Reference Citation Analysis: Find an Article, Find a Category, Find a Journal, Find a Scholar

For: Audard V. [Replacing calcineurin inhibitors with proliferation signal inhibitors after kidney transplantation: indications, results, and disadvantages]. Nephrol Ther 2009;5 Suppl 6:S395-9. [PMID: 20129452 DOI: 10.1016/S1769-7255(09)73432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]

For:	Audard V. [Replacing calcineurin inhibitors with proliferation signal inhibitors after kidney transplantation: indications, results, and disadvantages]. Nephrol Ther 2009;5 Suppl 6:S395-9. [PMID: 20129452 DOI: 10.1016/S1769-7255(09)73432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]

Number	Cited by Other Article(s)
1	Racial comparisons of everolimus pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in adult kidney transplant recipients. Ther Drug Monit 2014;35:753-9. [PMID: 24061443 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0b013e31829a7a7c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Abstract BACKGROUND There is limited data analyzing the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of everolimus (EVR) between African Americans and Caucasians. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the EVR PKs and concentration-associated efficacy and toxicity in African American and Caucasian adult kidney transplant recipients. METHODS This was a retrospective PK and PD analysis of all patients who received EVR at the Medical University of South Carolina Transplant Center between 2006 and 2012. RESULTS Forty-three patients received EVR (22 African Americans, 21 Caucasians). Baseline demographics, immunosuppression, and immunologic risk were similar between races, except for preexisting hypertension, deceased donor type, and cold ischemic time, which were higher in African American patients. PK analysis revealed that African American patients received higher initial EVR doses (2.1 ± 0.8 versus 1.6 ± 0.6 mg/d, P = 0.036), leading to higher early EVR concentrations (EVR >6 ng/mL during the first 60 days: 36% versus 10%, P = 0.037). Efficacy analysis demonstrated similar EVR effects on acute rejection rates (9% versus 10%, P = 0.961), chronic allograft changes (18% versus 14%, P = 0.729), and renal function, with both groups having improved creatinine clearance with EVR therapy (ΔeGFR: 27 versus 12 mL·min·1.73 m). Toxicity analysis demonstrated that African American patients had a trend toward higher rates of EVR discontinuation (46% versus 19%, P = 0.065) and significantly more diarrhea/gastrointestinal intolerance (73% versus 38%, P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate EVR therapy is effective at preventing rejection and improving graft function in both African American and Caucasian adult renal transplant patients. Conflicting with previous mammalian target of rapamycin PK/PD analyses in African American patients, this study cohort demonstrated higher early EVR levels in the African American patients. Collapse Key Words Collapse MESH Headings Collapse Grants Collapse Affiliation(s) Collapse

Number

Cited by Other Article(s)

Racial comparisons of everolimus pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in adult kidney transplant recipients. Ther Drug Monit 2014;35:753-9. [PMID: 24061443 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0b013e31829a7a7c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

There is limited data analyzing the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of everolimus (EVR) between African Americans and Caucasians. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the EVR PKs and concentration-associated efficacy and toxicity in African American and Caucasian adult kidney transplant recipients.

METHODS

This was a retrospective PK and PD analysis of all patients who received EVR at the Medical University of South Carolina Transplant Center between 2006 and 2012.

RESULTS

Forty-three patients received EVR (22 African Americans, 21 Caucasians). Baseline demographics, immunosuppression, and immunologic risk were similar between races, except for preexisting hypertension, deceased donor type, and cold ischemic time, which were higher in African American patients. PK analysis revealed that African American patients received higher initial EVR doses (2.1 ± 0.8 versus 1.6 ± 0.6 mg/d, P = 0.036), leading to higher early EVR concentrations (EVR >6 ng/mL during the first 60 days: 36% versus 10%, P = 0.037). Efficacy analysis demonstrated similar EVR effects on acute rejection rates (9% versus 10%, P = 0.961), chronic allograft changes (18% versus 14%, P = 0.729), and renal function, with both groups having improved creatinine clearance with EVR therapy (ΔeGFR: 27 versus 12 mL·min·1.73 m). Toxicity analysis demonstrated that African American patients had a trend toward higher rates of EVR discontinuation (46% versus 19%, P = 0.065) and significantly more diarrhea/gastrointestinal intolerance (73% versus 38%, P = 0.022).

CONCLUSIONS

These results demonstrate EVR therapy is effective at preventing rejection and improving graft function in both African American and Caucasian adult renal transplant patients. Conflicting with previous mammalian target of rapamycin PK/PD analyses in African American patients, this study cohort demonstrated higher early EVR levels in the African American patients.

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