 0.05); 100 nM PGE2 increased the mRNA and protein levels of ITG β3 significantly (p < 0.05). PGE2 at 200 nM increased significantly the adhesion and spreading efficiency of BeWo spheres to RL95-2 cell monolayers. CONCLUSIONS An appropriate concentration of PGE2 might increase the expression of ITG αvβ3, which would, promote embryo adhesion and spreading efficiency. This study provides further evidence that increased expression of ITG αvβ3 might promote implantation by improving endometrial receptivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaman Huang
- a Obstetrical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , PR China
| | - Haizhi Liu
- a Obstetrical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , PR China
| | - Ruiman Li
- a Obstetrical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , PR China
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Sadeghzadeh Oskouei B, Pashaiasl M, Heidari MH, Salehi M, Veladi H, Ghaderi Pakdel F, Shahabi P, Novin MG. Evaluation of Mouse Oocyte In Vitro Maturation Developmental Competency in Dynamic Culture Systems by Design and Construction of A Lab on A Chip Device and Its Comparison with Conventional Culture System. CELL JOURNAL 2016; 18:205-13. [PMID: 27540525 PMCID: PMC4988419 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.4315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective In conventional assisted reproductive technology (ART), oocytes are cultured
in static microdrops within Petri dishes that contain vast amounts of media. However, the
in vivo environment is dynamic. This study assesses in vitro oocyte maturation through the
use of a new microfluidic device. We evaluate oocyte fertilization to the blastocyct stage
and their glutathione (GSH) contents in each experimental group.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, we established a dynamic culture
condition. Immature oocytes were harvested from ovaries of Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice. Oocytes were randomly placed in static (passive) and dynamic (active) in vitro maturation (IVM) culture medium for 24 hours. In vitro matured oocytes underwent fertilization, after which we placed the pronucleus (PN) stage embryos in microdrops
and followed their developmental stages to blastocyst formation after 3 days. GSH content
of the in vitro matured oocytes was assessed by monochlorobimane (MCB) staining.
Results We observed significantly higher percentages of mature metaphase II oocytes
(MII) in the passive and active dynamic culture systems (DCS) compared to the static
group (P<0.01). There were significantly less mean numbers of germinal vesicle (GV) and
degenerated oocytes in the passive and active dynamic groups compared to the static
group (P<0.01). Fertilization and blastocyst formation rate in the dynamic systems were
statistically significant compared to the static cultures (P<0.01). There was significantly
higher GSH content in dynamically matured oocytes compared to statically matured oocytes (P<0.01).
Conclusion Dynamic culture for in vitro oocyte maturation improves their developmental
competency in comparison with static culture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Pashaiasl
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Womens Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Heidari
- Department of Anatomy and Biology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Salehi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Centre, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Veladi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Parviz Shahabi
- Department of Physiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marefat Ghaffari Novin
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Centre, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kempisty B, Ziółkowska A, Piotrowska H, Antosik P, Bukowska D, Zawierucha P, Jaśkowski J, Brüssow KP, Nowicki M, Zabel M. Expression and cellular distribution of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4) and connexin 43 (Cx43) in porcine oocytes before and after in vitro maturation. Acta Vet Hung 2014; 62:84-95. [PMID: 24334079 DOI: 10.1556/avet.2013.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
It is recognised that connexin 43 (Cx43) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4) are involved in the cumulus cell-oocyte communication via gap junctions and the control of cell cycle progress. However, little is known about their mRNA expression pattern and encoded proteins distribution in porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation (IVM). Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected from 31 puberal crossbred Landrace gilts and analysed for their Cdk4 and Cx43 mRNA expression using RQ-PCR and for the respective protein expression by confocal microscopic observations. An increased Cdk4 and Cx43 mRNA expression was found in oocytes after IVM (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). Confocal microscopic observations revealed a significant increase of Cdk4 protein expression in the cytoplasm of oocytes during the maturation process. The localisation of Cx43 changed from zona pellucida before to cytoplasm of oocytes after IVM. It is supposed that the increased expression of Cdk4 and Cx43 mRNA in oocytes after IVM is linked with the accumulation of a large amount of templates during the process of oocyte maturation. The translocation especially of Cx43 from the zona pellucida into the cytoplasm may be associated with a decrease in gap junction activity in fully grown porcine oocytes. Both Cdk4 and Cx43 can be used as 'checkpoints' of oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnieszka Ziółkowska
- 1 Poznań University of Medical Sciences Department of Histology and Embryology Poznań Poland
| | - Hanna Piotrowska
- 3 Poznań University of Medical Sciences Department of Toxicology 30 Dojazd St. 60-631 Poznań Poland
| | - Paweł Antosik
- 4 Poznań University of Life Sciences Department of Veterinary Poznań Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- 4 Poznań University of Life Sciences Department of Veterinary Poznań Poland
| | | | - Jędrzej Jaśkowski
- 4 Poznań University of Life Sciences Department of Veterinary Poznań Poland
| | - Klaus-Peter Brüssow
- 5 Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology Department of Reproductive Biology Dummerstorf Germany
| | - Michał Nowicki
- 1 Poznań University of Medical Sciences Department of Histology and Embryology Poznań Poland
| | - Maciej Zabel
- 1 Poznań University of Medical Sciences Department of Histology and Embryology Poznań Poland
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Expression and cellular distribution of INHA and INHB before and after in vitro cultivation of porcine oocytes isolated from follicles of different size. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:742829. [PMID: 23226944 PMCID: PMC3511843 DOI: 10.1155/2012/742829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) were collected from small (<3 mm), medium (3-5 mm), and large (>5 mm) porcine follicles, and the INHA and INHB expression and cellular localization were studied. Developmentally competent (BCB+) COCs were cultured for 44 h. Samples of mRNA were isolated before and after in vitro maturation (IVM) from oocytes collected from follicles of different size for RQ-PCR assay. The INHA and INHB protein distribution within the oocytes was observed by confocal microscopy. INHA mRNA expression was increased in oocytes from large compared to medium and small follicles before IVM (P < 0.001), and to oocytes of small follicles after IVM (P < 0.001). The INHB expression was not different before IVM, but the IHNB mRNA level was gradually higher in oocytes from large follicles after IVM (P < 0.01). INHA was not differently expressed before IVM; however, in large follicle oocytes the protein was distributed in the peripheral area of the cytoplasm; in oocytes from small follicles it was in the entire cytoplasm. After IVM, INHA was strongly expressed in oocytes from small follicles and distributed particularly in the zona pellucida (ZP). Similarly and both before and after IVM, INHB protein was highly expressed in small follicle oocytes and within the cytoplasm. In summary, INHs can be recognized as a marker of porcine oocyte quality.
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The expression of genes encoding zona pellucida glycoproteins in canine cumulus-oocyte complexes cultured in vitro in media supplemented with progesterone and estradiol. Theriogenology 2012; 77:684-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Analysis of integrins and vascular endothelial growth factor isoforms mRNA expression in the canine uterus during perimplantation period. Pol J Vet Sci 2011; 14:253-8. [PMID: 21721410 DOI: 10.2478/v10181-011-0038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are the major receptors within the extracellular matrix (ECM) that mediate several functions connected with cell life and metabolism, such as cell adhesion, migration, cytoskeletal organization, proliferation, survival, and differentiation. A vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most important angiogenic factors. It has been suggested that the expression of this gene may play crucial physiological roles in reproductive organs. All investigated endometrial tissues were isolated on day 10-12 after mating. Control bitches, used in this study, were in metestrus, which was determined according to the vaginal cytology and progesterone level in blood. Early pregnancy was verified by flushing the uterine horns with PBS. Total RNA was isolated from the bitches endometrium by means of the Chomczyński and Sacchi method, treated by DNase I, and reverse-transcribed into cDNA. A quantitative analysis of integrins alpha2b, beta2 and beta3, VEGF 164, 182 and 188 cDNA was performed by RT-PCR. In results we have shown an increased expression of all investigated genes (integrins alpha2b, beta2 and beta3, VEGF 164, 182, and 188) in pregnant bitches uterus as compared to non-pregnant females (P < 0.001). Our results indicated that the expression of genes encoding integrins and vascular endothelial growth factors is different in relation to the time of the embryo implantation and it is increased in the first period of this process. This may be associated with the induction of specific mechanisms responsible for receptivity of uterus following the embryo attachment. In addition, all of investigated genes are up-regulated in a pregnancy-specific manner and the increased expression of these genes may regulate the uterus function during the implantation of canine embryos.
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Kempisty B, Jackowska M, Piotrowska H, Antosik P, Woźna M, Bukowska D, Brüssow KP, Jaśkowski JM. Zona pellucida glycoprotein 3 (pZP3) and integrin β2 (ITGB2) mRNA and protein expression in porcine oocytes after single and double exposure to brilliant cresyl blue test. Theriogenology 2011; 75:1525-35. [PMID: 21295838 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Revised: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 12/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Brilliant cresyl blues (BCB) staining test is a useful tool in assessing the competence of cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) in several mammalian species. It is mostly used to select gametes after they are recovered from the ovary or before and after IVM to isolate those oocytes that reach developmental competency. However, there is evidence that double exposure to BCB test may lead to impaired fertilization or even have a toxic effect on cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression pattern of sperm-egg interaction molecules in oocytes after single and double exposure to BCB test. Follicles were dissected from porcine ovaries after slaughter and aspirated COCs were cultured in standard porcine IVM culture medium (TCM 199) for 44 h. The BCB test was applied to COCs before and after IVM. In developmentally competent oocytes, assessed by determining the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH; BCB test), real-time quantitative PCR reaction methods, western blot and confocal microscopy analysis were applied to determine the transcript levels of porcine zona pellucida glycoprotein 3 (pZP3), and integrin beta 2 (ITGB2), as well as the levels of pZP3 and ITGB2 proteins. In the control group, assessment of the expression of the investigated genes was performed before and after IVM without BCB test. We observed a significantly higher level of pZP3 mRNA in oocytes after single exposure to BCB test compared to control before and after IVM (P < 0.001), and to double staining (P < 0.05). The level of ITGB2 mRNA was also increased in gametes after single exposure to BCB test as compared to control before and after IVM (P < 0.001, P < 0.01, respectively), and double staining (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis demonstrated a higher level of pZP3 protein in oocytes after single staining with BCB as compared to control both before and after IVM (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, respectively) and double staining (P < 0.05). Confocal microscopic observations have revealed the same pattern of increased level of pZP3 and ITGB2 expression after single exposure to BCB test. In both cases we detected specific cytoplasmic localization of both proteins. The ITGB2 protein has zona pellucida and membrane localization in control oocytes before IVM. After IVM and after single exposure to BCB, ITGB2 was also strongly detected in the cytoplasm. In both cases, after double exposure to BCB both proteins were detected only partially in the cytoplasm. Our results suggest that (i) single exposure to BCB increased the expression of sperm-oocyte interaction genes, (ii) double exposure to BCB leads to only partial expression of pZP3 and ITGB2 in oocyte cytoplasm, (iii) the BCB staining test itself may be a cause of specific pZP3 translocation from the zona pellucida to the cytoplasm, and that (iv) in vitro maturation of oocytes may increase ITGB2 expression and translocation from the zona pellucida to the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kempisty
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
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