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Zhang Z, Zhang X, Li S, Chen Y, Li Z, Lian Y, Li W. Quality by design-based capillary electrophoresis method development for the quantitative analysis of four iridoid compounds in Gentiana macrophylla Radix. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:793-806. [PMID: 36787349 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the capillary electrophoresis-photodiode array detector was employed for the analysis of four iridoid compounds in Gentiana macrophylla Radix (RGM), and the method was optimized based on the concept of analytical quality by design (AQbD). The peak areas relative standard deviation (n = 3) and resolution of the four analytes were selected as critical method attributes. Fractional factorial design test combined with Pareto analysis were employed to screen critical method parameters (buffer concentration, pH, sodium dodecyl sulfate [SDS] micelle concentration, temperature, and voltage). Subsequently, three main factors (buffer concentration, buffer pH, and SDS concentration) were selected by central composite design test for constructing the design space. The optimal separation conditions as follows: capillary column (50.2 cm ×m50 µm, detection length 40 cm). Working background electrolyte consisted of 51 mmol/L borax solution (pH = 9.47) and 40 mmol/L SDS. The samples were injected by pressure (5 s at 0.5 psi) and the detection was performed at 254 nm. Applied voltage was 20 kV and column temperature was 23°C. The developed method is rapid and reliable for the quantitative analysis of four iridoid compounds in RGM, providing a reference for the application of AQbD concept in the analysis of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shunan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yun Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yunlan Lian
- Shanxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
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The antioxidant potential, phenolic compounds, cytotoxic activity and mineral element analysis of Gentiana septemfida Pallas and its antiproliferative effect on HT-29 cell line. Eur J Integr Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2023.102240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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Profiles of Secondary Metabolites (Phenolic Acids, Carotenoids, Anthocyanins, and Galantamine) and Primary Metabolites (Carbohydrates, Amino Acids, and Organic Acids) during Flower Development in Lycoris radiata. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020248. [PMID: 33572277 PMCID: PMC7914633 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the variations in primary and secondary metabolites during Lycorisradiata flower development using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS). The result showed that seven carotenoids, seven phenolic acids, three anthocyanins, and galantamine were identified in the L. radiata flowers. Most secondary metabolite levels gradually decreased according to the flower developmental stages. A total of 51 metabolites, including amines, sugars, sugar intermediates, sugar alcohols, amino acids, organic acids, phenolic acids, and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, were identified and quantified using GC-TOFMS. Among the hydrophilic compounds, most amino acids increased during flower development; in contrast, TCA cycle intermediates and sugars decreased. In particular, glutamine, asparagine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid, which represent the main inter- and intracellular nitrogen carriers, were positively correlated with the other amino acids and were negatively correlated with the TCA cycle intermediates. Furthermore, quantitation data of the 51 hydrophilic compounds were subjected to partial least-squares discriminant analyses (PLS-DA) to assess significant differences in the metabolites of L. radiata flowers from stages 1 to 4. Therefore, this study will serve as the foundation for a biochemical approach to understand both primary and secondary metabolism in L. radiata flower development.
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Kruglov DS, Kruglova MJ, Olennikov DN. Correlation between the Microelement Profile and Essential Oil Composition of Plants from the Filipendula Genus. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020070055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yan H, He J, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Zhu C, Wu D. Gentiana macrophylla response to climate change and vulnerability evaluation in China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e00948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Matekalo D, Skorić M, Nikolić T, Novaković L, Lukić M, Božunović J, Aničić N, Filipović B, Mišić D. Organ-specific and genotype-dependent constitutive biosynthesis of secoiridoid glucosides in Centaurium erythraea Rafn, and its elicitation with methyl jasmonate. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 155:69-82. [PMID: 30077897 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
While bioactive properties of Centaurium erythraea Rafn secoiridoid glucosides (SG) are widely recognized, many aspects related to their biochemistry, metabolism and relationship to the overall plant physiology are not yet understood. Here we present for the first time an insight into the molecular background of organ-specific and genotype-dependent constitutive biosynthesis of secoiridoids in C. erythraea, by comparing chemical profiles and secoiridoid glucosides-related gene expression. Genes encoding enzymes for intermediate steps of secoiridoids biosynthesis up to secologanin have been identified by analysing transcriptomic data from C. erythraea leaves. Results suggest an organ-specific capacity for the production and accumulation of secoiridoid glucosides, and highlight leaves as the main biosynthesis site. They also point out that significant differences in SG content among various C. erythraea genotypes, are, at least partially, determined by different expression patterns of SG-related genes. The biosynthesis of SG in C. erythraea leaves is enhanced upon treatments with methyl jasmonate (MeJA), which causes reprogramming of SG-related gene expression, leading to an increased production of valuable bioactive compounds. The present study unveiled several rate-limiting genes (encoding GES, G8O, 8HGO, IS and 7DLGT) in SG biosynthesis. SLS and CPR are highlighted as important genes/enzymes that might regulate biosynthetic flux through SG pathway. Information gathered within this study will help us gain deeper insight into the SG metabolism and develop strategies for enhanced biosynthesis of specific secoiridoid glucosides in homologous or heterologous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Matekalo
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marijana Skorić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana Nikolić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lazar Novaković
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milana Lukić
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Božunović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Neda Aničić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Filipović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Mišić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
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Xu Y, Li Y, Maffucci KG, Huang L, Zeng R. Analytical Methods of Phytochemicals from the Genus Gentiana. Molecules 2017; 22:E2080. [PMID: 29182593 PMCID: PMC6149888 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Gentiana comprises approximately 400 species. Many species have a wide range of pharmacological activities and have been used therapeutically for thousands of years. To provide comprehensive guidance, utilization and quality control of Gentiana species, this review presents updated information concerning the recent application and progress of chemical analysis including phytochemical analysis, sample preparation and chemometrics. Detailed and comprehensive data including number of analytes, extraction/separation methods, analytical techniques and chemometrics are shown as corresponding tables. These data illustrate that the development of newly discovered compounds and therapeutic uses, understanding of the structure-activity relationship and establishment of harmonious and effective medicinal herb standards are the direction of advancement in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Ying Li
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | | | - Linfang Huang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Rui Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Qi LM, Zhang J, Zhao YL, Zuo ZT, Jin H, Wang YZ. Quantitative and Qualitative Characterization of Gentiana rigescens Franch (Gentianaceae) on Different Parts and Cultivations Years by HPLC and FTIR Spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2017; 2017:3194146. [PMID: 28656121 PMCID: PMC5471563 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3194146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gentiana rigescens Franch (Gentianaceae) is a famous medicinal plant for treatments of rheumatism, convulsion, and jaundice. Comprehensive investigation of different parts and cultivation years of this plant has not yet been conducted. This study presents the quantitative and qualitative characterization of iridoid glycosides from G. rigescens performed by HPLC and FTIR spectroscopy techniques. The accumulations of loganic acid, swertiamarin, gentiopicroside, and sweroside were determined. Results indicated that their content and distribution in different parts and cultivation years exhibit great variations. Gentiopicroside was identified as the most abundant compound among iridoid glycosides and its highest level was observed in the root of 2-year-old plant. With respect to qualitative variation of metabolic profile, the 1800-800 cm-1 band of FTIR spectra successfully discriminated different parts and cultivation years with the aid of PLS-DA. In addition, combined with PLSR, the feasibility of FTIR spectroscopy for determination of gentiopicroside was investigated by selecting characteristic wavelengths (1800-800 cm-1), which presented a good performance with a residual predictive deviation (RPD) of 3.646. Our results suggested that HPLC and FTIR techniques can complement each other and could be simultaneously applied for comparing and analyzing different parts and cultivation years of G. rigescens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Ming Qi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China
- Yunnan Technical Center for Quality of Chinese Materia Medica, Kunming 650200, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China
- Yunnan Technical Center for Quality of Chinese Materia Medica, Kunming 650200, China
| | - Yan-Li Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China
- Yunnan Technical Center for Quality of Chinese Materia Medica, Kunming 650200, China
| | - Zhi-Tian Zuo
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China
- Yunnan Technical Center for Quality of Chinese Materia Medica, Kunming 650200, China
| | - Hang Jin
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China
- Yunnan Technical Center for Quality of Chinese Materia Medica, Kunming 650200, China
| | - Yuan-Zhong Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China
- Yunnan Technical Center for Quality of Chinese Materia Medica, Kunming 650200, China
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Multi-elemental analysis of Ziziphora clinopodioides from different regions, periods and parts using atomic absorption spectrometry and chemometric approaches. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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